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Energy-modulating vitamins – a new combinatorial therapy prevents cancer cachexia in rat mammary carcinoma

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2007

Selvanathan Saravana Perumal ,
Palanivelu Shanthi  and
Panchanadham Sachdanandam
Selvanathan Saravana Perumal
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai 600 113, India
Palanivelu Shanthi
Affiliation:
Department of Pathology, Dr AL Mudaliar Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai 600 113, India
Panchanadham Sachdanandam*
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai 600 113, India
*
*Corresponding author: Dr P. Sachdanandam, fax +91 44 24926709, email psachdanandam2000@yahoo.co.in
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Abstract

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Mitochondria are the major intracellular organelles producing ATP molecules via the electron transport chain. Cancer cells have a deviant energy metabolism, and a high rate of glycolysis is related to a high degree of dedifferentiation and proliferation. The overall net ATP production is diminished with cancer, which ultimately leads to cancer cachexia. The present study was designed to investigate the altered energy metabolism in cancer cells and to enhance ATP production in the normal host cell metabolism by enhancing the activities of mitochondrial enzymes, using energy-modulating vitamins, and thus prevent cancer cachexia. Female Sprague–Dawley rats were selected for the experimental study. Mammary carcinoma was induced by the oral administration of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (25 mg/kg body weight), and treatment was started by the oral administration of the energy-modulating vitamins riboflavin (45 mg/kg body weight per d), niacin (100 mg/kg body weight per d) and coenzyme Q10 (40 mg/kg body weight per d) for 28 d. Mitochondria were isolated from the mammary gland and liver of all four groups, and the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation enzymes were assayed. In mammary carcinoma-bearing animals, the activities of the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation enzymes were significantly decreased. These activities were restored to a greater extent in animals treated with energy-modulating vitamins. From these experimental results, one may hypothesize that the combination therapy of energy-modulating vitamins could be of major therapeutic value in breast cancer.

Keywords

Breast cancerEnergy-modulating vitaminsMitochondrial enzymesCancer cachexia
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 93 , Issue 6 , June 2005 , pp. 901 - 909
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2005

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