Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-xfwgj Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-26T09:08:59.896Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Reproductive biology of the great capricorn beetle, Cerambyx cerdo (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae): a protected but occasionally harmful species

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 April 2017

L.M. Torres-Vila
L.M. Torres-Vila*
Affiliation:
Servicio de Sanidad Vegetal, Consejería de Medio Ambiente y Rural PAyT, Junta de Extremadura, Avda. Luis Ramallo s/n, 06800 Mérida, Badajoz, Spain
*
*Author for correspondence Fax: +34 924 00 22 80 Phone: +34 924 00 25 30 E-mail: luismiguel.torres@juntaex.es, luismiguel.torresvila@gmail.com
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Cerambyx cerdo (Cc) is a protected saproxylic beetle in Europe, although it is increasingly reported as an oak ‘pest’. Cc ecological features are relatively well known, but, its reproductive biology is still poorly understood. Hence, we investigated the reproductive traits of Cc under laboratory conditions. In females, body length was 44.1 ± 0.9 mm, 28–53 (mean ± SE, range); fecundity 143 ± 11 eggs, 33–347; fertility 78 ± 1%, 65–93; oviposition period 44 ± 3 days, 13–128 and longevity 59 ± 5 days, 16–157. Fecundity was positively correlated with female size, longevity and oviposition period. Daily fecundity was 3.5 ± 0.2 eggs/day, 0.9–6.5 showing a fluctuating synovigenic pattern with a slight decreasing trend over time. Egg length was 3.74 ± 0.01 mm, 2.3–6.0 and egg volume 5.45 ± 0.04 mm3, 2.4–9.6. Egg size was correlated with female size, but, the relative size of eggs was larger in smaller females. Incubation time was 13.5 ± 0.1 days, 7–28. Hatching was superior in larger eggs and neonate size was positively correlated to egg volume. Females were polyandrous (up to 19 matings), but, multiple mating did not enhance fecundity or fertility. In males, body length was 41.8 ± 0.8 mm, 29–53 and longevity 49 ± 3 days, 9–124. Male longevity was unrelated to body size. Males were polygynous (up to 16 matings) and mating number did not affect male longevity. Overall, females were larger and lived longer than males. Cc reproductive traits are compared with those other Cerambycidae, especially with the congeneric pest Cerambyx welensii. Our data may be valuable to improve the protection/management measures of Cc in dehesa woodlands and other oak forests.

Keywords

adult sizefecunditylongevityegg sizemating numbersaproxylic
Type
Research Papers
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 107 , Issue 6 , December 2017 , pp. 799 - 811
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aberlench, H.P. & Lentenois, P. (2003) Les insectes du bois de Païolive. pp. 55–72 in Holthof, J.F. & Schnetzler, J. (Eds) De Saint-Eugène en Paiolive. Montmélian, France, La Fontaine de Siloé.Google Scholar
Albert, J., Platek, M. & Cizek, L. (2012) Vertical stratification and microhabitat selection by the great capricorn beetle (Cerambyx cerdo) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in open-grown, veteran oaks. European Journal of Entomology 109, 553–559.Google Scholar
Allen, C.D., Macalady, A.K., Chenchouni, H., Bachelet, D., McDowell, N., Vennetier, M., Kitzberger, T., Rigling, A., Breshears, D.D., Hogg, E.H., Gonzalez, P., Fensham, R., Zhang, Z., Castro, J., Demidova, N., Lim, J.-H., Allard, G., Running, S.W., Semerci, A. & Cobb, N. (2010) A global overview of drought and heat-induced tree mortality reveals emerging climate change risks for forests. Forest Ecology and Management 259, 660–684.Google Scholar
Allison, J.D., Borden, J.H. & Seybold, S.J. (2004) A review of the chemical ecology of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera). Chemoecology 14, 123–150.Google Scholar
Andersen, J. & Nilssen, A.C. (1983) Intrapopulation size variation of free-living and tree-boring Coleoptera. Canadian Entomologist 115, 1453–1464.Google Scholar
Anon. (2015) Implementation of phytosanitary standards in forestry: Albania. pp. 1–10. Regional Workshop on Implementation of Phytosanitary Standards in Forestry. Nyíregyháza, Hungary, 9–11 June 2015. Rome, FAO.Google Scholar
Antonie, I. (2015) Study upon the species Ips typographus L. (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) in the Raşinari Forestry ecosystem, Sibiu county [Romania]. Scientific Papers Series Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development 15, 45–49.Google Scholar
Arnqvist, G. & Nilsson, T. (2000) The evolution of polyandry: multiple mating and female fitness in insects. Animal Behaviour 60, 145–164.Google Scholar
Avtzis, D.N. (2001) Control of the most dangerous insects of Greek forests and plantations. pp. 1–5 in Liebhold, A.M., McManus, M.L., Otvos, I.S. & Fosbroke, S.L.C. (Eds) Proceedings of Integrated Management and Dynamics of Forest Defoliating Insects. USDA Forest Service, General Technical Report NE-277. Philadelphia, USDA.Google Scholar
Bense, U. (1995) Longhorn Beetles: Illustrated Key to the Cerambycidae an Vesperidae of Europe. Weikersheim, Margraf Verlag.Google Scholar
Bouhraoua, R.T., Villemant, C., Khelil, M.A. & Bouchaour, S. (2002) Situation sanitaire de quelques subéraies de l'Ouest algérien: impact des xylophages. IOBC/WPRS Bulletin 25, 85–92.Google Scholar
Bugalho, M.N., Caldeira, M.C., Pereira, J.S., Aronson, J. & Pausas, J.G. (2011) Mediterranean cork oak savannas require human use to sustain biodiversity and ecosystem services. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 9, 278–286.Google Scholar
Buse, J., Schröder, B. & Assmann, T. (2007) Modelling habitat and spatial distribution of an endangered longhorn beetle – a case study for saproxylic insect conservation. Biological Conservation 137, 372–281.Google Scholar
Buse, J., Ranius, T. & Assmann, T. (2008 a) An endangered longhorn beetle associated with old oaks and its possible role as an ecosystem engineer. Conservation Biology 22, 329–337.Google Scholar
Buse, J., Zábranský, P. & Assmann, T. (2008 b) The xylobiontic beetle fauna of old oaks colonised by the endangered longhorn beetle Cerambyx cerdo Linnaeus, 1758 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Mitteilungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Allgemeine und Angewandte Entomologie 16, 109–112.Google Scholar
Bybee, L.F., Millar, J.G., Paine, T.D., Campbell, K. & Hanlon, C.C. (2004) Effects of temperature on fecundity and longevity of Phoracantha recurva and P. semipunctata (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Environmental Entomology 33, 138–146.Google Scholar
CE [Council of Europe] (1979) The Bern Convention (19 September 1979) on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats, Document 104. Strasbourg, Council of Europe.Google Scholar
CEC [Council of the European Communities] (1992) Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora [Habitats Directive]. Official Journal of the European Communities 35, 7–50.Google Scholar
Chakali, G., Attal-Bedreddine, A. & Ouzani, H. (2002) Les insectes ravageurs des chênes, Quercus suber et Q. ilex, en Algérie. IOBC/WPRS Bulletin 25, 93–100.Google Scholar
Clobert, J., Baguette, M., Benton, T.G. & Bullock, J.M. (2012) Dispersal Ecology and Evolution. Oxford, Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Contarini, E. (1984) Ricerche ecologiche e zoosociologiche sui Cerambycidae del ‘Boscone’ della Mesola (Delta Padano). Lavori della Società Veneziana di Scienze Naturali 9, 15–31.Google Scholar
Drag, L. & Cizek, L. (2015) Successful reintroduction of an endangered veteran tree specialist: conservation and genetics of the Great Capricorn beetle (Cerambyx cerdo). Conservation Genetics 16, 267–276.Google Scholar
Drag, L., Hauck, D., Pokluda, P., Zimmermann, K. & Cizek, L. (2011) Demography and dispersal ability of a threatened saproxylic beetle: a mark-recapture study of the Rosalia longicorn (Rosalia alpina). PLoS ONE 6(6). Available online at http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0021345Google Scholar
Drag, L., Kosnar, J. & Cizek, L. (2013) Development and characterization of ten polymorphic microsatellite loci for the Great Capricorn beetle (Cerambyx cerdo) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Conservation Genetics Resources 5, 907–909.Google Scholar
Duffy, E.A.J. (1953) A Monograph of the Immature Stages of British and Imported Timber Beetles (Cerambycidae). Norwich, Jarrold & Sons Ltd.Google Scholar
Dupont, P. & Zagatti, P. (2005) Cerambyx cerdo Linné, 1758. Paris. Available online at http://www7.inra.fr/opie-insectes/observatoire/coleos/cerambyx/c_cerdo.htmGoogle Scholar
EC [European Comission] (2007) Wildlife and Sustainable Farming Initiative. Species Report – Cerambyx cerdo. Bruxelles, European Commission-DG ENV.Google Scholar
El Antry, S. (1999) Biologie et dégâts de Cerambyx cerdo mirbecki Lucas (Coléoptere, Cerambycidae) en subéraie de la Mamora. IOBC/WPRS Bulletin 22, 59–64.Google Scholar
El Boukhari, E.M., Brhadda, N. & Gmira, N. (2015) Un regard rétrospectif sur la gestion antérieure et sur les principaux résultats acquis de la régénération du chêne liège (Quercus suber L.) dans la Maâmora (Maroc occidental). International Journal of Multi-Disciplinary Sciences 1, 30–37.Google Scholar
Escherich, K. (1923) Die Forstinsekten Mitteleuropas Band II. Berlin, Verlag Paul Parey.Google Scholar
Evans, H.F., Moraal, L.G. & Pajares, J.A. (2004) Biology, ecology and economic importance of Buprestidae and Cerambycidae. pp. 447–474 in Lieutier, F., Day, K.R., Battisti, A., Grégoire, J.-C. & Evans, H.F. (Eds) Bark and Wood Boring Insects in Living Trees in Europe, a Synthesis. Dordrecht, Springer.Google Scholar
Farashiani, E., Yarmand, H., Tavakoli, M., Sedghian, B., Al-Mansoor, H. & Ahmadi, S.M.M. (2005) An introducing to important xylophagous pests (long horn beetles) of Iran. Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Science Research 20, 207–236.Google Scholar
Gavrilita, P. & Druta, A. (2010) Moldova. pp. 107–125 in Mátyás, C. (Ed) Forests and Climate Change in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Forests and Climate Change working paper 8. Rome, FAO.Google Scholar
Gentry, J.W. (1965) Crop Insects of Northeast Africa-Southwest Asia, Agriculture Handbook 273. Washington, USDA.Google Scholar
Gillot, C. (2003) Male accessory gland secretions: modulators of female reproductive physiology and behavior. Annual Review of Entomology 48, 163–184.Google Scholar
González, E., Gallego, D., Lencina, J.L., Closa, S., Muntaner, A. & Núñez, L. (2010) Propuesta de una metodología para la determinación de los niveles de infestación por Cerambyx cerdo (Linnaeus 1758) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Evaluación de los niveles de infestación en Mallorca, año 2009. Boletín de Sanidad Vegetal Plagas 36, 157–163.Google Scholar
González, E., Núñez, L., Lencina, J.L. & Gallego, D. (2013) Evaluación de los niveles de infestación y medidas de control de Cerambyx cerdo (Linnaeus, 1758) en Mallorca (Islas Baleares). pp. 1–12 in Sociedad Española de Ciencias Forestales (Ed) Sexto Congreso Forestal Español. Vitoria-Gasteiz, 10–14 June 2013. Madrid, SECF.Google Scholar
González-Peña, C.F., Vives-Noguera, E. & de Sousa-Zuzarte, A.J. (2007) Nuevo Catálogo de los Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) de la Península Ibérica, Islas Baleares e Islas Atlánticas: Canarias, Açores y Madeira, Monografías SEA Vol. 12. Zaragoza, Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa.Google Scholar
Grove, S.J. (2002) Saproxylic insect ecology and the sustainable management of forests. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 33, 1–23.Google Scholar
Hanks, L.M. (1999) Influence of the larval host plant on reproductive strategies of cerambycid beetles. Annual Review of Entomology 44, 483–505.Google Scholar
Hanks, L.M., Paine, T.D. & Millar, J.G. (2005) Influence of the larval environment on performance and adult body size of the wood-boring beetle Phoracantha semipunctata. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 114, 25–34.Google Scholar
Hernández, J.M. (1991) Estudio de los caracteres del huevo en diversos Cerambycidae ibéricos y su interés taxonómico (Coleoptera). Graellsia 47, 49–59.Google Scholar
Holland, J.D. (2009) Dispersal kernel determines symmetry of spread and geographical range for an insect. International Journal of Ecology 2009, Article ID 167278.Google Scholar
Honěk, A. (1993) Intraspecific variation in body size and fecundity in insects: a general relationship. Oikos 66, 483–492.Google Scholar
Hopper, K.R. (1999) Risk-spreading and bet-hedging in insect population biology. Annual Review of Entomology 44, 535–560.Google Scholar
IUCN [International Union for Conservation of Nature] (2010) Cerambyx cerdo. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010: e.T4166A10502932. Cambridge. Available online at http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/4166/1 (accessed 27 October 2016).Google Scholar
Iwabuchi, K. (1988) Mating behavior of Xylotrechus pyrrhoderus Bates (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). IV. Mating frequency, fecundity, fertility, and longevity. Applied Entomology and Zoology 23, 127–134.Google Scholar
Jikumaru, S., Togashi, K., Taketsune, A. & Takahashi, F. (1994) Oviposition biology of Monochamus saltuarius (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) at a constant temperature. Applied Entomology and Zoology 29, 555–561.Google Scholar
Kato, K., Yamada, H. & Shibata, E.I. (2000) Role of female adult size in reproductive fitness of Semanotus japonicus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Applied Entomology and Zoology 35, 327–331.Google Scholar
Keena, M.A. (2002) Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) fecundity and longevity under laboratory conditions: comparison of populations from New York and Illinois on Acer saccharum. Environmental Entomology 31, 490–498.Google Scholar
Keena, M.A. (2006) Effects of temperature on Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) adult survival, reproduction, and egg hatch. Environmental Entomology 35, 912–921.Google Scholar
Koutroumpa, F.A., Vincent, B., Roux-Morabito, G., Martín, C. & Lieutier, F. (2008) Fecundity and larval development of Monochamus galloprovincialis (Coleoptera Cerambycidae) in experimental breeding. Annals of Forest Science 65, 707–717.Google Scholar
Lawrence, W.S. (1990) Effects of body size and repeated matings on female milkweed beetle (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) reproductive success. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 83, 1096–1100.Google Scholar
Linsley, E.G. (1959) Ecology of Cerambycidae. Annual Review of Entomology 4, 99–138.Google Scholar
Lupi, D., Jucker, C., Rocco, A., Harrison, R. & Colombo, M. (2015) Notes on biometric variability in invasive species: the case of Psacothea hilaris hilaris. Bulletin of Insectology 68, 135–145.Google Scholar
Marovic, R. (1973) Razvice velike hrastove strizibube Cerambyx cerdo L. u laboratorijskim uslovima. Acta Entomologica Jugoslavica 9, 3–11.Google Scholar
Martín, J., Cabezas, J., Buyolo, T. & Patón, D. (2005) The relationship between Cerambyx spp. damage and subsequent Biscogniauxia mediterranum infection on Quercus suber forests. Forest Ecology and Management 216, 166–174.Google Scholar
Matsiakh, I. (2014) Assessment of Forest Pests and Diseases in Protected Areas of Georgia. Tbilisi. Available online at http://www.enpi-fleg.org/site/assets/files/1939/fleg_ii_assessment_of_forest_pests_and_diseases_in_protected_areas_of_georgia_final_report_draft.pdf (accessed 27 October 2016).Google Scholar
Matsumoto, K. & Irianto, R.S.B. (1998) Adult biology of the albizia borer, Xystrocera festiva Thomson (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), based on laboratory breeding, with particular reference to its oviposition schedule. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 10, 367–378.Google Scholar
Matsumoto, K., Santosa, S., Nazmulah, X. & Irianto, R.S.B. (1996) Biology of the green lined albizia longicorn, Xystrocera globosa Olivier (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), from Sumatra, based on laboratory breeding. Tropics 6, 79–89.Google Scholar
Michalcewicz, J. & Ciach, M. (2012) Biometry of adult Rosalia longicorn Rosalia alpina (L.) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from the Polish Carpathians: a preliminary study. Polish Journal of Entomology 81, 311–320.Google Scholar
Millar, J.G., Paine, T.D., Joyce, A.L. & Hanks, L.M. (2003) The effects of Eucalyptus pollen on longevity and fecundity of Eucalyptus longhorned borers (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 96, 370–376.Google Scholar
MMA [Ministerio de Medio Ambiente] (2006) Cerambyx cerdo. Madrid. Available online at http://www.magrama.gob.es/es/biodiversidad/publicaciones/CERAMBYXCERDO_tcm7-20362.pdf (accessed 27 October 2016).Google Scholar
Montero, G., San Miguel, A. & Cañellas, I. (1998) Sistemas de silvicultura mediterránea. La dehesa. pp. 519–554 in Jiménez-Díaz, R.M. & Lamo de Espinosa, J. (Eds) Agricultura Sostenible. Madrid, Agrofuturo, Life and Mundi-Prensa.Google Scholar
Morales-Rodríguez, C., Sánchez-González, Á., Conejo-Rodríguez, Y. & Torres-Vila, L.M. (2015) First record of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Ascomycota: Clavicipitaceae) infecting Cerambyx welensii (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) and pathogenicity tests using a new bioassay method. Biocontrol Science and Technology 25, 1213–1219.Google Scholar
Morgan, F.D. (1960) The comparative biologies of certain New Zealand Cerambycidae. New Zealand Entomologist 2, 26–34.Google Scholar
Peris-Felipo, F.J., Bernués-Bañeres, A., Pérez-Laorga-Arias, E. & Jiménez-Peydró, R. (2010) Novedades en la distribución de Cerambyx cerdo L. 1758 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) en bosques mediterráneos de la Comunidad Valenciana (España). Boletín de la Asociacion Española de Entomología 34, 235–239.Google Scholar
Pujade-Villar, J., Grami, M. & Ben Jamâa, M.L. (2010) The gall wasp Plagiotrochus amenti potentially dangerous for the cork oak found for the first time in Tunisia. Tunisian Journal of Plant Protection 5, 225–230.Google Scholar
Ramírez-Hernández, A., Micó, E., Marcos-García, M.A., Brustel, H. & Galante, E. (2014) The “dehesa”, a key ecosystem in maintaining the diversity of Mediterranean saproxylic insects (Coleoptera and Diptera: Syrphidae). Biodiversity and Conservation 23, 2069–2087.Google Scholar
Ranius, T. (2006) Measuring the dispersal of saproxylic insects: a key characteristic for their conservation. Population Ecology 48, 177–188.Google Scholar
Ratzeburg, J.T.C. (1839) Die Forst-Insecten. Berlin, N. Buchhandlung.Google Scholar
Rudnev, D.F. (1936) Der grosse Eichenbock, Cerambyx cerdo L., seine Lebensweise, wirtschaftliche Bedeutung und Bekämpfung. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie 22, 61–96.Google Scholar
Rudnev, D.F. (1957) The Large Oak Longhorned Beetle in Forests of Soviet Union [in Russian]. Kiev, Academy of Sciences of Ukrainian SSR.Google Scholar
Sallé, A., Nageleisen, L.M. & Lieutier, F. (2014) Bark and wood boring insects involved in oak declines in Europe: current knowledge and future prospects in a context of climate change. Forest Ecology and Management 328, 79–93.Google Scholar
Sama, G. (2013) Fauna Europaea: Cerambycidae. in Audisio, P. (Ed) Fauna Europaea: Coleoptera 2. Berlin, Fauna Europaea, version 2.6. Available online at http://www.fauna-eu.org/ (accessed 27 October 2016).Google Scholar
Sama, G., Buse, J., Orbach, E., Friedman, A.L.L., Rittner, O. & Chikatunov, V. (2010) A new catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of Israel with notes on their distribution and host plants. Munis Entomology and Zoology 5, 1–51.Google Scholar
Shibata, E.I. (1987) Oviposition schedules, survivorship curves, and mortality factors within trees of two cerambycid beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), the Japanese pine sawyer, Monochamus alternatus Hope, and sugi bark borer, Semanotus japonicus Lacordaire. Researches on Population Ecology 29, 347–367.Google Scholar
Smith, M.T., Bancroft, J. & Tropp, J. (2002) Age-specific fecundity of Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) on three tree species infested in the United States. Environmental Entomology 31, 76–83.Google Scholar
Sokal, R.R. & Rohlf, F.J. (1995) Biometry. New York, Freeman & Co.Google Scholar
Speight, M.C.D. (1989) Saproxylic Invertebrates and Their Conservation. Nature and Environment Series 46. Strasbourg, Council of Europe.Google Scholar
Stalev, Z. & Aleksandrov, M. (2014) Studies on the species composition of the secondary pests invading the deciduous sylvicultures in the mountain of Strandzha [in Bulgarian]. Science and Technologies 4, 250–252.Google Scholar
Starzyk, J.R. & Strojny, W. (1985) The morphological variability of adults of the great capricorn beetle, Cerambyx cerdo L. (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Polish Journal of Entomology 55, 491–504.Google Scholar
Stearns, S.C. (1977) The evolution of life-history traits: a critique of the theory and a review of the data. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 8, 145–171.Google Scholar
Systat (2000) Systat 10.0. The System for Statistics. Richmond, CA, Systat Software Inc.Google Scholar
Szujecki, A. (1987) Ecology of Forest Insects. Dordrecht, W. Junk.Google Scholar
Thomas, C.D. (2000) Dispersal and extinction in fragmented landscapes. Proceedings of the Royal Society – Biological Sciences 267, 139–145.Google Scholar
Togashi, K. (1997) Lifetime fecundity and body size of Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) at a constant temperature. Japanese Journal of Entomology 65, 458–470.Google Scholar
Togashi, K. (2007) Lifetime fecundity and female body size in Paraglenea fortunei (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Applied Entomology and Zoology 42, 549–556.Google Scholar
Togashi, K., Akita, Y., Nakane, I., Shibata, Y. & Nakai, I. (1997) Relatively larger eggs produced by smaller females of Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Applied Entomology and Zoology 32, 264–266.Google Scholar
Togashi, K., Appleby, J.E., Oloumi-Sadeghi, H. & Malek, R.B. (2009) Age-specific survival rate and fecundity of adult Monochamus carolinensis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) under field conditions. Applied Entomology and Zoology 44, 249–256.Google Scholar
Torres-Vila, L.M. (2013) Polyandry-fecundity relationship in insects: methodological and conceptual problems. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 26, 325–334.Google Scholar
Torres-Vila, L.M. & Rodríguez-Molina, M.C. (2002) Egg size variation and its relationship with larval performance in the Lepidoptera: the case of the European grapevine moth Lobesia botrana. Oikos 99, 272–283.Google Scholar
Torres-Vila, L.M., Rodríguez-Molina, M.C. & Jennions, M.D. (2004) Polyandry and fecundity in the Lepidoptera: can methodological and conceptual approaches bias outcomes? Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 55, 315–324.Google Scholar
Torres-Vila, L.M., Sánchez-González, Á., Ponce-Escudero, F., Martín-Vertedor, D. & Ferrero-García, J.J. (2012 a) Assessing mass trapping efficiency and population density of Cerambyx welensii Küster by mark-recapture in dehesa open woodlands. European Journal of Forest Research 131, 1103–1116.Google Scholar
Torres-Vila, L.M., Cruces Caldera, E. & Rodríguez-Molina, M.C. (2012 b) Host plant selects for egg size in the moth Lobesia botrana: integrating reproductive and ecological trade-offs is not a simple matter. pp. 145–167 in Cauterruccio, L. (Ed) Moths: Types, Ecological Significance and Control Methods. Hauppauge, USA, Nova Science.Google Scholar
Torres-Vila, L.M., Sánchez-González, Á., Merino-Martínez, J., Ponce-Escudero, F., Conejo-Rodríguez, Y., Martín-Vertedor, D. & Ferrero-García, J.J. (2013) Mark-recapture of Cerambyx welensii in dehesa woodlands: dispersal behaviour, population density, and mass trapping efficiency with low trap densities. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 149, 273–281.Google Scholar
Torres-Vila, L.M., Zugasti, C., De-Juan, J.M., Oliva, M.J., Montero, C., Mendiola, F.J., Conejo, Y., Sánchez, Á., Fernández, F., Ponce, F. & Espárrago, G. (2015) Mark-recapture of Monochamus galloprovincialis with semiochemical-baited traps: population density, attraction distance, flight behaviour and mass trapping efficiency. Forestry 88, 224–236.Google Scholar
Torres-Vila, L.M., Mendiola-Diaz, F.J., Conejo-Rodríguez, Y. & Sánchez-González, Á. (2016) Reproductive traits and number of matings in males and females of Cerambyx welensii (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) an emergent pest of oaks. Bulletin of Entomological Research 106, 292–303.Google Scholar
Torres-Vila, L.M., Mendiola-Diaz, F.J. & Sánchez-González, Á. (2017) Dispersal differences of a pest and a protected Cerambyx species (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in oak open woodlands: a mark–recapture comparative study. Ecological Entomology 42, 18–32.Google Scholar
Villemant, C. & Fraval, A. (1993) La faune entomologique du chêne-liège en forêt de la Mamora (Maroc). Ecologia Mediterranea 19, 89–98.Google Scholar
Vitali, F. (2001) Description des œufs des espèces françaises du genre Cerambyx (première contribution à l’étude des œufs des longicornes) (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Cerambycinae). Les Cahiers Magellanes 4, 1–14.Google Scholar
Vives, E. (2000) Coleoptera Cerambycidae. Fauna Ibérica Vol. 12. Madrid, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC).Google Scholar
Walczyńska, A. (2008) Female reproductive strategy in the longhorned beetle Corymbia rubra (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Norwegian Journal of Entomology 55, 25–30.Google Scholar
Walczyńska, A., Dańko, M. & Kozlowski, J. (2010) The considerable adult size variability in wood feeders is optimal. Ecological Entomology 35, 16–24.Google Scholar
Wang, Q., Shi, G. & Davis, L.K. (1998) Reproductive potential and daily reproductive rhythms of Oemona hirta (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 91, 1360–1365.Google Scholar
Wang, Q., Shi, G., Song, D., Rogers, D.J., Davis, L.K. & Chen, X. (2002) Development, survival, body weight, longevity, and reproductive potential of Oemena hirta (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) under different rearing conditions. Journal of Economic Entomology 95, 563–569.Google Scholar
Wilson, R.J. & Maclean, I.M.D. (2011) Recent evidence for the climate change threat to Lepidoptera and other insects. Journal of Insect Conservation 15, 256–268.Google Scholar
Yumino, M. & Togashi, K. (2015) Large variation in length of egg period in Psacothea hilaris (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Applied Entomology and Zoology 50, 49–55.Google Scholar