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Consequences of gall tissues as a food resource for a tortricid moth attacking cecidomyiid galls

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2012

Shinji Sugiura ,
Kazuo Yamazaki  and
Takashi Osono
Shinji Sugiura*
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Forest Ecology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
Kazuo Yamazaki
Affiliation:
Osaka City Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, 8–34 Tojo-cho, Tennoji-ku, Osaka 543-0026, Japan
Takashi Osono
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Forest Ecology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
*
1 Corresponding author (e-mail: ssugiura@ffpri.affrc.go.jp).
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Abstract

Seven species of parasitoids and two species of moths emerged from bud galls induced by two species of gall midges (Asteralobiasoyogo (Kikuti) and A. sasakii (Monzen)) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on four species of trees of the genus Ilex (I. pedunculosa Miq., I. crenata Thunb., I. chinensis Sims, and I. integra Thunb.) (Aquifoliaceae). Larvae of the moth Rhopobota ustomaculana (Curtis) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) bored into bud galls induced by A. soyogo and A. sasakii on I. pedunculosa and I. crenata, respectively. Rhopobota ustomaculana larvae fed on leaves as well as gall tissues of I. pedunculosa, suggesting that R. ustomaculana is a facultative cecidophage. To clarify consequences of gall tissues as a food resource for cecidophagous moths, we compared the chemical properties of galls with those of normal plant tissues (leaves) of I. pedunculosa. Bud galls of I. pedunculosa had higher water content and lower nitrogen, carbon, and polyphenol (a chemical associated with plant insect defenses) contents than leaves. Therefore, bud galls may be a richer food resource for R. ustomaculana larvae because of the higher water content and lower carbon and polyphenol contents, although they are a poorer resource in terms of nitrogen content.

Résumé

Sept espèces de parasitoïdes et deux espèces de papillons de nuit émergent des galles provoquées par deux espèces de cécidomyies (Asteralobia soyogo (Kikuti) et A. sasakii (Monzen) (Diptera : Cecidomyiidae)) sur les bourgeons de quatre espèces arborescences du genre Ilex (I. pedunculosa Miq., I. crenata Thunb., I. chinensis Sims et I. integtra Thunb. (Aquifoliaceae)). Les larves du papillon de nuit Rhopobota ustomaculana (Curtis) (Lepidoptera : Tortricidae) percent les galles des bourgeons provoquées chez I. pedunculosa et I. crenata respectivement par A. soyogo et A. sasakii. Les larves de R. ustomaculana se nourrissent de feuilles aussi bien que de tissus de galles chez I. pedunculosa, ce qui laisse croire que R. ustomaculana est un cécidophage facultatif. Afin de déterminer les conséquences de l'utilisation de tissus de galles comme ressource alimentaire chez les papillons de nuit cécidophages, nous avons analysé les propriétés chimiques des galles par comparaison à des tissus normaux (feuilles) chez I. pedunculosa. Les galles des bourgeons d'I. pedunculosa ont un contenu hydrique plus élevé que les feuilles et des contenus en azote, en carbone et en polyphénol (une substance associée à la défense des plantes contre les insectes) plus faibles. Les galles des bourgeons peuvent donc constituer une ressource alimentaire enrichie pour les larves de R. ustomaculana à cause de leur contenu en eau plus élevé et de leurs teneurs plus faibles en carbone et en polyphénol, mais elles sont une ressource moins intéressante à cause de leur faible contenu en azote.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 138 , Issue 3 , June 2006 , pp. 390 - 398
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2006

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