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Changes in ultrasound measures of muscle and its genetic variation during lactation in dairy cows

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 August 2016

K. Sloniewski ,
I. L. Mao ,
J. Jensen  and
P. Madsen
K. Sloniewski*
Affiliation:
Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, fastrzebiec, 05-552 Wolka Kosowska, Poland
I. L. Mao
Affiliation:
department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Tjele, DK-8830, Denmark
J. Jensen
Affiliation:
department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Tjele, DK-8830, Denmark
P. Madsen
Affiliation:
department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Tjele, DK-8830, Denmark
*
†E-mail: k.sloniewski@ighz.pl
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Abstract

Changes in ultrasound measures of muscle area (UtM) during lactation in different breeds and parities and with different feeding levels were examined. Random regressions were fitted to repeated measures of UtM in order to study changes in variance components of UtM during lactation. Correlations between measures taken in different stages of lactation and in different parities were also calculated. The shape of UtM curves during lactation appeared to be fairly consistent for all breeds and parities. The lowest point of all curves coincided with the expected nadir of body reserves during lactation. With lower-than-normal feeding level, the drop of UtM after calving was deeper and the overall level was lower. A major proportion of the variance in UtM was found to be determined by additive genetic variation. In all three breeds studied, repeatability and heritability estimates were high and fairly consistent during lactation and between parities. The very high genetic correlations between measures taken in different periods of lactation suggested that muscle growth and recovery are controlled by the same gene complex throughout lactation.

Our results suggest that UtM, if used jointly with other body measures such as body condition score, could be a useful indicator of tissue mobilization and deposition in the lactating cow, especially during the early stage of lactation.

Keywords

dairy cows lactationenergy balancemusclesregression analysisultrasound
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Science , Volume 79 , Issue 3 , December 2004 , pp. 365 - 372
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 2004

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