Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-tn8tq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-21T05:20:41.807Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

An unconventional use of piperonyl butoxide for managing the cotton whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

G.J. Devine  and
I. Denholm
G.J. Devine*
Affiliation:
Biological and Ecological Chemistry Department, IACR-Rothamsted, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, UK
I. Denholm
Affiliation:
Biological and Ecological Chemistry Department, IACR-Rothamsted, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, UK
*
*Department of Zoology, Aberdeen University, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ. Fax: 01224 272396 E-mail: greg.devine@abdn.ac.uk
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is a pest of global importance which resists many conventional insecticides. Novel strategies for control are required and these may incorporate compounds whose lethal and sublethal effects have gone unremarked. Although most commonly employed as an insecticide synergist, piperonyl butoxide alone was lethal to predominantly second instar nymphs of the cotton whitefly, B. tabaci at LC50s of between 60 and 600 ppm, depending on the strain. Formulated and technical material were similarly toxic and far more so than detergents. Some strains exhibited slight tolerance (c. 3–10 fold) but there was no correlation of this with the presence of known resistance mechanisms or enzyme banding patterns. Residues of piperonyl butoxide alone were toxic to adult B. tabaci at c. 2000 ppm which was similar to the toxicity of paraffin oil. Piperonyl butoxide also increased developmental times among B. tabaci nymphs at doses as low as 10 ppm and exerted a transient effect on oviposition. There was strong evidence that it did not reduce the feeding activity of insects surviving treatment. Such effects offer scope for incorporating this compound into resistance management programmes, especially in conjunction with natural enemies (e.g, parasitoids active specifically against immature hosts).

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 88 , Issue 6 , December 1998 , pp. 601 - 610
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1998

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bowers, W.S. (1968) Juvenile hormone: activity of natural and synthetic synergists. Science 168, 895–897.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bull, D.L. & Meola, R.W. (1994) Efficacy and toxicodynamics of pyriproxifen after treatment of insecticide-susceptible and resistant strains of the housefly (Diptera; Muscidae) Journal of Economic Entomology 87, 1407–1415.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Byrne, F.J., Cahill, M., Denholm, I. & Devonshire, A.L. (1994) A biochemical and toxicological study of the role of insensitive acetylcholinesterase in organophosphate resistant Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera; Aleyrodidae) from Israel. Bulletin of Entomological Research 84, 179–184.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cahill, M., Byrne, F.J., Gorman, K., Denholm, I. & Devonshire, A.L. (1995) Pyrethroid and organophosphate resistance in the tobacco whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera; Aleyrodidae) Bulletin of Entomological Research 85, 181–187.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Castaner, M., Garrido, A., Busto, T. & Del Malagon, J. (1989) Effecto de diversos insecticidas en laboratorio sobre la mortilidad de los estados inmaduros de la mosca blanca algodonsa Aleurothrixus floccosus (Mask.) e incidencia sobre el insecto util Cales noacki (How). Investigacion Agraria Production y Proteccwn Vegetales 4, 420–423.Google Scholar
Costa, H.S. & Brown, J.K. (1991) Variation in biological characteristics and esterase patterns among populations of Bemisia tabaci, and the association of one population with silverleaf symptom induction. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 61, 211–219.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Denholm, I., Byrne, F.J., Cahill, M. & Devonshire, A.L. (1996) Progress with documenting and combating insecticide resistance in Bemisia. pp. 577–603 in Gerling, D. & Mayer, R.T. (Eds) Bemisia: 1995. Taxonomy, biology, damage, control and management. Andover, UK, Intercept Ltd.Google Scholar
Farnham, A.W. (1973) Genetics of resistance in pyrethroid selected houseflies Musca domestica. Pesticide Science 4, 513–520.Google Scholar
Farnham, A.W., Sawicki, R.M. & White, J.C. (1986) The response of resistant houseflies to a synergised and unsynergised N-alkylamide. Proceedings of the British Crop Protection Conference 2, 645–649.Google Scholar
Garrido, A., Castaner, M., Busto, T. & Del Malagon, J. (1990) Toxicidad de diversos plaguicidas sobre los estados immaduros de Aleurothrixus floccosus (Mask.) e incidencia sobre el insecto util Cales noacki (How.) Boletin de Sanidad Vegetal Plagas 16, 173–181.Google Scholar
Gunning, R.V., Moores, G. & Devonshire, A.L. (1998) The inhibition of resistance related esterases by piperonyl butoxide in Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae). in Glynne-Jones, D. (Ed.) Piperonyl butoxide: the insecticide synergis London, Academic Press.Google Scholar
Heist, D. & Henderson, G. (1995) Piperonyl butoxide reduces feeding in formosan termites. LPCA News(Louisiana State University) 30–31.Google Scholar
Horowitz, R.A., Forer, G. & Ishaaya, I. (1994) Managing resistance in Bemisia tabaci in Israel with emphasis on cotton. Pesticide Science 42,113–122.Google Scholar
Hung, C.F. & Sun, C.N. (1989) Microsomal monooxygenases in diamondback moth larvae resistant to fenvalerate and piperonyl butoxide. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 33, 168–175.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kennaugh, L., Pearce, D., Daly, J.C. & Hobbs, A.A. (1993) A piperonyl butoxide synergisable resistance to permethrin in Helicoverpa armigera which is not due to increased detoxification by cytochrome P450. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 45, 234–241.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kotze, A.C. & Sales, N. (1994) Cross resistance spectra and effects of synergists in insecticide resistant strains of Luciha cuprina (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Bulletin of Entomologica Research 84, 355–360.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levot, G.W. (1994) Pyrethroid synergism by piperonyl butoxide in Bovicola ovis (Schrank) (Phthiraptera: Trichodectidae) Journal of the Australian Entomological Society 33, 123–126.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mullin, C.A., Mason, C.H., Chou, J.C. & Linderman, J.R. (1992) Phytochemical antagonism of gamma-aminobutyric-acid based resistances in Diabrotica. ACS Symposium Series 505, 288–308.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Price, P.W., Bouton, C.E., Gross, P., McPheron, B.A., Thompson, J.N. & Weiss, A.E. (1980) Interactions among three trophic levels: influence of plants on interactions between insect herbivores and natural enemies. Annual Review of Ecological Systematics 11, 41–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Satoh, G.T. & Plapp, F.W. Jr. (1993) Use of juvenoids for management of cotton aphids and sweet-potato whitefly populations. Proceedings of the Beltwide Cotton Conferences, National Cotton Council, Memphis, Tennessee.Google Scholar
Satoh, G.T., Plapp, F.W. Jr. & Slosser, J.E. (1995) Potential of juvenoid insect growth regulators for management of cotton aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) Journal of Economic Entomology 88, 254–258.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sawicki, R.M. (1974) Genetics of resistance of a dimethoate selected strain of housefly (Musca domestica L.) to several insecticides and methylenedioxyphenyl synergists. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 22, 344–349.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schunter, C.A., Roulston, W.J. & Wharton, R.H. (1974) Toxicity of piperonyl butoxide to Boophilus microplus. Nature 249, 386Google Scholar
Stansly, P.A., Liu, T.X., Schuster, D.J. & Dean, D.E. (1996) Role of biorational compounds in management of Bemisia. pp. 605–616 in Gerling, D. & Mayer, R.T.. (Eds) Bemisia: 1995. Taxonomy, biology, damage, control and management. Andover, UK, Intercept Ltd.Google Scholar
Veierov, D. (1996) Physically and behaviourally active formulations for the control of Bemisia. pp. 557–576 in Gerling, D. & Mayer, R.T. (Eds) Bemisia: 1995. Taxonomy, biology, damage, control and management. Andover, UK, Intercept Ltd.Google Scholar
Winteringham, A.F.W., Harrison, A. & Bridges, P.M. (1955) Absorption and metabolism of [14C] pyrethroids by the adult housefly Musca domestica L., in vivo. Biochemistry Journal 61, 359–367.Google Scholar