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Effect of method of conservation on the n-alkane C31 concentration of two legumes and three temperate grasses

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 February 2018

M.R. Reyes-Reyes
Affiliation:
Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Depto. de Nutrición Animal y Bioquímica
S. E. Buntinx
Affiliation:
Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Depto. de Nutrición Animal y Bioquímica
F. S. Barajas-Torres
Affiliation:
Facultad de Química, Depto. de Química Orgánica Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. Universitaria 04510, Mexico
I. C. Gavilán-García
Affiliation:
Facultad de Química, Depto. de Química Orgánica Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. Universitaria 04510, Mexico
F.A. Castrejón-Pineda
Affiliation:
Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Depto. de Nutrición Animal y Bioquímica
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Summary

The objective of this study was to compare five methods of forage preservation (ice, dry ice, liquid-N, drying in newspaper, and sundried) on the concentration of the n-alkane C31 in Medicago sativa cv Puebla 76 (lucerne/alfalfa), Trifolium repens latum (white clover), Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass), Pennisetum clandestinum (kikuyu grass) and Dactylis glomerata (orchardgrass/cocksfoot). The sampled forages in ice and dry ice were kept in hermetically sealed plastic bags in a plastic cooler. The deep frozen samples were put into small plastic bags and submerged in liquid-N. The samples dried in newspaper were placed between sheets of newspaper, and put into hermetically sealed plastic bags. All these samples were taken to the laboratory and freeze-dried approximately 24 h later. The sun-dried samples were taken to the laboratory in newspaper and sun-dried for 48 h. The forage samples were ground and worked on in triplicate, extracted by the Soxhlet method (C34 n-alkane was used as standard and n-heptane as solvent), saponified, separated, purified and injected into a gas chromatograph. The data were analysed for variance as a randomised factorial (n=74). The comparison between means was by the Boneferroni test (P<0.05). The interaction between forage and method of conservation was significant P<0.0001). There were no differences between methods of conservation for white clover (mean 26mg C31/kg DM) or orchardgrass/cocksfoot (mean 31 mgC31/ kgDM). In comparison with liquid-N, (261 mgC31/kgDM), the other methods reduced the concentration of n-alkane in kikuyu grass by 27-35%. Sun and newspaper dried samples increased the concentration of C31 in alfalfa/lucerne by 6 and 15% respectively in comparison with freezing with liquid-N (291 mgC31/kgDM), while that frozen on ice reduced C31 by about 8%. This method, however, increased the ryegrass n-alkane by 12% in relation to liquid-N (169 mgC31/kgDM), but sun drying reduced it by about 40%. It is concluded that drying in liquid-N is the most reliable method for the conservation of samples for n-alkane analysis.

Resumen

Resumen

El objetivo del presente estudio fue comparar el efecto de cinco métodos de conservación de forraje (hielo, hielo seco, nitrogeno líquido, papel periódico y secado al sol) en la concentración del nalcano C31 en Medicago sativa cv Puebla 76 (alfalfa), Trifolium repens latum (trébol blanco), Lolium perenne (ryegrass), Pennisetum clandestinum (pasto kikuyu) y Dactylis glomerata (pasto orchard). Las muestras de forraje en hielo (H) o hielo seco (HS) se mantuvieron en bolsas de plástico con cierre hermético en una hielera. Las muestras “congeladas” se colocaron en bolsas de plástico pequeñas y se sumergieron en nitrógeno líquido (NL). Las muestras “secadas en papel” se colocaron entre hojas de papel periódico (PP) y se introdujeron en bolsas de plástico con cierre hermético. Todas estas muestras se transportaron al laboratorio y aproximadamente 24 horas después se liofilizaron. Las muestras “secadas al sol” (SS) se transportaron al laboratorio en papel periódico y se secaron al sol durante 48 horas. Las muestras de forraje se molieron y se trabajaron por triplicado, sometiéndolas a extracción en Soxhlet (se usó C34 como estándar interno y n-heptano como disolvente), saponificación, separación, purificación e inyección en cromatógrafo de gases. Los datos se analizaron a través de un análisis de varianza para un experimento completamente al azar en arreglo factorial (n=74). La comparación entre medias se realizó a través de la prueba de Bonferroni (P<0.05). La interacción forraje x método de conservación fue significativa (P<0.0001). No hubo diferencia entre los métodos de conservación para trébol blanco (media=26 mg C31/kg MS) o pasto orchard (media=31 mg/kg MS). En comparación con NL (261 mg C31/kg MS), los otros métodos disminuyeron la concentración del n-alcano en pasto kikuyu entre 27 y 35%. El SS y el secado en PP aumentaron la concentración de C31 en alfalfa en 6 y 15%, respectivamente, en comparación con la congelación en NL (291 mg/kg MS), mientras que el enfriamiento en H la disminuyó cerca de 8%. Este método, sin embargo, aumentó la concentración de C31 en ryegrass en 12% con respecto a la congelación en NL (169 mg/kg MS), pero el SS la disminuyó casi en 40%. Se concluye que la congelación en nitrógeno líquido parece ser el método más confiable de conservación de forrajes para el análisis de n-alcanos.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 2006

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