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Methods of Determining Cation Exchange Capacities for Clinoptilolite-Rich Rocks of the Logudoro Region in Northern Sardinia, Italy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Guido Cerri ,
Alessio Langella ,
Michele Pansini  and
Piergiulio Cappelletti
Guido Cerri
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell'Università Federico II, Via Mezzocannone 8, 80134 Napoli, Italy
Alessio Langella*
Affiliation:
Università del Sannio, Via Port’ Arsa 11, 82100, Benevento, Italy
Michele Pansini
Affiliation:
Laboratorio Materiali del Dipartimento di Meccanica, Strutture, Ambiente e Territorio dell’ Università di Cassino, Via Di Biasio 43, 03043, Cassino (FR), Italy
Piergiulio Cappelletti
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell'Università Federico II, Via Mezzocannone 8, 80134 Napoli, Italy
*
*E-mail address of corresponding author: langella@unisannio.it
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Abstract

Clinoptilolite-rich materials from widespread pyroclastic and epiclastic deposits of northern Sardinia were investigated to assess their cation exchange properties and to find the most reliable experimental method to determine their cation exchange capacity (CEC). The CECs were evaluated using a cross exchange method (CEM) and a batch exchange method (BEM). The CEM resulted in values 30–35% lower than the theoretical or expected CEC calculated from the chemical analyses of the clinoptilolite-rich materials. The BEM resulted in CECs 6–12% lower than the expected CECs. Various parameters, such as the grain-size of powders (<64 µm and 125–250 µm) and replacement cation (Na+, K+, Li+, Cs+, NH4+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Sr2+) were evaluated in order to optimize the cation exchange process, i.e. enhance complete exchange. The particle size did not affect the exchange process appreciably. The type of replacement cation had a substantial effect on the experimental CEC determined by the BEM. The NH4+ and Cs+ replacement solutions resulted in the best experimental CECs ranging between 75% and 94% of the theoretical CEC with NH4+ as the replacement cation and 79% and 88% of the theoretical CEC with Cs+ as the replacement cation. The exchange efficiency was also measured as a function of ammonium concentration in the replacement solution (0.50, 1.00, 2.00 and 3.00 M). Experimental CECs ranged between 94% (0.5 M NH4Cl solution) and 99% (1 M NH4Cl solution) of the theoretical CEC for one epiclastic rock sample and between 79% (3 M NH4Cl solution) and 87% (2 M NH4Cl solution) of the theoretical CEC for one pyroclastic rock sample.

Keywords

Batch Exchange Method (BEM)Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC)ClinoptiloliteCross Exchange Method (CEM)SardiniaItaly
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 50 , Issue 1 , February 2002 , pp. 127 - 135
Copyright
Copyright © 2002, The Clay Minerals Society

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