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Part V. The Chronology of Late Helladic IIIB

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 October 2013

Extract

The sequence of styles in the evolution of Late Helladic pottery is now well recognized. A sequence dating of finds is thus archaeologically possible. Absolute dating of finds, however, is another and more difficult question. Nothing Late Helladic has any absolute date of its own. We can, however, arrive at approximate absolute dates from Late Helladic pottery found in datable contexts in Egypt or from Egyptian objects found in Late Helladic deposits in Greece. But we cannot always be sure that Egyptian objects found in Greece are contemporary with the Helladic objects with which they are associated. For instance, in Tomb 518 at Mycenae, which is of L.H. I–II date, was found part of an Egyptian porphyry bowl which dates from the First or Second Dynasty. No one would for a moment believe that this Egyptian bowl and the tomb could be contemporary. There are similar cases from Asine and Knossos. It is logical that an early object can be found in a late context, but no one could ever accept that a late object can be found in an early context, unless there has been much disturbance of the stratigraphy.

The three phases of Late Helladic III pottery A, B, and C can be distinguished among themselves with reasonable certainty, although there are always examples which stand on the borderlines. We know that the later Late Helladic IIIA pottery is contemporary with the Amarna Age, because it occurred in quantity in the ruins of Akhenaten's capital. Its latest absolute date is about 1375–1350 B.C., according to the dating placed by Egyptologists on the Amarna Age. There are even a few sherds from Amarna which, if found isolated, might possibly be called L.H. IIIB. Here again another possible difficulty can be glimpsed. A borderline sherd might be called by one archaeologist A and by another B.

Type
Mycenae 1939–1956, 1957
Copyright
Copyright © The Council, British School at Athens 1957

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References

1 Wace, , Chamber Tombs 223.Google Scholar

2 CMP 115 f.

3 Op. cit. 114.

4 Fimmen, , Kretisch-Mykenische Kultur 161 f.Google Scholar, gives a good conspectus of the finds at Gurob.

5 PAE 1950, 203 f.; BCH lxxv (1951) 113.

6 BSA xvii. 18 f.

7 Stubbings, , Mycenaean Pottery from the Levant 11, 17 f., 37, 71, 79.Google Scholar

8 See Stubbings's remarks op. cit. 20.

9 Mr. Reynold Higgins has kindly given me information about the Gurob vases in the British Museum, and his colleagues Mr. Edwards and Mr. James of the Egyptian Department have generously checked Petrie's dating of the Gurob material.

10 I owe this table to Miss Elizabeth Wace. It is based on the lists given by Furumark, CMP 113 f.

11 Mycenaean Pottery from the Levant 94 f.

12 Kahun 45 compares these to pl. 29, 1. This is doubtless a misprint for 28, 1.

13 I owe this photograph to the kindness of the Trustees of the British Museum.

14 Furumark, , CMP 116Google Scholar, says this is similar in shape to late Myc. IIIB types.

15 Wace, , BSA xlviii. 15Google Scholar; Proc. Am. Phil. Soc, xcvii. 424.

16 See Wace, , ‘Last Days of Mycenae’ in The Aegean and the Near East, Studies presented to Hetty Goldman 126–35.Google Scholar