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Intentional systems in cognitive ethology: The “Panglossian paradigm” defended

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 February 2010

Daniel C. Dennett
Daniel C. Dennett*
Affiliation:
Department of Philosophy, Tufts University, Medford, Mass. 02155
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Abstract

Ethologists and others studying animal behavior in a “cognitive” spirit are in need of a descriptive language and method that are neither anachronistically bound by behaviorist scruples nor prematurely committed to particular “information-processing models.” Just such an interim descriptive method can be found in intentional system theory. The use of intentional system theory is illustrated with the case of the apparently communicative behavior of vervet monkeys. A way of using the theory to generate data - including usable, testable “anecdotal” data - is sketched. The underlying assumptions of this approach can be seen to ally it directly with “adaptationist” theorizing in evolutionary biology, which has recently come under attack from Stephen Gould and Richard Lewontin, who castigate it as the “Panglossian paradigm.” Their arguments, which are strongly analogous to B. F, Skinner's arguments against “mentalism,” point to certain pitfalls that attend the careless exercise of such “Panglossian” thinking (and rival varieties of thinking as well), but do not constitute a fundamental objection to either adaptationist theorizing or its cousin, intentional system theory.

Keywords

adaptationanimal cognitionbehaviorismcognitive ethologycommunicationcomparative psychologyconsciousnessevolutionintentionalitylanguagemindsociobiology
Type
Target Article
Information
Behavioral and Brain Sciences , Volume 6 , Issue 3 , September 1983 , pp. 343 - 355
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1983

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