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Mental health consequences for survivors of the 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster: a systematic review. Part 1: psychological consequences

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 March 2020

Jun Shigemura Open the ORCID record for Jun Shigemura [Opens in a new window] ,
Takero Terayama ,
Mie Kurosawa ,
Yuki Kobayashi ,
Hiroyuki Toda ,
Masanori Nagamine  and
Aihide Yoshino
Jun Shigemura*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
Takero Terayama
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan Department of Traumatology and Critical Care Medicine, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Japan
Mie Kurosawa
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan Musashino University Creating Happiness Incubation, Musashino University, Tokyo, Japan
Yuki Kobayashi
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
Hiroyuki Toda
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
Masanori Nagamine
Affiliation:
Division of Behavioral Science, National Defense Medical College Research Institute, Tokorozawa, Japan
Aihide Yoshino
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
*
Jun Shigemura Email: jshigemura.psy@gmail.com
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Abstract

To integrate scholastic literature regarding the prevalence and characteristics of the psychological consequences faced by survivors of the 2011 Fukushima earthquake/tsunami/nuclear disaster, we conducted a systematic review of survivor studies concerning the Fukushima disaster. In August 2019, four literature databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, and ICHUSHI) were used in the literature search. Peer-reviewed manuscripts reporting psychological consequences, either in English or Japanese, were selected. A total of 79 studies were selected for the review. Twenty-four studies (30.4%) were conducted as part of the Fukushima Health Management Survey—large-scale cohort study recruiting the residents of the entire Fukushima prefecture. Study outcomes were primarily nonspecific psychological distress, depressive symptoms, post-traumatic stress symptoms, and anxiety symptoms. The rates of high-risk individuals determined by the studies varied significantly owing to methodological differences. Nevertheless, these rates were mostly high (nonspecific psychological distress, 8.3%-65.1%; depressive symptoms, 12%-52.0%; and post-traumatic stress symptoms, 10.5%-62.6%). Many studies focused on vulnerable populations such as children, mothers of young children, evacuees, and nuclear power plant workers. However, few studies reported on the intervention methods used or their effect on the survivors. As a conclusion, high rates of individuals with psychological conditions, as well as a wide range of mental conditions, were reported among the Fukushima nuclear disaster survivors in the first 8 years after the disaster. These findings demonstrate the substantial impact of this compound disaster, especially in the context of a nuclear catastrophe.

Keywords

Great East Japan EarthquakeFukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accidentchemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosivesdisaster psychiatrypost-traumatic stress disorderrisk communication
Type
Review
Information
CNS Spectrums , Volume 26 , Issue 1 , February 2021 , pp. 14 - 29
Copyright
© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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Supplementary material: File

Shigemura et al. supplementary material

Table S1

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Supplementary material: File

Shigemura et al. supplementary material

Table S2

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Supplementary material: File

Shigemura et al. supplementary material

Table S3

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Supplementary material: File

Shigemura et al. supplementary material

Table S4

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