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2-Phenylethanol: context-specific aggregation or sex-attractant pheromone of Boisea rubrolineata (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2012

Joseph J. Schwarz  and
Gerhard Gries
Joseph J. Schwarz
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
Gerhard Gries*
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
*
1 Corresponding author (e-mail: gries@sfu.ca).
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Abstract

Western boxelder bugs, Boisea rubrolineata (Barber), form large aggregations on pistillate boxelder, Acer negundo L. (Aceraceae), host trees with maturing seeds, and cluster on warm, sunlit surfaces prior to overwintering. We have recently shown that B. rubrolineata is attracted to the host-tree semiochemicals phenylacetonitrile and 2-phenethyl acetate. We report results of chemical analyses and laboratory bioassays suggesting that aggregation and sexual communication in B. rubrolineata are mediated by 2-phenylethanol. This compound serves as an aggregation pheromone for females, males, and 5th-instar nymphs in midsummer, and in males it appears to serve as a sex-attractant pheromone in early spring. As an aggregation pheromone, 2-phenylethanol originates from the feces of seed-feeding females and males and (or) the ventral abdominal gland of males. As a sex-attractant pheromone, it originates from the ventral abdominal gland of males that emerge from overwintering diapause. Aggregations of B. rubrolineata in the fall and winter are mediated by other as yet unknown pheromones.

Résumé

Les punaises de l'érable négondo de l'ouest, Boisea rubrolineata (Barber) (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) forment de grands rassemblements sur les arbres hôtes pistillés, les érables négondo, Acer negundo L. (Aceraceae), porteurs de graines en maturation, et se regroupent sur des surfaces chaudes et ensoleillées avant l'hivernage. Nous avons récemment démontré que B. rubrolineata est attiré par les produits sémiochimiques de l'arbre hôte, le phénylacétonitrile et l'acétate de 2-phénétyle. Nous présentons maintenant des résultats d'analyses chimiques et de bioessais en laboratoire qui laissent croire que les regroupements et la communication sexuelle chez B. rubrolineata se font par l'intermédiaire du phényl-2-éthanol. Ce produit sert d'hormone de regroupement au milieu de l'été chez les femelles, les mâles et les larves de 5e stade et il semble jouer le rôle de phéromone d'attraction sexuelle produite par les mâles au début du printemps. Comme phéromone de rassemblement, le phényl-2-éthanol provient des féces des femelles et des mâles qui se nourrissent de graines et(ou) de la glande abdominale ventrale des mâles. Comme hormone d'attraction sexuelle, le phényl-2-éthanol provient de la glande abdominale ventrale des mâles qui émergent de leur diapause hivernale. Les rassemblements de B. rubrolineata en automne et en hiver se font par l'intermédiaire d'autres phéromones encore non identifiées.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 142 , Issue 5 , October 2010 , pp. 489 - 500
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2010

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