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Very high genetic fragmentation in a large marine fish, the meagre Argyrosomus regius (Sciaenidae, Perciformes) : impact of reproductive migration, oceanographic barriers and ecological factors

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 July 2012

Pierrick Haffray ,
Rachid Malha ,
Mahfoud Ould Taleb Sidi ,
Nuno Prista ,
Moshira Hassan ,
Gérard Castelnaud ,
Bilge Karahan-Nomm ,
Kutsal Gamsiz ,
Sherif Sadek  and
Jean-Sébastien Bruant
...Show all authors
Pierrick Haffray*
Affiliation:
SYSAAF, Station SCRIBE/INRA, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes, France
Rachid Malha
Affiliation:
LABOGENA, INRA, Domaine de Vilvert, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
Mahfoud Ould Taleb Sidi
Affiliation:
IMROP, BP 22, Nouadhibou, Mauritania
Nuno Prista
Affiliation:
Centro de Oceanografia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
Moshira Hassan
Affiliation:
Reef Check, Wachmannstr. 25, 28209 Bremen, Germany
Gérard Castelnaud
Affiliation:
IRSTEA (ex-CEMAGREF), 50 av. de Verdun, 33612 Cestas, France
Bilge Karahan-Nomm
Affiliation:
Ege University, Fisheries Faculty, Aquaculture Dep., 35100 Izmir, Turkey
Kutsal Gamsiz
Affiliation:
Ege University, Fisheries Faculty, Aquaculture Dep., 35100 Izmir, Turkey
Sherif Sadek
Affiliation:
FMD, BP 4, 17840 La Brée les Bains, France
Jean-Sébastien Bruant
Affiliation:
Les Poissons du Soleil, BP 10, 34540 Balaruc-les-Bains, France
Philippe Balma
Affiliation:
CNRS UMR 5554, Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution, Université de Montpellier II, 2 rue des Chantiers, 34200 Sète, France
François Bonhomme
Affiliation:
CNRS UMR 5554, Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution, Université de Montpellier II, 2 rue des Chantiers, 34200 Sète, France
*
a Corresponding author : haffray@rennes.inra.fr
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Abstract

The meagre Argyrosomus regius is a large Sciaenid fish known to reproduce in the eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea in just five distinct and restricted geographic areas: along the Mauritanian coast and at estuary openings (Gironde, Tagus, Guadalquivir and Nile). The biological traits of A. regius (high dispersal capabilities, high fecundity, long larval phase, overlapping generations, reproduction until 40 years of age) are, in principle, favourable to high gene flow, which should lead to genetic homogeneity over large geographic scales. Nevertheless, the high geographic distances between the few reproductive areas leads one ask whether there is genetic differentiation in this species. In the present study, the genetic differentiation of the wild A. regius was investigated across most of its natural range from the Atlantic Ocean (France, Portugal, Spain, Mauritania) to the Mediterranean Sea (Egypt, Turkey), using 11 microsatellite markers previously identified in another Sciaenid, the red drum Sciaenops ocellatus. At least two very distinct groups could be identified, separated by the Gibraltar Strait. Genetic divergences (FST values) were intermediate between the Atlantic samples (0.012–0.041), high between Egypt and the Atlantic (0.06–0.107) or Aegean Sea (0.081) and extremely high between the Aegean Sea and the Atlantic (0.098–0.168). A. regius exhibited a very high level of genetic differentiation rarely reported in marine fishes. These results also demonstrate the existence of a sixth independent spawning area in the Menderes delta (Turkey). Factors potentially involved in this very high genetic fragmentation are discussed, including physical barriers, glaciation pulses and biological traits.

Keywords

Genetic variationPopulation differentiationLinkage disequilibriumMicrosatellitesSciaenidsDrumUmbrinaPseudotolithusArgyrosomus
Type
Research Article
Information
Aquatic Living Resources , Volume 25 , Issue 2 , April 2012 , pp. 173 - 183
Copyright
© EDP Sciences, IFREMER, IRD 2012

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