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Olfactory and feeding preferences of Cryptorhynchus lapathi among hosts and nonhosts

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2012

Cynthia L. Broberg ,
John H. Borden  and
Regine Gries
Cynthia L. Broberg*
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
John H. Borden
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
Regine Gries
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
*
1 Corresponding author (e-mail: cbroberg@sfu.ca).
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Abstract

In British Columbia, native willows (Salix spp.) (Salicaceae) and, to a lesser extent, black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa Torr. & Gray) (Salicaceae) are frequently attacked by the poplar and willow borer, Cryptorhynchus lapathi (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Red alder (Alnus rubra Bong.) (Betulaceae), trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.), and bigleaf maple (Acer macrophyllum Pursh) (Aceraceae) are not attacked. We studied olfaction and feeding preferences in the laboratory and feeding, oviposition, and emergence in the field. Female C. lapathi preferred Scouler's willow (Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook.) over all other species by olfaction, but males did not discriminate between Scouler's willow and black cottonwood or trembling aspen. All species elicited at least some attraction in no-choice situations. Willow was generally preferred for feeding, but black cottonwood and red alder were also acceptable, unlike trembling aspen or bigleaf maple. In field caging experiments, adult weevils emerged from willow, black cottonwood, and red alder. We conclude that olfaction and feeding preferences are sufficiently powerful to mediate the frequent attack observed on native willows, the intermediate levels of attack on cottonwood, and the absence of attack on red alder. Successful development on red alder suggests that C. lapathi could expand its host range to include this species.

Résumé

En Colombie-Britannique, les saules indigènes (Salix spp.) (Salicaceae) et dans une moindre mesure le peuplier de l'Ouest (Populus trichocarpa Torr. & Gray) (Salicaceae) sont attaqués par le charançon du saule, Cryptorhynchus lapathi (L.) (Coleoptera : Curculionidae). L'aulne rouge (Alnus rubra Bong.) (Betulaceae), le peuplier faux-tremble (Populus tremuloides Michx.) et l'érable à grandes feuilles (Acer macrophyllum Pursh) (Aceraceae) ne sont pas attaqués. Nous avons étudié l'olfaction et les préférences alimentaires en laboratoire ainsi que l'alimentation, la ponte et l'émergence sur le terrain. Les femelles de C. lapathi préfèrent par olfaction le saule de Scouler (Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook.) à toute autre espèce; les mâles sont cependant incapables de distinguer le saule de Scouler du peuplier de l'Ouest ou du peuplier faux-tremble. Toutes les espèces génèrent au moins une certaine attraction dans les situations sans choix. Les charançons préfèrent s'alimenter de saules, mais ils trouvent le peuplier de l'Ouest et l'aulne rouge acceptables, mais non le peuplier faux-tremble, ni l'érable à grandes feuilles. Dans des expériences en cages en nature, les charançons émergent des saules, des peupliers de l'Ouest et des aulnes rouges. L'olfaction et les préférences alimentaires sont donc suffisamment fortes pour provoquer les attaques fréquentes observées sur les saules indigènes, les attaques de niveau intermédiaire sur les peupliers de l'Ouest et l'absence d'attaques sur les aulnes rouges. Le développement complet de l'insecte effectué sur l'aulne rouge laisse croire que C. lapathi pourrait élargir sa gamme d'hôtes pour inclure cette espèce.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 138 , Issue 3 , June 2006 , pp. 357 - 366
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2006

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