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In Search of a Master Narrative for 20th-Century Chinese History

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 December 2006

Abstract

Since the Yan'an Rectification Campaign the Communist Party of China has dominated the interpretation of modern Chinese history. With its 1981 resolution it renewed its claim, but a close look at official and unofficial publications on 20th-century Chinese history reveals its loss of control. There is no longer a CCP-designed master narrative of modern Chinese history. This article uses the case of the Cultural Revolution to show how much post-1949 history is contested in mainland China today. It argues that the CCP is unable to impose its interpretation of the “ten years of chaos” on society. Instead many divergent and highly fragmentized views circulate in society, and there is no overwhelmingly acceptable view on this period of post-1949 history. While this is a positive sign of diversification, it leaves unsatisfied both inside and outside observers who hope that the Chinese people might eventually come to terms with their own troublesome history.

Type
Articles
Copyright
© The China Quarterly, 2006

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Footnotes

Research for this article was supported by an appointment as Madeleine H. Russell Visiting Professor for Non-Western and Comparative Studies at Brandeis University during the spring term of 2005. Some aspects of the article were presented at the Fairbank Center, Harvard University and at the Academia Sinica Institute for Modern History, Taipei in May and July 2005. Special thanks for valuable commentaries to Merle Goldman, Ralph Thaxton and Peter Zarrow, and for enormous support from Julia Strauss.