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Modelling factors that affect the presence of larval mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in stormwater drainage systems to improve the efficacy of control programmes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 September 2013

Michael J. Jackson ,
Jennifer L. Gow ,
Michelle J. Evelyn ,
T.J. Scott McMahon ,
Harlan Campbell ,
Jennifer Sheppard ,
Tim J. Howay ,
Disa Fladmark  and
Aynsley Thielman
Michael J. Jackson*
Affiliation:
Culex Environmental Ltd., 4-4075 Kingsway Avenue, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5H 1Y9
Jennifer L. Gow
Affiliation:
Culex Environmental Ltd., 4-4075 Kingsway Avenue, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5H 1Y9
Michelle J. Evelyn
Affiliation:
Culex Environmental Ltd., 4-4075 Kingsway Avenue, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5H 1Y9
T.J. Scott McMahon
Affiliation:
Culex Environmental Ltd., 4-4075 Kingsway Avenue, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5H 1Y9
Harlan Campbell
Affiliation:
Culex Environmental Ltd., 4-4075 Kingsway Avenue, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5H 1Y9
Jennifer Sheppard
Affiliation:
Culex Environmental Ltd., 4-4075 Kingsway Avenue, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5H 1Y9
Tim J. Howay
Affiliation:
Culex Environmental Ltd., 4-4075 Kingsway Avenue, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5H 1Y9
Disa Fladmark
Affiliation:
Culex Environmental Ltd., 4-4075 Kingsway Avenue, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5H 1Y9
Aynsley Thielman
Affiliation:
Culex Environmental Ltd., 4-4075 Kingsway Avenue, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5H 1Y9
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: m.jackson@culex.ca).
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Abstract

Stormwater catch basins form part of artificial drainage systems in urban areas and can provide larval habitat for mosquito vector species of West Nile virus (WNv), such as Culex pipiens Linnaeus (Diptera: Culicidae). We evaluated the impact of management techniques and targeted applications of larvicide on larval populations of this potential WNv mosquito vector species in catch basins from the Lower Mainland of Vancouver and on Vancouver Island of British Columbia, Canada. A mixed effects logistic regression model described the relationship between larval presence and larvicide treatment while controlling for other parameters. Parameter estimates showed that larvicide treatment reduced the odds of larvae presence by a factor of ∼7.23. The model also revealed relationships between larval presence and water temperature and adjacent land use but larvicide treatment consistently reduced the presence of larvae regardless of these other factors. This knowledge can now be used to prioritise and target control efforts to most efficiently reduce WNv mosquito vector populations, and most effectively reduce the risk of WNv transmission to humans. A similar research strategy could be applied to emerging threats from other potential mosquito vectors of disease around the world, to help lower the incidence of mosquito-borne disease.

Résumé

Les réseaux artificiels de drainage dans les zones urbaines comprennent des bassins de captage des eaux pluviales qui peuvent servir d'habitats pour les larves de moustiques vecteurs du virus du Nil occidental (WNv), tels que Culex pipiens Linnaeus (Diptera: Culicidae). Nous évaluons les impacts des techniques d'aménagement et des épandages ciblés de larvicide sur les populations de larves de cette espèce, un moustique vecteur potentiel du WNv, dans des bassins de captage dans les basses terres de la région de Vancouver et sur l’île de Vancouver en Colombie-Britannique, Canada. Un modèle de régression logistique à effets mixtes permet de décrire la relation entre la présence de larves et le traitement au larvicide, tout en tenant compte des autres variables. Les estimations des variables montrent que le traitement au larvicide réduit la probabilité de présence de larves par un facteur de l'ordre de 7,23. Le modèle montre aussi une relation entre la présence de larves, d'une part, et la température de l'eau et l'utilisation des terres adjacentes, d'autre part; cependant, le traitement au larvicide réduit toujours la présence des larves, quels que soient les autres facteurs. Ces informations peuvent servir à établir des priorités et fixer des cibles dans les programmes de lutte pour réduire le plus efficacement possible les populations de moustiques vecteurs du WNv et diminuer ainsi le risque de transmission du WNv aux humains. On pourrait utiliser une stratégie de recherche similaire pour étudier les nouvelles menaces que représentent d'autres moustiques vecteurs potentiels de maladies sur la planète afin de diminuer l'incidence des maladies transmises par les moustiques.

Type
Insect Management
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 145 , Issue 6 , December 2013 , pp. 674 - 685
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2013 

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Footnotes

Subject editor: Kevin Floate

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