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The effects of guar gum supplementation on lipid profile in adults: a GRADE-assessed systematic review, meta-regression and dose–response meta-analysis of randomised placebo-controlled trials

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 July 2022

Leila Setayesh Open the ORCID record for Leila Setayesh [Opens in a new window] ,
Sanaz Pourreza ,
Mohammad Zeinali Khosroshahi ,
Omid Asbaghi ,
Reza Bagheri Open the ORCID record for Reza Bagheri [Opens in a new window] ,
Mahnaz Rezaei Kelishadi ,
Alexei Wong ,
Cain C.T. Clark ,
Damoon Ashtary Larky  and
Katsuhiko Suzuki
...Show all authors
Leila Setayesh
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
Sanaz Pourreza
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mohammad Zeinali Khosroshahi
Affiliation:
Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
Omid Asbaghi
Affiliation:
Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Reza Bagheri*
Affiliation:
Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
Mahnaz Rezaei Kelishadi
Affiliation:
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Alexei Wong
Affiliation:
Department of Health and Human Performance, Marymount University, Arlington, USA
Cain C.T. Clark
Affiliation:
Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
Damoon Ashtary Larky
Affiliation:
Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
Katsuhiko Suzuki
Affiliation:
Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa 359-1192, Japan
Matin Ghanavati*
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology, Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
*
* Corresponding authors: Reza Bagheri, email will.fivb@yahoo.com; Matin Ghanavati, email matina_844@yahoo.com
* Corresponding authors: Reza Bagheri, email will.fivb@yahoo.com; Matin Ghanavati, email matina_844@yahoo.com
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Abstract

Recent meta-analytic work indicated that guar gum supplementation might improve lipid profile markers in different populations. However, critical methodological limitations such as the use of some unreliable data and the lack of inclusion of several relevant studies, and the scarcity in assessments of regression and dose-specific effects make it difficult to draw meaningful conclusions from the meta-analysis. Therefore, current evidence regarding the effects of guar gum supplementation on lipid profile remains unclear. The present systematic review, meta-regression and dose–response meta-analysis aimed to examine the effects of guar gum supplementation on lipid profile (total cholesterol (TC), LDL, TAG and HDL) in adults. Relevant studies were obtained by searching the PubMed, SCOPUS, Embase and Web of Science databases (from inception to September 2021). Weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95 % CI were estimated via a random-effects model. Heterogeneity, sensitivity analysis and publication bias were reported using standard methods. Pooled analysis of nineteen randomised controlled trials (RCT) revealed that guar gum supplementation led to significant reductions in TC (WMD: −19·34 mg/dl, 95 % CI −26·18, −12·49, P < 0·001) and LDL (WMD: −16·19 mg/dl, 95 % CI −25·54, −6·83, P = 0·001). However, there was no effect on TAG and HDL among adults in comparison with control group. Our outcomes suggest that guar gum supplementation lowers TC and LDL in adults. Future large RCT on various populations are needed to show further beneficial effects of guar gum supplementation on lipid profile and establish guidelines for clinical practice.

Keywords

Guar gum supplementationLipid profileMeta-analysis
Type
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 129 , Issue 10 , 28 May 2023 , pp. 1703 - 1713
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Copyright
© University, 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society

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