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HOST SPECIFICITY IN PISSODES STROBI (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE): ROLES OF GEOGRAPHY, GENETICS, AND BEHAVIOR

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Thomas W. Phillips  and
Gerald N. Lanier
Thomas W. Phillips*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, 127 Noble Research Center, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, United States 74078
Gerald N. Lanier
Affiliation:
Faculty of Environmental and Forest Biology, State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, New York, United States 13210
*
1 Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed (E-mail: tomp@okstate.edu).
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Abstract

Host specificity of Pissodes strobi (Peck) from different geographic regions and genetic divergence of local host-associated weevil populations were studied in a series of experiments. Pacific coast P. strobi reared from Sitka spruce, Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr (Pinaceae), were unable to successfully colonize either eastern white pine, Pinus strobus L. (Pinaceae), or western white pine, Pinus monticola Dougl. ex D. Don., in a forced-infestation study on interplanted trees in New York. Reproductively mature field-collected P. strobi from British Columbia did not oviposit on eastern white pine in New York, but field-collected New York weevils successfully reproduced in Sitka spruce leaders in British Columbia. Unacceptability of eastern white pine for western P. strobi was shown to be under genetic control, rather than influenced by prior host experience on Sitka spruce. Pissodes strobi originating from Sitka spruce but reared one generation in the laboratory on the exotic Norway spruce, Picea abies (L.) Karst., were also unable to utilize eastern white pine as a host in a forced-infestation experiment in the field. Population genetic studies using allozyme electrophoresis found that P. strobi populations occurring on different host species within 2 km of each other had significant differences in allele frequencies in three out of four cases. These results suggest that P. strobi can exist as small breeding populations that can facilitate host specialization. Applied research on host resistance against P. strobi could target mechanisms that prevent western P. strobi from utilizing nonhosts such as eastern and western white pines.

Résumé

La spécificité d’hôte chez Pissodes strobi (Peck) en différentes régions géographiques, et la divergence génétique des populations de charançons associées aux hôtes ont été étudiées au cours d’une série d’expériences. Des P. strobi de la côte ouest, élevés sur des épinettes de Sitka [Picea sichensis (Bong.) Carr (Pinaceae)] se sont avérés incapables de coloniser des Pins blancs [Pinus strobus L. (Pinaceae)] de l’est ou des pins blancs (Pinus monticola Dougl. ex D. Don) de l’ouest dans le cadre de l’étude d’une infestation forcée sur des arbres plantés en alternance dans le New York. Les insectes capturés sur le terrain en Colombie-Britannique et capables de se reproduire n’ont pas pondu sur les pins blancs du New York, mais des charançons capturés dans le New York se sont reproduits avec succès sur les branches apicales d’épinettes de Sitka de Colombie-Britannique. L’incapacité des pins blancs de l’est de permettre la reproduction des P. strobi s’est avérée sous contrôle génétique plutôt que sous l’influence d’une expérience préalable de l’hôte sur l’épinette de Sitka. Des P. strobi provenant d’épinettes de Sitka mais gardés pendant une génération en laboratoire sur l’épinette de Norvège, Picea abies (L.) Karst, se sont également révélés incapables de se reproduire sur des pins blancs lors d’une infestation forcée sur le terrain. Des études génétiques de population basées sur l’électrophorèse des allozymes ont démontré que les populations de P. strobi qui utilisent des hôtes différents à moins de 2 km l’une de l’autre ont des différences significatives dans la fréquence de leurs alleles dans trois cas sur quatre. Ces résultats indiquent que les charançons P. strobi peuvent former de petites populations reproductrices, facilitant ainsi la spécialisation des hôtes. Une recherche appliquée sur la résistance de l’hôte contre P. strobi pourrait mettre en lumière les mécanismes qui empêchent les charançons de l’ouest d’utiliser des non-hôtes comme les pins blancs dans l’est et dans l’ouest.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 132 , Issue 6 , December 2000 , pp. 811 - 823
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2000

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