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Effects of different amounts and type of diet during weaning-to-estrus interval on reproductive performance of primiparous and multiparous sows

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 March 2020

R. D. F. Gianluppi ,
M. S. Lucca ,
A. P. G. Mellagi ,
M. L. Bernardi ,
U. A. D. Orlando ,
R. R. Ulguim  and
F. P. Bortolozzo Open the ORCID record for F. P. Bortolozzo [Opens in a new window]
R. D. F. Gianluppi
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre91540–000, Brazil
M. S. Lucca
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre91540–000, Brazil
A. P. G. Mellagi
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre91540–000, Brazil
M. L. Bernardi
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre91540–000, Brazil
U. A. D. Orlando
Affiliation:
Global Nutrition Department, Pig Improvement Company, 100 Bluegrass Commons Blvd, Ste. 2200, Hendersonville, TN37075, USA
R. R. Ulguim
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre91540–000, Brazil
F. P. Bortolozzo*
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre91540–000, Brazil
*
†E-mail: fpbortol@ufrgs.br
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Abstract

During weaning-to-estrus interval (WEI), the sows are usually fed with high feed level to improve the reproductive performance. However, the WEI has been reduced over the years which may reduce the impact of feed level on performance in the modern genetic lines. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two feeding levels (moderate feeding level (MFL): 2.7 kg/day and high feeding level (HFL): 4.3 kg/day) and two diet types (gestation: 13.67 MJ/kg of metabolizable energy (ME) and 0.62% of standard ileal digestible lysine (SID Lys) and lactation: 14.34 MJ ME/kg and 1.20% of SID Lys) offered during the WEI on reproductive performance. In total, 19.0% of sows were excluded from the analysis due to feed intake below 75% (9.6% and 28.5% in MFL and HFL groups, respectively), remaining 254 primiparous and 806 multiparous sows. Follicular size and change in BW were measured in subsamples of 180 and 227 females, respectively. Data were analyzed considering the sow as the experimental unit. Feeding level, diet type, parity and their interactions were included as fixed effects, whereas the day of weaning was considered as a random effect. The feed intake of MFL and HFL groups averaged 2.5 ± 0.02 and 3.8 ± 0.02 kg/day, respectively. There was an interaction between feeding level and parity for daily feed intake. Within HFL, multiparous sows consumed 181 g/day more than primiparous sows (P < 0.01), but no difference was observed within MFL (P > 0.05). Both primiparous and multiparous sows lost proportionally less weight when fed HFL than MFL gestation diet during WEI. The percentage of weight loss was lower in HFL than in the MFL group in multiparous sows fed the lactation diet. The WEI was not affected by feeding level, diet type or its interaction (P > 0.05), but it was longer in primiparous than in multiparous sows (P = 0.001). There was no effect of feeding level, diet type, parity or their interactions on anestrus and farrowing rates. Multiparous sows showed greater follicular size, and greater numbers of total born and born alive piglets in the subsequent cycle than primiparous sows (P < 0.05). In conclusion, feeding weaned primiparous and multiparous sows with 4.3 kg/day of a gestation (58.78 MJ ME and 26.66 g SID Lys) or a lactation diet (61.66 MJ ME and 51.60 g SID Lys) does not improve follicular size and reproductive performance in the subsequent cycle.

Keywords

BWfollicular growthnutritionreproductionswine
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 14 , Issue 9 , September 2020 , pp. 1906 - 1915
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2020

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