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Possible selective advantage of Anopheles spp. (Diptera: Culicidae) with the oxidase- and acetylcholinesterase-based insecticide resistance genes after exposure to organophosphates or an insect growth regulator in Sri Lankan rice fields

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

J. Hemingway ,
B. C. Bonning ,
K. G. I. Jayawardena ,
I. S. Weerasinghe ,
P. R. J. Herath  and
H. Oouchi
J. Hemingway
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street (Gower Street), London, WC1E 7HT, UK
B. C. Bonning
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street (Gower Street), London, WC1E 7HT, UK
K. G. I. Jayawardena
Affiliation:
Anti-Malaria Campaign, PO Box 1472, Narahenpita, Colombo 5, Sri Lanka
I. S. Weerasinghe
Affiliation:
Anti-Malaria Campaign, PO Box 1472, Narahenpita, Colombo 5, Sri Lanka
P. R. J. Herath
Affiliation:
Anti-Malaria Campaign, PO Box 1472, Narahenpita, Colombo 5, Sri Lanka
H. Oouchi
Affiliation:
Sumitomo Chemical Co, 15, 5-Chrome, Kitahama, Higashi-ku, Osaka, Japan
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Abstract

Treatment of rice fields in Sri Lanka with monocrotophos at 10 mg/litre or pirimiphos-methyl at 0·1 mg/litre gave a selective advantage to larvae of Anopheles subpictus Grassi and A. nigerrimus Giles carrying the oxidase- and acetylcholinesterase-based resistance genes, respectively. However, this selective advantage was apparent for less than ten days after spraying. There was no mortality of any larval instar with monocrotophos 12 days after spraying, and no fourth-instar larval mortality with pirimiphos-methyl 17 days after spraying. The chemical degredation curves for these compounds indicated that this short duration of efficacy was due to the instability of the compounds in water under field conditions. In contrast, the new growth regulator S-31183 (2-[1-methy1-2-(4-phenoxyphenoxy)ethoxy]pyridine) sprayed at 0·1 mg/litre conferred no selective advantage to larvae with either resistance mechanism and had a total efficacy period of at least 71 days. This difference can be attributed to the greater toxicity of the growth regulator and its slower chemical degradation under field conditions when compared to the organophosphates.

Type
Original Article
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 78 , Issue 3 , September 1988 , pp. 471 - 478
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1988

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References

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