Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-jr42d Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-24T21:35:21.042Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Whole grain food intake elevates serum enterolactone

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

David R. Jacobs Jr ,
Mark A. Pereira ,
Katariina Stumpf ,
Joel J. Pins  and
Herman Adlercreutz
David R. Jacobs Jr*
Affiliation:
Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA Institute for Nutrition Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Mark A. Pereira
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School and Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
Katariina Stumpf
Affiliation:
Institute for Preventive Medicine, Nutrition, and Cancer, Folkhälsan Research Center, and Division of Clinical Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Finland
Joel J. Pins
Affiliation:
Department of Family Practice and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
Herman Adlercreutz
Affiliation:
Institute for Preventive Medicine, Nutrition, and Cancer, Folkhälsan Research Center, and Division of Clinical Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Finland
*
*Corresponding author:Dr David R. Jacobs Jr, fax +1 612 624 0315, email jacobs@epi.umn.edu
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Both intake of whole grain and higher levels of serum enterolactone have been related to reduced risk for CHD and some cancers. Because lignans are prevalent in the outer layers of grains, these findings may be related. We carried out a crossover feeding study in which overweight, hyperinsulinaemic, non-diabetic men (n 5) and women (n 6) ate, in random order, wholegrain foods or refined-grain foods in a diet with 30% energy from fat. The dominant whole grain was wheat, followed by oats and rice. All food was supplied by the investigators and each diet lasted for 6 weeks, with an intervening washout period of 6–9 weeks. Serum enterolactone concentrations were higher when eating the wholegrain than the refined-grain diet by 6·2 (within person SE 1·7) nmol/l (P=0·0008). Most of the increase in serum enterolactone when eating the wholegrain diet occurred within 2 weeks, though the serum enterolactone difference between wholegrain and refined-grain diets continued to increase through 6 weeks. Serum enterolactone concentrations can be raised by eating a diet rich in whole grains.

Keywords

Phyto-oestrogensFeeding studyWholegrain food
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 88 , Issue 2 , August 2002 , pp. 111 - 116
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2002

References

Adlercreutz, H, Fotsis, T, Bannwart, C, Wahala, K, Makela, T, Brunow, G & Hase, T (1986) Determination of urinary lignans and phytoestrogen metabolites, potential antiestrogens and anticarcinogens, in urine of women on various habitual diets. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry 25, 791–797.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Adlercreutz, H, Höckerstedt, K, Bannwart, C, Bloigu, S, Hamalainen, E, Fotsis, T & Ollus, A (1987) Effect of dietary components, including lignans and phytoestrogens, on enterohepatic circulation and liver metabolism of estrogens, and on sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG). Journal of Steroid Biochemistry 27, 1135–1144.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Adlercreutz, H, Wang, GJJ, Lapcik, O, Hampl, R, Wahala, K, Makela, T, Lusa, K, Talme, M & Mikola, H (1998) Time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay for plasma enterolactone. Analytical Biochemistry 265, 208–215.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Borriello, SP, Setchell, KDR, Axelson, M & Lawson, AM (1985) Production and metabolism of lignans by the human faecal flora. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 58, 37–43.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ford, JD, Davin, LB & Lewis, NG (1999) Plant lignans and health: cancer chemoprevention and biotechnological opportunities. Basic Life Science 66, 675–694.Google ScholarPubMed
Gerrior, S & Bente, L (2001) Nutrient Content of the US Food Supply, 1990–97. US Department of Agriculture, Report no. 54. Washington, DC: Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion.Google Scholar
Glitsø, LV, Mazur, WM, Adlercreutz, H, Wähälä, K, Mäkelä, T, Sandström, B & Bach Knudsen, KE (2000) Intestinal metabolism of rye lignans in pigs. British Journal of Nutrition 84, 429–437.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heinonen, S, Nurmi, T, Liukkonen, K, Poutanen, K, Wahala, K, Deyama, T, Nishibe, S & Adlercreutz, H (2001) In vitro metabolism of plant lignans: new precursors of mammalian lignans enterolactone and enterodiol. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 49, 3178–3186.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harris, JA & Benedict, FG (1919) A biometric study of basal metabolism in man. In Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 279. Washington DC: Carnegie InstitutionGoogle Scholar
Jacobs, DR, Meyer, KA, Kushi, LH & Folsom, AR (1998) Whole grain intake may reduce risk of coronary heart disease death in postmenopausal women: The Iowa Women's Health Study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 68, 248–257.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jacobs, DR, Meyer, KA, Kushi, LH & Folsom, AR (1999) Is whole grain intake associated with reduced total and cause-specific death rates in older women? The Iowa Women's Health Study. American Journal of Public Health 89, 322–329.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Juntunen, KS, Mazur, WM, Liukkonen, KH, Uehara, M, Poutanen, KS, Adlercreutz, HCT & Mykkänen, HM (2000) Consumption of wholemeal rye bread increases serum concentrations and urinary excretion of enterolactone compared with consumption of white wheat bread in healthy Finnish men and women. British Journal of Nutrition 84, 839–846.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kilkkinen, A, Pietinen, P, Klaukka, T, Virtamo, J, Korhonen, P & Adlercreutz, H (2002) Use of oral antimicrobials decreases serum enterolactone concentration. American Journal of Epidemiology 155, 472–477.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kilkkinen, A, Stumpf, K, Pietinen, P, Valsta, LM, Tapanainen, H & Adlercreutz, H (2001) Determinants of serum enterolactone concentration. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 73, 1094–1100.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Knekt, P, Adlercreutz, H, Rissanen, H, Aromaa, A, Teppo, L & Heliövaara, M (2000) Does antibacterial treatment for urinary tract infection contribute to the risk of breast cancer? British Journal of Cancer 82, 1107–1110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krauss, RM, Deckelbaum, RJ, Ernst, N, Fisher, E, Howard, BV, Knopp, RH, Kotchen, T, Lichtenstein, AH, McGill, HC, Pearson, TA, Prewitt, TE, Stone, NJ, Horn, LV & Weinberg, R (1996) Dietary guidelines for healthy American adults. A statement for health professionals from the Nutrition Committee, American Heart Association. Circulation 94, 1795–1800.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mazur, W & Adlercreutz, H (1998) Natural and anthropogenic environmental oestrogens: the scientific basis for risk assessment. Naturally occurring oestrogens in food. Pure and Applied Chemistry 70, 1759–1776.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meyer, KA, Kushi, LH, Jacobs, DR Jr, Slavin, J, Sellers, TA & Folsom, AR (2000) Carbohydrates, dietary fiber, and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus in older women. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 71, 921–930.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pereira, MA, Jacobs, DR, Slattery, ML, Ruth, K, Van Horn, L, Hilner, J & Kushi, LH (1998) The association of whole grain intake and fasting insulin in a biracial cohort of young adults: The CARDIA Study. CVD Prevention 1, 231–242.Google Scholar
Pereira, MA, Jacobs, DR Jr, Pins, JJ, Raatz, SK, Gross, MD, Slavin, JL & Seaquist, ER (2002) Effect of whole grains on insulin sensitivity in overweight hyperinsulinemic adults. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 75, 848–855.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pietinen, P, Stumpf, K, Männistö, S, Kataja, V & Adlercreutz, H (2001) Serum enterolactone and risk of breast cancer: a case-control study in eastern Finland. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention 10, 339–344.Google ScholarPubMed
Pins, JJ, Pereira, MA, Jacobs, DR Jr, Marquart, L, Keenman, J & Slaving, JE (2001) Whole grains, cereal fiber, and chronic disease: possible biological mechanisms. In CRC Handbook of Dietary Fiber in Human Disease, 3rd ed, pp. 461–498 [ Spiller, GA , editor]. New York, NY: CRC Press.Google Scholar
Slavin, JL, Martini, MC, Jacobs, DR & Marquart, L (1999) Plausible mechanisms for the protectiveness of whole grains. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 70, Suppl., 459S–463S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stumpf, K, Pietinen, P, Puska, P & Adlercreutz, H (2000 a) Changes in serum enterolactone, genistein, and daidzein in a dietary intervention study in Finland. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention 9, 1369–1372.Google Scholar
Stumpf, K, Uehara, M, Nurmi, T & Adlercreutz, H (2000 b) Changes in the time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay of plasma enterolactone. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention 284, 153–157.Google ScholarPubMed
Thompson, LU (1998) Experimental studies on lignans and cancer. Baillieres Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 12, 691–705.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tikkanen, MJ & Adlercreutz, H (2000) Dietary soy-derived isoflavone phytoestrogens – Could they have a role in coronary heart disease prevention? Biochemical Pharmacology 60, 1–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vanharanta, M, Voutilainen, S, Lakka, TA, van der Lee, M, Adlercreutz, H & Salonen, JT (1999) Risk of acute coronary events according to serum concentrations of enterolactone: a prospective population-based case-control study. Lancet 354, 2112–2115.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wiseman, H (1999) Importance of oestrogen, xenoestrogen and phytoestrogen metabolism in breast cancer risk. Biochemical Society Transactions 27, 299–304.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wiseman, H, O'Reilly, JD, Adlercreutz, H, Mallet, AI, Bowey, EA, Rowland, IR & Sanders, TA (2000) Isoflavone phytoestrogens consumed in soy decrease F-2-isoprostane concentrations and increase resistance of low-density lipoprotein to oxidation in humans. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 72, 395–400.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed