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Insecticidal effect of Bacillus pumilus PTB180 and Bacillus subtilis PTB185 used alone and in combination against the foxglove aphid and the melon aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 September 2021

Mouna Kahia ,
Thi Thuy An Nguyen ,
Frédéric McCune Open the ORCID record for Frédéric McCune [Opens in a new window] ,
Rémi Naasz ,
Hani Antoun  and
Valérie Fournier
Mouna Kahia
Affiliation:
Centre de recherche et d’innovation sur les végétaux, Université Laval, 2480 Boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada Premier Tech, 1 Avenue Premier, Rivière-Du-Loup, Québec, G5R 6C1, Canada
Thi Thuy An Nguyen
Affiliation:
Centre de recherche et d’innovation sur les végétaux, Université Laval, 2480 Boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
Frédéric McCune*
Affiliation:
Centre de recherche et d’innovation sur les végétaux, Université Laval, 2480 Boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
Rémi Naasz
Affiliation:
Premier Tech, 1 Avenue Premier, Rivière-Du-Loup, Québec, G5R 6C1, Canada
Hani Antoun
Affiliation:
Centre de recherche et d’innovation sur les végétaux, Université Laval, 2480 Boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
Valérie Fournier
Affiliation:
Centre de recherche et d’innovation sur les végétaux, Université Laval, 2480 Boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
*
*Corresponding author. Email: frederic.mccune.1@ulaval.ca
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Abstract

The foxglove aphid, Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), and the melon aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae), are among the serious insect pests found in greenhouses. The efficacy of microbial control against these insects has been demonstrated and can be enhanced by the combination of different microbial agents. This study evaluated the efficacy of Bacillus pumilus Meyer and Gottheil PTB180 and Bacillus subtilis (Ehrenberg) Cohn PTB185, used alone and together, to control these two aphids both in the laboratory and in greenhouse on tomato, Solanum lycopersicum Linnaeus (Solanaceae), and cucumber, Cucumis sativus Linnaeus (Cucurbitaceae), plants. The results from the laboratory tests showed an increase in mortality induced by all biological treatments. In the greenhouse, all treatments induced mortality rates significantly higher than that of the control for A. solani. Similarly, all treatments performed better than the control against A. gossypii, significantly reducing its reproduction. Furthermore, we found no additive effects when mixing products nor negative interactions affecting survival for the bacteria investigated. These microorganisms therefore have potential for use in biological control.

Résumé

Résumé

Les pucerons de la digitale, Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach) (Hemiptera : Aphididae), et du melon, Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera : Aphididae), font partie des ravageurs les plus nuisibles en serres. L’efficacité de la lutte microbienne contre ces insectes a été démontrée et pourrait être améliorée par la combinaison de différents agents microbiens. Cette étude a évalué l’efficacité de Bacillus pumilus Meyer and Gottheil PTB180 et Bacillus subtilis (Ehrenberg) Cohn PTB185, utilisés seuls ou ensemble, pour lutter contre ces deux pucerons en laboratoire et en serre sur des plants de tomate, Solanum lycopersicum Linnaeus (Solanaceae), et de concombre, Cucumis sativus Linnaeus (Cucurbitaceae). En laboratoire, les résultats ont montré une augmentation de la mortalité induite par tous les traitements biologiques. En serres, pour A. solani, tous les traitements ont induit un taux de mortalité nettement supérieur au témoin. Tous les traitements ont aussi significativement réduit la reproduction de A. gossypii. De plus, nous ne montrons aucun effet additif lors du mélange des produits ni aucune interaction négative affectant la survie des bactéries. Ces microorganismes ont donc un potentiel intéressant pour la lutte biologique.

Type
Research Paper
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 153 , Issue 6 , December 2021 , pp. 726 - 740
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Entomological Society of Canada

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Footnotes

Subject editor: Rob Johns

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