Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-wq2xx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-20T00:38:02.569Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Synthesis, characterization and electrorheological properties of biodegradable chitosan/bentonite composites

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

M. Cabuk ,
M. Yavuz ,
H. I. Unal  and
O. Erol
M. Cabuk*
Affiliation:
Muş Alparslan University, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Department of Chemistry, Muş 49100, Turkey Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Department of Chemistry, Isparta 32260, Turkey
M. Yavuz
Affiliation:
Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Department of Chemistry, Isparta 32260, Turkey
H. I. Unal
Affiliation:
Gazi University, Department of Chemistry, Smart Materials Research Lab., Ankara 06500, Turkey
O. Erol
Affiliation:
Gazi University, Department of Chemistry, Smart Materials Research Lab., Ankara 06500, Turkey
*
*E-mail: mehmetcabuk@sdu.edu.tr
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Biodegradable chitosan/bentonite composites with three different compositions were synthesized by the intercalation method using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as the cationic surfactant. The composites were characterized using conductivity, density, particle size measurements, FTIR, TGA, XRD and SEM methods. Colloidal stabilities of the suspensions prepared in silicone oil (SO) were observed to increase with decreasing density. The effects of dispersed particle concentration, shear rate, electric field strength, electric field frequency and temperature on the electrorheological (ER) activities of the suspensions were investigated. The electric field viscosities of the suspensions showed typical shear thinning non-Newtonian viscoelastic behaviour. Yield stresses of the suspensions were observed to change in proportion to the square of applied electric field (E). Further, according to creep and creep-recovery analysis, reversible viscoelastic deformations were observed in the suspensions under E ≠ 0 kV mm–1.

Keywords

bentoniteclay/polymer compositeelectrorheologycolloidal stability.
Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 48 , Issue 1 , March 2013 , pp. 129 - 141
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2013

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Badawy, M.E.I. & Rabea, E.I. (2009) Potential of the biopolymer chitosan with different molecular weights to control postharvest gray mold of tomato fruit. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 51, 110–117.Google Scholar
Brindley, G.W. & Brown, G. (1980) Crystal Structures of Clay Minerals and their X-ray Identification. Monograph 5, Mineralogical Society, London.Google Scholar
Cho, M.S., Lee, J.H., Choi, H.J., Ahn, K.H., Lee, S.J. & Jeon, D. (2004) Linear viscoelasticity of semiconducting polyaniline based electrorheological suspensions. Journal of Materials Science, 39, 1377–1382.Google Scholar
Choi, H.J., Cho, M.S., Kang, K.K. & Ahn, W.S. (2000) Electrorheological properties of a suspension of a mesoporous molecular sieve (MCM-41). Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 39, 19–24.Google Scholar
Choi, U.S. (1999) Electrorheological properties of chitosan suspension. Colloids and Surfaces A-Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 157, 193–202.Google Scholar
Choi, U.S. & Park, Y.S. (2001) Electrorheological behavior of chitosan adipicate suspension as anhydrous ER fluid. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 7, 281–284.Google Scholar
Chotpattananont, D., Sirivat, A. & Jamieson, A.M. (2006) Creep and recovery behaviors of a polythiophenebased electrorheological fluid. Polymer, 47, 3568–3575.Google Scholar
Crini, G. & Badot, P. (2008) Application of chitosan, a natural aminopolysaccharide, for dye removal from aqueous solutions by adsorption processes using batch studies: A review of recent literature. Progress in Polymer Science, 33, 399–447.Google Scholar
Darder, M., Colilla, M. & Hitzky, E.R. (2003) Biopolymer-clay nanocomposites based on chitosan intercalated in montmorillonite. Chemistry of Materials, 15, 3774–3780.Google Scholar
El-tahlawy, K.F., El-bendary, M.A., Elhendawy, A.G. & Hudson, S.M. (2005) The antimicrobial activity of cotton fabrics treated with different crosslinking agents and chitosan. Carbohydrate Polymers, 60, 421–430.Google Scholar
Futalan, M.C., Kan, C., Dalida, M.L., Hsien, K.J. & Pascua, C. (2011) Comparative and competitive adsorption of copper, lead, and nickel using chitosan immobilized on bentonite. Carbohydrate Polymers, 83, 528–536.Google Scholar
German, R.M. (1994) In Powder Metallurgy Science: Material Powder Industries Seperation. M.P.I.F., Princeton, U.S.A. Google Scholar
Gow, C.J. & Zukoski, C.F. (1990) The electrorheological properties of polyaniline suspensions. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 136, 175–188.Google Scholar
Hong, C.H., Sung, J.H. & Choi, H.J. (2009) Effects of medium oil on electroresponsive characteristics of chitosan suspensions. Colloid and Polymer Science, 287, 583–589.Google Scholar
Jang, W.H., Cho, Y.H., Kim, J.W., Choi, H.J., Sohn, J.I. & Jhon, M.S. (2001) Electrorheological fluids based on chitosan particles. Journal of Material Science Letters, 20, 1029–1031.Google Scholar
Kim, J.W., Noh, H.M., Choi, H.J., Lee, D.C. & Jhon, M.S. (2000) Synthesis and electrorheological characteristics of SAN–clay composite suspensions. Polymer, 41, 1229–1231.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kittur, F.S., Prashanth, K.V.H., Sankar, K.U. & Tharanathan, R.N. (2002) Characterization of chitin, chitosan and their carboxymethyl derivatives by differential scanning calorimetry. Carbohydrate Polymers, 49, 185–193.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klass, D.L., & Martinek, T.W. (1967) Electroviscous fluids II. Electrical properties. Journal of Applied Physics, 38, 75–80.Google Scholar
Ko, Y.G., Sung, B.H. & Choi, U.S. (2007) Electrorheological properties of aminated chitosans. Colloids and Surfaces A-Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 305, 120–125.Google Scholar
Ko, Y.G., Shin, S.S., Choi, U.S., Park, Y.S. & Woo, J.W. (2011) Gelation of chitin and chitosan dispersed suspensions under electric field: effect of degree of deacetylation. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 3, 1289–1298.Google Scholar
Ksiezopolska, A. & Pazur, M. (2011) Surface properties of bentonite and illite complexes with humus acids. Clay Minerals, 46, 149–156.Google Scholar
Lee, D., Char, K., Lee, S.W. & Park, Y.W. (2003) Structural changes of polyaniline/montmorillonite nanocomposites and their effects on physical properties. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 13, 2942–2947.Google Scholar
Li, H., Yunling, J., Shuzhen, M. & Fuhui, L. (2007) Synthesis and electrorheological property of chitosan phosphate and its rare earth complex. Journal of Rare Earths, 25, 15–19.Google Scholar
Lin, K.F., Hsu, C.Y., Huang, T.S., Chiu, W.Y., Lee, Y.H. & Young, T.H. (2005) A novel method to prepare chitosan/montmorillonite nanocomposites. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 98, 2042–2047.Google Scholar
Lu, J. & Zhao, X. (2004) A new approach of enhancing the shear stress of electrorheological fluids of montmorillonite nanocomposite by emulsion intercalation of poly-N-methaniline. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 273, 651–657.Google Scholar
Mir, S., Yasin, T., Halley, P.J., Siddiqi, H.M. & Nicholson, T. (2011) Thermal, rheological, mechanical and morphological behavior of HDPE/chitosan blend. Carbohydrate Polymers, 83, 414–421.Google Scholar
Murugan, R., Sampath, K.T.S., Yang, F. & Ramakrishna, S. (2005) Hydroxyl carbonate apatite hybrid bone composites using carbohydrate polymer. Journal of Composite Materials, 39, 1159–1167.Google Scholar
Park, D.P., Sung, J.H., Kim, C.A., Choi, H.J. & Jhon, M.S. (2004) Synthesis and electrorheology of potato starch phosphate. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 91, 1770–1773.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Qi, M. & Shaw, M.T. (1997) Sedimentation-resistant electrorheological fluids based on PVAL-coated microballoons. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 65, 539–547.Google Scholar
Uemura, T., Minagava, K. & Koyama, K. (1994) Negative ER effect in polymeric liquids. Polymer Preprints Japan, 43, 1286–1291.Google Scholar
Vijaya, Y., Popuri, S.R., Boddu, W.M. & Krishnaiah, A. (2008) Modified chitosan and calcium alginate biopolymer sorbents for removal of nickel (II) through adsorption. Carbohydrate Polymers, 72, 261–271.Google Scholar
Wu, Q., Zhao, B.Y., Chen, L.S. & Hu, K.H. (2004) Preparation and electrorheological property of alkaline earth metal compounds modified amorphous TiO2 electrorheological fluid. Scripta Materiala, 50, 635–639.Google Scholar
Wu, S. & Shen, J. (1996) Electrorheological properties of chitin suspensions. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 60, 2159–2164.Google Scholar
Wu, S., Lu, S. & Shen, J. (1996) Electrorheological suspensions. Polymer International, 41, 363–367.Google Scholar
Xiang, L. & Zhao, X. (2006) Preparation of montmorillonite/titania nanocomposite and enhanced electrorheological activity. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 296, 131–140.Google Scholar
Zhang, A., Sun, L., Xiang, J., Hu, S., Fu, P., Su, S. & Zhou, Y. (2009) Removal of elemental mercury from coal combustion flue gas by bentonite-chitosan and their modifier. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, 37, 489–495.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, Y. & Zhang, M. (2001) Microstructural and mechanical characterization of chitosan scaffolds reinforced by calcium phosphates. Journal of Noncrystalline Solids, 282, 159–164.Google Scholar