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Fecundity and recruitment of eggs during outbreaks of the spruce budworm

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2012

V.G. Nealis  and
J. Régnière
V.G. Nealis*
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Pacific Forestry Centre, 506 W Burnside Road, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8Z 1M5
J. Régnière
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Laurentian Forestry Centre, PO Box 3800, Sainte-Foy, Quebec, Canada G1V 4C7
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: vnealis@pfc.forestry.ca).
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Abstract

Field data from outbreaks of the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), in Ontario and Quebec show that current-year defoliation is the single greatest determinant of variation in fecundity. The species of tree that served as the foodplant and infections by the microsporidian Nosema fumiferanae (Thomson) (Microsporida) had little effect on mean lifetime fecundity in field populations. During a prolonged outbreak at one location (Black Sturgeon Lake, Ontario), annual lifetime fecundity was inversely related to observed defoliation in the same year, with the highest mean fecundity recorded at the beginning and the end of the outbreak when defoliation was least severe. The overall trend in yearly rate of change in egg density in a population time series at Black Sturgeon Lake was associated more closely with generational survival than with fecundity. Measured fecundity of local moths was greater than estimated per capita rates of recruitment in most years of the outbreak at Black Sturgeon Lake. This suggests that in these years of the outbreak at Black Sturgeon Lake there was a net emigration of egg-carrying moths.

Résumé

Nous avons établi, à partir de données provenant de populations naturelles en Ontario et au Québec, que la défoliation du feuillage de l'année est le facteur le plus influent sur la fécondité des populations naturelles de la tordeuse des bourgeons de l'épinette Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) au cours d'une épidémie. L'essence hôte de laquelle provient l'insecte, ou l'infection par Nosema fumiferanae (Thomson) (Microsporida), ont peu d'effet sur la fécondité des populations naturelles. Au cours d'une épidémie prolongée à Black Sturgeon Lake (Ontario), la fécondité était en relation inverse avec la défoliation observée au cours de la même année. La plus forte fécondité a été enregistrée au début et à la fin de l'épidémie lorsque la défoliation était la moindre. La tendance générale du taux de changement intergénérationnel de densité au stade oeuf dans la série temporelle relevée à Black Sturgeon Lake était plus étroitement associée au taux de survie intra-générationnelle qu'à la fécondité. La fécondité des papillons était plus élevée que le taux de recrutement annuel pour la plupart des années de l'épidémie à Black Sturgeon Lake. Ceci suggère une émigration nette de papillons féconds dans la plupart des générations au sein de la population de Black Sturgeon Lake.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 136 , Issue 4 , August 2004 , pp. 591 - 604
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2004

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