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POPULATION GENETICS OF THE SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (CLEM.) FREEMAN (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE), IN RELATION TO GEOGRAPHICAL AND POPULATION DENSITY DIFFERENCES

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

G.T. Harvey
G.T. Harvey
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service - Sault Ste. Marie, PO Box 490, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 5M7
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Abstract

Collections (68) of spruce budworm from 33 locations from Newfoundland to Alaska were analysed for isozyme frequencies using horizontal starch gels. Collections represented pre-, early-, mid-, late-, and post-outbreak stages of several populations in balsam fir, white spruce, and mixed host forests, as well as successive annual collections at several locations. Isozymes were measured at 11 loci in mature larvae and at six loci in pheromone-trapped males; frequencies were essentially the same in both stages, and from all host species. Three loci (IDH-2, LDH-1, and AAT-1) were found to be sex-linked, with no heterozygotes in females. Mean percentage heterozygosity ranged from 13.2 to 23.1; at individual locations it tended to decrease over successive years of outbreak and over successive collections in the same year. Contingency chi-square analysis indicated small differences related to location and outbreak history but all populations were generally homogeneous over the entire range. Nevertheless, one allozyme of AAT-1 exhibited a significant cline in frequency from the southeast to the northwest. Gene flow across the entire range appeared to be appreciable.

Résumé

Des récoltes (68) de Tordeuses des bourgeons de l’épinette en 33 localités, de Terre-Neuve à l’Alaska, ont été analysées par électrophorèse horizontale sur gel d’amidon quant à la fréquence des isozymes. Les échantillons représentaient divers stades épidémiques, pré-épidémie, début d’épidémie, milieu d’épidémie, fin d’épidémie, post-épidémie, de plusieurs populations, dans des forêts de sapins baumiers, d’épinettes blanches et dans des forêts mixtes, de même que des récoltes annuelles successives à différents endroits. Les isozymes ont été mesurés à 11 locus chez les larves à maturité et à six locus chez les mâles capturés dans des pièges à phéromones; la fréquence était essentiellement la même aux deux stades chez toutes les espèces d’hôtes. Trois locus (IDH-2, LDH-1 et AAT-1) se sont révélés liés aux chromosomes sexuels, mais il n’y avait pas d’hétérozygotes chez les femelles. Le pourcentage moyen d’hétérozygotie allait de 13,2 à 23,1; à certains endroits particuliers, ce pourcentage avait tendance à diminuer au cours des années successives d’épidémie et au cours des récoltes successives d’une même année. Un tableau de contingence (chi carré) a mis en lumière de petites différences reliées à la localité et au déroulement de l’épidémie, mais toutes les populations étaient généralement homogènes dans toute l’étendue de la répartition. Néanmoins, la fréquence d’un allozyme d’AAT-1 suivant une tendance significative du sud-est au nord-ouest. Le passage des gènes semble important dans toute d’étendue du territoire étudié.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 128 , Issue 2 , April 1996 , pp. 219 - 243
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1996

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