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Egg quality traits of local Ghanaian chickens and influence of storage period

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 December 2014

R. Osei-Amponsah ,
B.B. Kayang ,
H. Manu  and
A. Naazie
R. Osei-Amponsah
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
B.B. Kayang*
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
H. Manu
Affiliation:
Livestock and Poultry Research Centre (LIPREC) University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
A. Naazie
Affiliation:
Livestock and Poultry Research Centre (LIPREC) University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
*
Correspondence to: B.B. Kayang, Department of Animal Science, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana. email: bbkayang@hotmail.com or bbkayang@ug.edu.gh
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Summary

Egg quality traits of local Ghanaian chickens from two agro-ecological zones were measured and compared with those of an imported breed, SASSO T44 chickens from the day of lay to a period of 21 days in storage. On the average SASSO T44 chickens had significantly (P < 0.05) higher egg weight, shell weight, albumen height (AH), albumen weight, yolk weight, albumen ratio and Haugh units (HU). Eggs of the local chicken ecotypes had significantly (P < 0.05) higher yolk ratios than the SASSO T44 birds with chickens from the forest zone being superior (P < 0.05) to those from the savannah in AH. Fluctuations in egg quality traits during the 3-week study period were similar in the three ecotypes studied. Conversion of AH to HU narrowed the gap in egg quality performance between local and SASSO T44 chickens. There was a negative effect of storage time on egg quality irrespective of the chicken ecotype. It was recommended that chicken eggs should be kept at temperatures cooler than ambient temperatures to minimize deterioration of their quality.

Résumé

Se midieron los parámetros de calidad de huevo en gallinas autóctonas ghanesas de dos zonas agroecológicas, para después compararlos con los de una raza importada, gallinas SASSO T44, desde el día de la puesta hasta los 21 días de almacenamiento. De media, las gallinas SASSO T44 presentaron (P < 0.05) mayor peso de huevo, mayor peso de la cáscara, mayor peso y altura del albumen, mayor peso de la yema, mayor proporción de albumen y más unidades Haugh. Los huevos de los ecotipos de gallina autóctona presentaron (P < 0.05) mayor proporción de yema que los de las aves SASSO T44, siendo la altura del albumen mayor (P < 0.05) en las gallinas de la zona de selva que en las de la sabana. Las variaciones en los parámetros de calidad de huevo a largo de las tres semanas del periodo de estudio fueron similares en los tres ecotipos considerados. La conversión de la altura del albumen a unidades Haugh redujo las diferencias en calidad de huevo entre las gallinas autóctonas y las SASSO T44. Se dio un efecto negativo del tiempo de almacenamiento sobre la calidad de los huevos, independientemente del ecotipo de ave considerado. Se recomendó que los huevos de gallina fueran guardados a temperaturas menores que la temperatura ambiental para minimizar el deterioro de su calidad.

Resumen

Les paramètres de qualité de l'œuf ont été mesurés chez des poules autochtones ghanéennes de deux zones agro-écologiques et ont été comparés à ceux d'une race importée (SASSO T44), du jour de la ponte aux 21 jours de stockage. En moyenne, les poules SASSO T44 ont présenté (P < 0.05) des œufs plus lourds, un poids de la coquille plus élevé, un poids et une hauteur d'albumen plus grands, un poids du jaune plus élevé, une proportion d'albumen plus grande et un plus grand nombre d'unités Haugh. La proportion de jaune a été plus grande (P < 0.05) dans les œufs des poules autochtones que dans ceux des poules SASSO T44, avec la hauteur d'albumen étant plus grande (P < 0.05) chez les poules de la forêt que chez celles de la savane. Les variations dans la qualité de l'œuf au cours des trois semaines de durée de l'étude ont été similaires chez les trois écotypes étudiés. La conversion de la hauteur de l'albumen en unités Haugh a réduit les différences en qualité d'œuf entre les poules autochtones et les SASSO T44. Un effet négatif du temps de stockage sur la qualité de l'œuf a été décelé, indépendamment de l'écotype de poule considéré. Il a été recommandé de garder les œufs à une température inférieure à la température ambiante afin de minimiser leur perte de qualité.

Keywords

albumen height·albumen ratio·Haugh unit·storage timeyolk ratiounité Haughproportion de jaunehauteur d'albumenproportion d'albumenunidad Haughproporción de yemaaltura de albumenproporción de albumen
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Genetic Resources/Resources génétiques animales/Recursos genéticos animales , Volume 55 , December 2014 , pp. 93 - 99
Copyright
Copyright © Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 2014 

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