Hostname: page-component-7bb8b95d7b-wpx69 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-09-18T08:30:38.235Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Field evaluation of gossyplure, the synthetic sex pheromone of Pectinophora gossypiella (saund.) (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in Malawi

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

R. J. Marks
R. J. Marks
Affiliation:
Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Makoka Research Station, Private Bag 3, Thondwe, Malawi
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The synthetic sex attractant of the pink bollworm of cotton, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saund.) (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae), is a mixture of (Z, Z) and (Z, E)-7, 11-hexadecadien-l-ol acetate, referred to as gossyplure (Hummel et al., 1973). Field trials in the Lower Shire Valley, Malawi, have shown that of various mixtures tested, 55–60% of the (Z,Z) isomer in a mixture of the two acetates gives maximum field attraction. The catches of both pink bollworm males and males of the red bollworm of cotton, Diparopsis castanea Hmps., in pheromone traps are not affected by the release of mixtures of the pheromones of both species together. Dual-purpose sex pheromone traps may therefore be used to monitor both pest species at the same time. A simple omnidirectional flat disc trap is as efficient in trapping pink bollworm males as more complex designs. Release of gossyplure from a sealed 2·5 ml polyethylene vial or from a Zoecon beem-polyethylene vial is more efficient than from narrow-bore teflon capillary. Presence of the antioxidant 2,6-di-tert-butyl-P-cresol at 8·4% w/w gossyplure does not increase the attractive life of the pheromone in the field. Considerable numbers of the Angoumois grain moth Sitotroga cerealella (Ol.) (Tineidae), together with a new species of gelechiid, were occasionally caught by gossyplure lures in cotton fields. Catches of pink bollworm are not influenced by moonlight or trap colour but are significantly influenced by trap area. Maximum catches of males occur between midnight and 04.00 h in June and between 01.00 and 05.00 h in August.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 66 , Issue 2 , June 1976 , pp. 267 - 278
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1976

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bierl, B. A., Beroza, M., Staten, R.T., Sonnet, P. E. & Adler, V. E. (1974). The pink bollworm sex attractant.—J. econ. Ent. 67, 211–216.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Graham, H. M. (1973). Hourly response of laboratory-reared and native male pink bollworms to traps baited with hexalure.—Environ. Entomol. 2, 965.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, N., Jacobson, M. & Keller, J. C. (1969). Hexalure, an insect sex attractant discovered by empirical screening.—Experientia, 25, 682–683.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Green, N., Warthen, J. D. Jr. & Mangum, C. L. (1971). Analysis of hexalure as related to its attractancy to pink bollworm moths.—J. econ. Ent. 64, 1381–1384.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hummel, H. E., Gaston, L. K., Shorey, H.H., Kaae, R. S., Byrne, R. S. & Silverstein, R. M. (1973). Clarification of the chemical status of the pink bollworm sex pheromone.—Science, N.Y. 181, 873–875.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kaae, R. S., McLaughlin, J. R., Shorey, H. H. & Gaston, L. K. (1972). Sex pheromones of Lepidoptera. XXXII. Disruption of intraspecific pheromone communication in various species of Lepidoptera by permeation of the air with looplure or hexalure.—Environ. Entomol. 1, 651–653.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keller, J.C, Sheets, L. W., Green, N. & Jacobson, M. (1969). Cis-7-hexadecen-l-ol acetate (hexalure), a synthetic sex attractant for pink bollworm males.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 1520–1521.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Klun, J. A. & Brindly, T. A. (1970). cis-11-tetradecenyl acetate, a sex stimulant of the European corn borer.—J. econ. Ent. 63, 779–780.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Klun, J. A. & Robinson, J. F. (1971). European corn borer moth: sex attractant and sex attractant inhibitors.—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 64, 1083–1086.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ouye, M. T. & Butt, B. A. (1962). A natural sex lure extracted from female pink bollworms.—J. econ. Ent. 55, 419–421.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roelofs, W. L., CardÉ, R.T., Bartell, R. J. & Tierney, P. G. (1972). Sex attractant trapping of the European corn borer in New York.—Environ. Entomol. 1, 606–608.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roelofs, W. L. & CardÉ, R. T. (1974). Sex pheromones in the reproductive isolation of lepidopterous species.—In Birch, M. C.Ed. Pheromones, pp. 96–114. Amsterdam, North-Holland Publishing Co.Google Scholar
Sharma, R. K., Rice, R. E., Reynolds, H. T. & Shorey, H. H. (1971). Seasonal influence and effect of trap location on catches of pink bollworm males in sticky traps baited with hexalure.—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 64, 102–105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shorey, H. H., Kaae, R. S. & Gaston, L. K. (1974). Sex pheromones of Lepidoptera. Development of a method for pheromonal control of Pectinophora gossypiella in cotton.—J. econ. Ent. 67, 347–350.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Toscano, N.C., Mueller, A. J., Sevacherian, V., Sharma, R. K.Niilus, T. & Reynolds, H. T. (1974). Insecticide applications based on hexalure trap catches versus automatic schedule treatments for pink bollworm moth control.—J. econ. Ent. 67, 522–524.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vick, K. W., Su, H. C. F., Sower, L. L., Mahoney, P. G. & Drummond, P. C. (1974). Isolation and identification of the sex pheromone of the Angoumois grain moth Sitotroga cerealella (Oliver).—Experientia (Basel), 30, 17–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar