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LABORATORY EVALUATION OF THE INSECT GROWTH REGULATOR DIFLUBENZURON AGAINST BLACK FLY (DIPTERA: SIMULIIDAE) LARVAE AND ITS EFFECTS ON NONTARGET STREAM INVERTEBRATES

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

C.S. Rodrigues  and
N.K. Kaushik
C.S. Rodrigues
Affiliation:
Department of Environmental Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
N.K. Kaushik
Affiliation:
Department of Environmental Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
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Abstract

In laboratory tests conducted under simulated stream conditions treatment with the insect growth regulator diflubenzuron at 1.0 mg/L/30 min at 15°C resulted in 100% mortality of Simulium larvae after 10 days. At 0.5 mg/L/15 min there was 97.6% mortality of S. vittatum larvae after 18 days in water at 10.5°C. Diflubenzuron was less effective when the growth rate of simuliid larvae during the test was slow due to inadequate nutrition, and it was more effective at 25 than at 20°C, but there was no difference in efficacy between 10 and 20°C. Efficacy against simuliid larvae varied inversely with their instar. Diflubenzuron at 1.0 mg/L/30 min was tested in the laboratory against selected nontarget invertebrates. Among the Ephemeroptera tested at 15°C, Baetis pygmaeus, Leptophlebia sp., and Isonychia sp. proved susceptible but not Stenonema fuscum and Ephemerella subvaria. Similarly diflubenzuron had little effect on the perlid stonefly Paragnetina media at 15°C and on the filter-feeding caddisfly Hydropsyche betteni at 20°C. Chironomid larvae (Phaenopsectra sp.) tested at 20°C were affected and the amphipods Gammarus pseudolimnaeus and Hyalella azteca were particularly susceptible at 25 but not at 15°C.

Résumé

Lors de tests de laboratoire où conditions typiques d’un ruisseau étaient simulées, un traitement avec le régulateur de croissance diflubenzuron à la dose de 1.0 mg/L/30 min à 15°C a causé 100% de mortalité des larves de Simulium après 10 jours. A la dose de 0,5 mg/L/15 min, la mortalité des larves de Simulium vittatum après 18 jours à 10,5°C était de 97,6%. L’efficacité du diflubenzuron s’est avérée moindre lorsque le taux de croissance des larves de simulie était bas dû à une nutrition inadéquate, et plus élevée à 25 qu’à 20°C, bien qu’égale à 10 et 20°C. L’efficacité contre les larves de simulie a varié inversement avec leur stade. Le diflubenzuron à la dose de 1,0 mg/L/30 min a été testé au laboratoire contre certains invertébrés non visés. Parmi les éphémères testés à 15°C, Baetis pygmaeus, Leptophlebia sp., et Isonychia sp. étaient susceptibles, alors que Stenonema fuscum et Ephemerella subvaria ne l’étaient pas. De même, le diflubenzuron n’a pas eu d’effet sur le perlide Paragnetina media à 15°C, ni sur la larve du trichoptère filtrant Hydropsyche betteni à 20°C. Les larves de chironomides (Phaenopsectra sp.) testées à 20°C ont été affectées et les amphipodes Gammarus pseudolimnaeus et Hyalella azteca étaient particulièrement susceptibles à 25 mais pas à 15°C.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 118 , Issue 6 , June 1986 , pp. 549 - 558
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1986

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