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SEASONAL OCCURRENCE AND NUMBER OF GENERATIONS OF LYGUS LINEOLARIS AND L. BOREALIS (HETEROPTERA: MIRIDAE) IN SOUTHERN MANITOBA1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

G.H. Gerber
Affiliation:
Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Winnipeg Research Centre, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2M9
I.L. Wise
Affiliation:
Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Winnipeg Research Centre, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2M9

Abstract

The seasonal occurrence and number of generations of Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) were studied on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), everbearing strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa Duchesne), oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.), and stinkweed (Thlaspi arvense L.) in field plots at Winnipeg, Manitoba, and in commercial alfalfa and oilseed rape fields throughout the agricultural areas of Manitoba in 1990–1993. Lygus borealis (Kelton) was studied only during 1993. Lygus lineolaris had two non-overlapping generations in southern Manitoba. Overwintered adults migrated onto host plants during die first 3 weeks of May, and females containing chorionated eggs were found in relatively small numbers for 5–6 weeks until the last 3 weeks of June. First-generation nymphs were present from the last half of May until the last half of July. During the last 2 weeks of June, the overwintered adults disappeared suddenly and were replaced completely by first-generation adults. First-generation adults eclosed during the last 2 weeks of June and in July, and first-generation females containing chorionated eggs were present for about 6–7 weeks until mid-August. Second-generation nymphs first appeared in late July or early August and most completed development by the end of September. Second-generation adults were found from the first half of August until they hibernated in October and November. Most second-generation females contained previtellogenic eggs and. therefore, were in reproductive diapause. In 3 of the 4 years, the overwintered adults appeared to include all second-generation adults plus 0–20% of the first-generation adults. The data from commercial alfalfa and oilseed rape fields indicated that the seasonal occurrence of L. lineolaris was relatively uniform in most or all agricultural areas of Manitoba. Lygus lineolaris has one generation (the second generation) on oilseed rape, and the eclosion and dispersal of reproductively active first-generation adults were well synchronized with the bud and flower stages of this host plant in southern Manitoba. In 1993, L. borealis had two generations and its seasonal occurrence was similar to that of L. lineolaris.

Résumé

La fréquence saisonnière et le nombre de générations de Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) ont été déterminés dans des champs sauvages de luzerne (Medicago sativa L.), de fraises à production continue (Fragaria × ananassa Duchesne), de colza (Brassica napus L.), et de Thlaspi des champs (Thlaspi arvense L.) à Winnipeg, Manitoba, et dans des cultures commerciales de luzerne et de colza dans toutes les zones agricoles du Manitoba, de 1990 à 1993. Lygus borealis (Kelton) n’a été étudié qu’en 1993. Deux générations sans recoupement de L. lineolaris ont été observées dans le sud du Manitoba. Les adultes qui ont survécu à l’hiver ont envahi les plants hôtes au cours des 3 premières semaines de mai et des femelles porteuses d’oeufs à chorion étaient présentes en nombres relativement faibles durant 5 à 6 semaines jusqu’au cours des 3 dernières semaines de juin. Les larves de la première génération sont apparues vers la mi-mai et étaient présentes jusqu’à la dernière moitié de juillet. Au cours des 2 dernières semaines de juin, les adultes qui avaient survécu à l’hiver sont disparus brusquement et ont été entièrement remplacés par les adultes de la première génération. Les adultes de la première génération ont éclos au cours des 2 dernières semaines de juin et en juillet et les femelles de première génération contenant des oeufs à chorion ont été observées durant 6 à 7 semaines, jusqu’au milieu d’août. Les premières larves de deuxième génération ont été rencontrées à la fin de juillet ou au début d’août et la plupart étaient complètement développées à la fin de septembre. Les adultes de deuxième génération étaient présents de la première quinzaine d’août jusqu’à leur hibernation en octobre et novembre. La plupart des femelles de deuxième génération contenaient des oeufs qui avaient atteint le stade précédant la vitellogenèse et elles étaient donc en diapause reproductive. Au cours de 3 des 4 années de l’étude, la population d’adultes d’hiver semblait contenir tous les adultes de la seconde génération et de 0 à 20% des adultes de la première génération. Les données recueillies dans les cultures commerciales de luzerne et de colza semblent indiquer que la fréquence saisonnière de L. lineolaris est relativement uniforme dans la plupart des zones agricoles (ou dans toutes) du Manitoba. Lygus lineolaris compte une génération (la seconde) dans les champs de colza; l’éclosion et la dispersion des adultes reproducteurs de la première génération se sont avérées bien synchronisées avec les stades de bourgeonnement et de floraison des plants hôtes dans le sud du Manitoba. En 1993, L. borealis a compté deux générations et sa fréquence saisonnière était semblable à celle de L. lineolaris.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1995

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