Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-vvkck Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T01:40:05.346Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

BIOSYSTEMATICS OF THE GENUS EUXOA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE): V. REARING PROCEDURES, AND LIFE CYCLES OF 36 SPECIES

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

C. F. Hinks
Affiliation:
Biosystematics Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa
J. R. Byers
Affiliation:
Biosystematics Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa

Abstract

A rearing method, based upon an artificial diet, has proved successful in establishing laboratory colonies of 36 species of the genus Euxoa. The diet is described, along with methods for controlling disease, particularly by the use of antimicrobial agents.

Many of the 36 species of Euxoa have not been reared before and their habits and life histories are little known. The data derived from their development under laboratory conditions and which can be related to seasonal distribution are recorded. Particular emphasis is given to the overwintering stage and to the occurrence of an aestivating stage.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1976

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Beirne, B. P. 1971. Pest insects of annual crop plants in Canada. 1. Lepidoptera. 11. Diptera. 111. Coleoptera. Mem. ent. Soc. Can. 78.Google Scholar
Blakeley, P. E. and Jacobson, L. A.. 1960. Effect of temperature, humidity, and larval weight on the duration of prepupal and pupal stages of the pale western cutworm, Agrotis orthogonia Morr. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Can. Ent. 92: 161163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Childress, D. and Williams, P. P.. 1973. Control of bacterial contaminant of boll weevil diet. J. econ. Ent. 66: 554555.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Common, I. F. B. 1954. A study of the ecology of the adult Bogong moth Agrotis infusa (Borsd.) with special reference to its behaviour during migration and aestivation. Aust. J. Zool. 2: 223263.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cook, W. C. 1927. Studies in the ecology of Montana cutworms (Phalaenidae). Ecology 8: 158173.Google Scholar
Crumb, S. E. 1929. Tobacco cutworms. Tech. Bull. U.S. Dep. Agric. 88.Google Scholar
Crumb, S. E. 1956. The larvae of the Phalaenidae. Tech. Bull. U.S. Dep. Agric. 1135.Google Scholar
David, W. A. L., and Gardner, B. O. C.. 1966. The effect of sinigrin on the feeding of Pieris brassicae larvae transferred from various diets. Entomologia exp. appl. 9: 9598.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
David, W. A. L., Ellaby, S., and Taylor, G.. 1969. The fumigant action of formaldehyde incorporated in a semi-synthetic diet on the granulosis virus of Pieris brassicae and its evaporation from the diet. J. invert. Path. 19: 7682.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, G. R. F. 1968. Phagostimulation and consideration of its role in artificial diets. Bull. ent. Soc. Am. 14: 2730.Google Scholar
Esplin, D. W. 1965. Antiseptics and disinfectants; fungicides; ectoparasiticides, pp. 10211057. In Goodman, L. S. and Gilman, A. (Eds.), The pharmacological basis of therapeutics. Macmillan, New York.Google Scholar
Fatzinger, C. W. 1970. Aseptic techniques for rearing Dioryctria abietella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae, Phycitinae) on artificial medium. Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 63: 17161718.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Forbes, W. T. M. 1954. Lepidoptera of New York and neighbouring states. Part 3. Mem. Cornell Univ. agric. Exp. Stn 329.Google Scholar
Hardwick, D. F. 1968. A brief review of the principles of light trap design with a description of an efficient trap for collecting noctuid moths. J. Lepid. Soc. 22: 6575.Google Scholar
Hardwick, D. F. 1970. The genus Euxoa (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in North America. 1. Subgenera Orosagrotis, Longivesica, Chorizagrotis, Pleonectopoda and Crassivesica. Mem. ent. Soc. Can. 67.Google Scholar
Hedin, P. A., Thompson, A. C., and Minyard, J. P.. 1966. Constituents of the cotton bud. III. Factors that stimulate feeding by the boll weevil. J. econ. Ent. 59: 181185.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henneberry, T. J. and Kishaba, A. N.. 1966. Cabbage loopers, pp. 461478. In Smith, C. N. (Ed.), Insect colonization and mass production. Academic Press, New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
House, H. L. 1967. Artificial diets for insects: a compilation of references with abstracts. Information Bull. 5. Research Institute, Canada Agriculture, Belleville, Ont.Google Scholar
Hudson, H. F. and Wood, A. A.. 1929. The life-history of the white cutworm, Euxoa scandens Riley. Rep. ent. Soc. Ont. (1929): 6770.Google Scholar
Jacobson, L. A. 1962. Diapause in eggs of the pale western cutworm Agrotis orthogonia Morr. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Can. Ent. 94: 515522.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jacobson, L. A. 1969. Biology of Euxoa tristicula in the field and laboratory. J. econ. Ent. 62: 10531054.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jacobson, L. A. 1970. Laboratory ecology of the red-backed cutworm, Euxoa ochrogaster (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Can. Ent. 102: 8589.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jacobson, L. A. and Blakeley, P. E.. 1959. Development and behaviour of the army cutworm in the laboratory. Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 52: 100105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kamano, S. and Fukaya, M.. 1965. On the successive rearing of rice stem borer on the artificial diets under aseptic conditions. IV. The inbreeding and the rotational breeding of the rice stem borer. (In Japanese). Jap. J. appl. Zool. 9: 8993.Google Scholar
Kasting, R., McGinnis, A. J., and Hawn, E. J.. 1971. A disease of pale western cutworms (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) reared in the laboratory. Can. Ent. 103: 10271032.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mansingh, A. 1971. Physiological classification of dormancies in insects. Can. Ent. 103: 9831009.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murai, M. 1974. On interference among larvae of the greasy cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon Rott. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Res. Popul. Ecol. 16: 112116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oku, T., Chiba, T., Saito, O., and Kobayashi, T.. 1972. Preliminary notes on the aestivation of a cutworm moth, Euxoa sibirica Boisduval, at high altitudes in Tohoku district (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Kontyû 40: 265269.Google Scholar
Poitout, S. 1969. La consanguinité chez les Lépidoptères Noctuidae. Mise en évidence de son importance dans la conduite d'élevages en conditions artificielles. Ann. Zool. Ecol. anim. 1: 245264.Google Scholar
Poitout, S. 1971. Influence relative de la consanguinité et de l'alternance d'alimentation larvaire sur le potential de reproduction de Spodoptera exigua Hb. (Lépidoptère, Noctuidae). Ann. Zool. Ecol. anim. 3: 455463.Google Scholar
Poitout, S. and Bues, R.. 1970. Elevage de plusieurs espèces de Lépidoptères Noctuidae sur milieu artificiel riche et sur milieu artificiel simplifié. Ann. Zool. Ecol. anim. 2: 7991.Google Scholar
Poitout, S. and Bues, R.. 1974. Elevages de Chenille de vingt huit espèces de Lépidoptère Noctuidae et de deux espèces d'arctiidae sur milieu artificiel simple. Particularités de l'élevage selon les espèces. Ann. Zool. anim. 6: 431441.Google Scholar
Pruess, K. P. 1967. Migration of the army cutworm, Chorizagrotis auxiliaris (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). 1. Evidence for a migration. Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 60: 910920.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shorey, H. H. and Hale, R. L.. 1965. Mass-rearing of the larvae of nine noctuid species on a single artificial medium. J. econ. Ent. 58: 522524.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sechriest, R. E. 1974. Chemical control of Euxoa detersa in corn. J. econ. Ent. 67: 138139.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Singh, P. 1972. Bibliography of artificial diets for insects and mites. Bull. N.Z. Dep. scient. ind. Res. 209.Google Scholar
Singh, P. and House, H. L.. 1970 a. Antimicrobials: ‘safe’ levels in a synthetic diet of an insect, Agria affinis. J. Insect Physiol. 16: 17691782.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Singh, P. and House, H. L.. 1970 b. Antimicrobial agents: their detrimental effects on size of an insect, Agria affinis. Can. Ent. 102: 13401344.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steinhaus, E. A. 1953. Diseases of insects reared in the laboratory or insectory. Calif. agric. Exp. Stn Ext. Serv. Leafl. 9.Google Scholar
Sutter, G. R. and Miller, E.. 1972. Rearing the army cutworm on an artificial diet. J. econ. Ent. 64: 717718.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sutter, G. R., Miller, E., and Catkins, C. O.. 1972. Rearing the pale western cutworm on artificial diet. J. econ. Ent. 65: 14701471.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vanderzant, E. S. 1957. Growth and reproduction of the pink bollworm on an amino acid medium. J. econ. Ent. 50: 219221.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vanderzant, E. S. 1967. Wheat germ diet for insects: rearing the boll weevil and the salt marsh caterpillar. Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 60: 10621066.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vanderzant, E. S. 1974. Development, significance, and application of artificial diets for insects. A. Rev. Ent. 19: 139160.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walkden, H. H. 1950. Cutworms, Armyworms and related species attacking cereal and forage crops in the central great plains. Circ. U.S. Dep. Agric. 849.Google Scholar