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Optimising motor development in the hospitalised infant with CHD: factors contributing to early motor challenges and recommendations for assessment and intervention

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 September 2023

Stefanie C. Rogers Open the ORCID record for Stefanie C. Rogers [Opens in a new window] ,
Lauren Malik ,
Jennifer Fogel ,
Bridy Hamilton ,
Darlene Huisenga ,
Christina Lewis-Wolf ,
Dana Mieczkowski ,
Jennifer K. Peterson Open the ORCID record for Jennifer K. Peterson [Opens in a new window] ,
Sarah Russell  and
Anne C. Schmelzer
...Show all authors
Stefanie C. Rogers*
Affiliation:
Children’s Health Rehabilitation and Therapy Services, Children’s Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
Lauren Malik
Affiliation:
Primary Children’s Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
Jennifer Fogel
Affiliation:
Advocate Children’s Hospital, Oak Lawn, IL, USA
Bridy Hamilton
Affiliation:
Nemours Children’s Hospital, Wilmington, DE, USA
Darlene Huisenga
Affiliation:
Advocate Children’s Hospital, Oak Lawn, IL, USA
Christina Lewis-Wolf
Affiliation:
Children’s Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
Dana Mieczkowski
Affiliation:
Nemours Children’s Hospital, Wilmington, DE, USA
Jennifer K. Peterson
Affiliation:
Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA
Sarah Russell
Affiliation:
Nemours Children’s Hospital, Wilmington, DE, USA
Anne C. Schmelzer
Affiliation:
Duke University Pediatric and Congenital Heart Center, Durham, NC, USA
Jodi Smith
Affiliation:
The Mended Hearts, Inc., Leesburg, GA, USA
Samantha C. Butler
Affiliation:
Harvard Medical School, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
*
Corresponding author: Stefanie C. Rogers; Email: Stefanie.rogers@childrens.com
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Abstract

Background:

Neurodevelopmental challenges are the most prevalent comorbidity associated with a diagnosis of critical CHD, and there is a high incidence of gross and fine motor delays noted in early infancy. The frequency of motor delays in hospitalised infants with critical CHD requires close monitoring from developmental therapies (physical therapists, occupational therapists, and speech-language pathologists) to optimise motor development. Currently, minimal literature defines developmental therapists’ role in caring for infants with critical CHD in intensive or acute care hospital units.

Purpose:

This article describes typical infant motor skill development, how the hospital environment and events surrounding early cardiac surgical interventions impact those skills, and how developmental therapists support motor skill acquisition in infants with critical CHD. Recommendations for healthcare professionals and those who provide medical or developmental support in promotion of optimal motor skill development in hospitalised infants with critical CHD are discussed.

Conclusions:

Infants with critical CHD requiring neonatal surgical intervention experience interrupted motor skill interactions and developmental trajectories. As part of the interdisciplinary team working in intensive and acute care settings, developmental therapists assess, guide motor intervention, promote optimal motor skill acquisition, and support the infant’s overall development.

Keywords

CHDcritical carecardiac neurodevelopmentoccupational therapyphysical therapyspeech-language pathology
Type
Review
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 33 , Issue 10 , October 2023 , pp. 1800 - 1812
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press

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Footnotes

From the Cardiac Newborn Neuroprotective Network Special Interest Group of the Cardiac Neurodevelopmental Outcome Collaborative.

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