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A Territorial Pattern for the Military Occupation of Germany

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 September 2013

James K. Pollock
Affiliation:
University of Michigan

Extract

With the military defeat of Germany now assured, it becomes imperative to complete plans for occupation of the country. There is apparent agreement among the United Nations that Germany must be occupied; but, although much work has been done on the subject, by both the military and political branches of the several Allied Governments, to date we have not had any general policy directives from the heads of the three great powers, namely, Russia, Great Britain, and the United States. Presumably, at the Teheran conference Churchill, Roosevelt, and Stalin came to a preliminary meeting of minds with reference to the various aspects of the war against Germany. At the second Quebec conference, it may reasonably be assumed that the President and Mr. Churchill, keeping in close contact with the Soviet leader, finally came to some definite agreement regarding the measures necessary to encompass the complete defeat and occupation of Germany.

It has been generally agreed all around that Germany must be occupied by the troops of the Allied Nations, but many of the specific details of such an occupation have not yet been thought through. When we speak of the occupation of Germany, we must first of all define exactly what we mean by the term Germany. It is expected that “Germany” will be understood to cover only those territories included within the Republic prior to Hitler's accession to power. It might be better to agree that the boundaries shall be understood to be those of January 1, 1932.

Type
Military Occupation
Copyright
Copyright © American Political Science Association 1944

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References

1 SirMaurice, Frederick, The Armistices of 1918 (London, 1943).Google Scholar

2 See the Hunt Report on our experiences in the Rhineland after World War I, American Military Government of Occupied Germany, 1918–1920 (Washington, D. C., 1943).

3 See my brochure, What Shall Be Done With Germany (Carleton College, Northfield, Minnesota, 1944), pp. 26–34.

4 On the problem of federal reform in republican Germany, see Brecht, Arnold, Prelude to Silence (New York, 1944)Google Scholar, especially Chap. VI; also Medicus, F. A., Reichsreform und Landerkonferenz (Berlin, 1930).Google Scholar

5 Sumner Welles has proposed the partition of Germany into three nondescript areas each containing many heterodox and conflicting units poorly calculated to promote either internal or external harmony. See his Time For Decision (New York, 1944). In my analysis, the partition of Germany is rejected as being unsound.

6 See this Review, Vol. 38, pp. 89–95.