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Linear patterns of dispersal and build up of the introduced parasitoid Microctonus hyperodae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in Canterbury, New Zealand

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

S.L. Goldson ,
J.R. Proffitt ,
M.R. McNeill  and
D.B. Baird
S.L. Goldson*
Affiliation:
AgResearch, Gerald Street, PO Box 60, Lincoln, New Zealand
J.R. Proffitt
Affiliation:
AgResearch, Gerald Street, PO Box 60, Lincoln, New Zealand
M.R. McNeill
Affiliation:
AgResearch, Gerald Street, PO Box 60, Lincoln, New Zealand
D.B. Baird
Affiliation:
AgResearch, Gerald Street, PO Box 60, Lincoln, New Zealand
*
* Fax: 64 3 325 6904 E-mail: goldsons@agresearch.cri.nz
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Abstract

The dispersal of Microctonus hyperodae Loan, an introduced parasitoid of the South American grassland pest Listronotus bonariensis Kuschel, was measured in Canterbury, New Zealand. Considering all directions, the mean annual dispersive increment was 1.9 ± 0.9 km year–1 as measured in the winters of 1993, 1994 and 1995. The parasitoid’s ground distribution suggested that its movement was biased towards the south-west indicating probable wind-borne dispersal. The overall relatively low rate of dispersal was thought to be related to the inhibitory effects of M. hyperodae parasitism on L. bonariensisflight. A generalized linear model fitted to percentage of L. bonariensisparasitized took a simple form, with a quadratic increase in weevil infection, that with time, gradually decreased. The build-up of parasitism at the release site was significantly greater than the rates at the other sites measured in this study (P< 0.001) with a ratio of release site: dispersal site rates of 1.33: 1. The simplicity of the fitted generalized linear model indicated remarkable uniformity in both parasitism build-up and dispersal from one year to the next; this finding indicated that all dispersal was ‘natural’ and unassisted by human activity. Despite such modest dispersal rates, by the winter of 1996, five years after its release, the parasitoid had spread geometrically over an area of c. 140 km2.

Type
Research Article
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 89 , Issue 4 , April 1999 , pp. 347 - 353
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1999

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