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Measuring Hohokam Household Inequality with Construction Costs of Domestic Architecture at Pueblo Grande

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 December 2020

David R. Abbott Open the ORCID record for David R. Abbott [Opens in a new window] ,
Douglas B. Craig ,
Hannah Zanotto ,
Veronica X. Judd  and
Brent Kober
David R. Abbott*
Affiliation:
Arizona State University, School of Human Evolution and Social Change, PO Box 872402, Tempe, AZ85287-2402, USA (Veronica.Xenia@gmail.com)
Douglas B. Craig
Affiliation:
Northland Research, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
Hannah Zanotto
Affiliation:
University of Arizona, School of Anthropology, PO Box 210030, Tucson, AZ85721-0030, USA (hzanotto@arizona.edu)
Veronica X. Judd
Affiliation:
Arizona State University, School of Human Evolution and Social Change, PO Box 872402, Tempe, AZ85287-2402, USA (Veronica.Xenia@gmail.com)
Brent Kober
Affiliation:
Cogstone Resource Management, 1518 W. Taft Avenue, Orange, CA 92865, USA
*
(David.Abbott@asu.edu, corresponding author)
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Abstract

Recent archaeological efforts to explain the emergence and persistence of social inequality have been hampered by little information about how wealth was transmitted across generations, and how it may have accumulated or diminished over time. Building on studies that have shown domestic architecture to be an excellent material expression of household wealth, we provide a method for reconstructing the amount of labor invested in house construction among the Hohokam of southern Arizona. We also account for different architectural styles from different time periods. To illustrate the utility of the method for addressing broader social issues, we investigate the relationship among population increases, resource shortages, and wealth differentials at Pueblo Grande—one of the preeminent settlements in the Hohokam region. Inequality at Pueblo Grande was tracked over time and compared to similar results at the Grewe site. High-status households at both sites were distinguished architecturally by larger and, in some instances, more elaborate houses. The proximity of these households to public areas for ceremonial expression further suggests that access to ritual played a key role in creating and maintaining inequality in Hohokam society.

Los recientes esfuerzos arqueológicos para explicar el surgimiento y la persistencia de la desigualdad social se han visto obstaculizados por poca información sobre cómo se transmitió la riqueza a través de las generaciones, y cómo puede haberse acumulado o disminuido con el tiempo. Sobre la base de estudios que han demostrado que la arquitectura doméstica es una excelente expresión material de la riqueza de los hogares, proporcionamos un método para reconstruir la cantidad de trabajo invertida en la construcción de viviendas entre los Hohokam del sur de Arizona. Contamos con diferentes estilos arquitectónicos de diferentes períodos de tiempo. Para ilustrar la utilidad del método para abordar cuestiones sociales más amplias, investigamos la relación entre el aumento de la población, la escasez de recursos y las diferencias de riqueza en Pueblo Grande, uno de los asentamientos preeminentes en la región de Hohokam. La desigualdad en Pueblo Grande se rastreó con el tiempo y se comparó con resultados similares en el sitio de Grewe. Los hogares de alto estatus en ambos sitios se distinguieron arquitectónicamente por casas más grandes y, en algunos casos, más elaboradas. La proximidad de estos hogares a las áreas públicas para la expresión ceremonial sugiere además que el acceso al ritual jugó un papel clave en la creación y el mantenimiento de la desigualdad en la sociedad Hohokam.

Keywords

Hohokamarchitectural stylesconstruction costssocial inequalityPueblo GrandeHohokamestilos arquitectonicoscostos de construcciondesigualdad socialPueblo Grande
Type
Report
Information
American Antiquity , Volume 86 , Issue 2 , April 2021 , pp. 368 - 394
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Society for American Archaeology

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Footnotes

†

The author passed away before publication of the article.

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