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Negative per capita effects of two invasive plants, Lythrum salicaria and Phalaris arundinacea, on the moth diversity of wetland communities

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 October 2008

S.S. Schooler ,
P.B. McEvoy ,
P. Hammond  and
E.M. Coombs
S.S. Schooler*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331, USA
P.B. McEvoy
Affiliation:
Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331, USA
P. Hammond
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331, USA
E.M. Coombs
Affiliation:
Noxious Weed Control Program, Oregon Department of Agriculture, Salem, Oregon, 97301, USA
*
*Author for correspondence Fax: +61 07 3214 2885 E-mail: shon.schooler@csiro.au
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Abstract

Invasive plants have been shown to negatively affect the diversity of plant communities. However, little is known about the effect of invasive plants on the diversity at other trophic levels. In this study, we examine the per capita effects of two invasive plants, purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria) and reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea), on moth diversity in wetland communities at 20 sites in the Pacific Northwest, USA. Prior studies document that increasing abundance of these two plant species decreases the diversity of plant communities. We predicted that this reduction in plant diversity would result in reduced herbivore diversity. Four measurements were used to quantify diversity: species richness (S), community evenness (J), Brillouin's index (H) and Simpson's index (D). We identified 162 plant species and 156 moth species across the 20 wetland sites. The number of moth species was positively correlated with the number of plant species. In addition, invasive plant abundance was negatively correlated with species richness of the moth community (linear relationship), and the effect was similar for both invasive plant species. However, no relationship was found between invasive plant abundance and the three other measures of moth diversity (J, H, D) which included moth abundance in their calculation. We conclude that species richness within, and among, trophic levels is adversely affected by these two invasive wetland plant species.

Keywords

community structureenvironmental impactexotic plantherbivoreLepidopteramothnon-indigenous speciesintroduced alien plantper-capita impactweed
Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 99 , Issue 3 , June 2009 , pp. 229 - 243
Copyright
Copyright © 2008 Cambridge University Press

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