Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-75dct Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-08T16:44:21.524Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Influence of clearance and structural coupling parameters on shimmy stability of landing gear

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 March 2023

S. Ruan Open the ORCID record for S. Ruan [Opens in a new window] ,
M. Zhang Open the ORCID record for M. Zhang [Opens in a new window] ,
Y. Hong  and
H. Nie Open the ORCID record for H. Nie [Opens in a new window]
S. Ruan
Affiliation:
College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
M. Zhang*
Affiliation:
College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China Ministerial Key Discipline Laboratory of Advanced Design Technology of Aircraft, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
Y. Hong
Affiliation:
College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China Ministerial Key Discipline Laboratory of Advanced Design Technology of Aircraft, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
H. Nie
Affiliation:
College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
*
*Corresponding author. Email: zhm6196@nuaa.edu.cn
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

There are many factors causing the shimmy of the aircraft landing gear and structural clearance of landing gear is a typical factor. Some aircraft in service or operation did not shimmy before, but suddenly appeared after a period of use. To solve the problem of clearance shimmy during the service of a certain aircraft, we established a dynamic model of rotating gear with clearance based on the flexible multi-body dynamics model of landing gear and L-N contact theory. We defined different types of clearance and established a mechanical model of aircraft pendulum vibration considering the clearance of landing gear structure for dynamic simulation, and studied the effects of different clearance types, clearance size of motion pair and different clearance positions on the stability of pendulum. The results show that the axial clearance has little effect on the shimmy performance of landing gear; the radial clearance has a certain effect on the shimmy performance of medium speed running, which slightly improves the shimmy damping required by medium speed running; the rotational clearance affects the shimmy performance of the nose landing gear by affecting the force transmission of structural components. The required shimmy damping coefficient increases at low speed and decreases at high speed. The main reason for the return clearance is that during the return, the shimmy damper does not work, which leads to the decrease of the shimmy damping performance and the increase of the required shimmy damping coefficient in the whole speed range. Meanwhile, the structural clearance will increase the shimmy frequency of the nose landing gear. By analysing the yaw angle of the nose landing gear and the time domain curve of the yaw angle of the yaw damper, we can determine which structure of the landing gear and which type of clearance is the cause of the yaw. Finally, the coupling effect caused by the main structural parameters of the landing gear in “gap shimmy” was analysed according to different mechanical stability distances and strut stiffness of the nose landing gear, providing reference for aircraft anti-shimmy design, nose landing gear fault diagnosis and nose landing gear maintenance support.

Keywords

Nose landing gear shimmyFlexible multi-body dynamicsGap type shimmyNonlinear systemCoupling parameter analysis
Type
Research Article
Information
The Aeronautical Journal , Volume 127 , Issue 1315 , September 2023 , pp. 1591 - 1622
Check for updates
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Royal Aeronautical Society

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Lu, Z., Wang, Z., Zhou, Y. and Lu, X. Nonlinear dissipative devices in structural vibration control: A review, Jo. Sound Vibr., 2018, 423, pp 18–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tourajizadeh, H. and Zare, S. Robust and optimal control of shimmy vibration in aircraft nose landing gear, Aerospace Sci. Technol., 2016, 50, pp 1–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feng, F., Luo, B., Zhang, C. and Hongmin, Z. Effect of wheel-distance and corotating wheels on aircraft shimmy, J. Vibr. Shock, 2019, 38, (06), 212–217.Google Scholar
Yin, Q., Wei, X., Nie, H. and Deng, J. Parameter effects on high-speed UAV ground directional stability using bifurcation analysis, Chin. J. Aeronaut., 2021, 34, (11), 1–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arreaza, C., Behdinan, K. and Zu, J.W., et al. Linear stability analysis and dynamic response of shimmy dampers for main landing gears. J. Appl. Mech. Trans. ASME, 2016, 83, (8), 1–10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Besch, H.M. Large aircraft landing gears – a brief overview. Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2015.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, X. and Qiao, X. The stability analysis of the nonlinear shimmy, J. Nanjing Univ. Aeronaut. Astronaut., 1992, 24, (1), 9–18.Google Scholar
Sura, N.K. and Suryanarayar, S. Lateral response of nonlinear nose-wheel landing gear models with torsional free play, J. Aircraft, 2007, 44, (6), 1991–1997.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Padmanabhan, M.A. and Dowell, E.H. Landing gear de-sign/maintenance analysis for nonlinear shimmy, J. Aircraft, 2015, 52, (5), 1–4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rahmani, M. and Behdinan, K. Interaction of torque link free-play and Coulomb friction nonlinearities in nose landing gear shimmy scenarios, Int. J. Non-Linear Mech., 2020, 119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yan, Z., Dawei, C. and Haowen, Y. Nonlinear bifurcation analysis of landing gear shimmy considering clearance characteristics, Aeronaut. Comput. Technol., 2018, 48, (01), 53–57.Google Scholar
Howcroft, C., Lowenberg, M., Neild, S. and Krauskopf, B. Effects of freeplay on dynamic stability of an aircraft main landing gear, J. Aircraft, 2013, 50, (6), 1908–1922.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Padmanabhan, C. and Singh, R. Analysis of periodically excited non-linear systems by a parametric continuation technique, J. Sound Vibr., 1995, 184, (1), 35–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Terkovics, N., Neild, S., Lowenberg, M. and Krauskopf, B. Bifurcation analysis of a coupled nose landing gear-fuselage system, AIAA Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference, 2012, 51, (1), 259–272.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guo, C., Al-Shudeifat, M.A., Vakakis, A.F., Bergman, L. and Yan, J. Vibration reduction in unbalanced hollow rotor systems with nonlinear energy sinks, Nonlinear Dyn., 2015, 79, (1), 527–538.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kennedy, J., Eret, P.J. and Bennett, G. Effect of noise reducing components on nose landing gear stability for a mid-size aircraft coupled with vortex shedding and freeplay, J. Sound Vibr., 2015, 354, 91–103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gordon, J.T. and Merchant, H.E. An asymptotic method for predicting amplitudes of nonlinear wheel shimmy, .J. Aircraft, 1978, 15, (3), 155–159.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhou, J.X. and Zhang, L. Incremental harmonic balance method for predicting amplitudes of a multi-d.o.f. non-linear wheel shimmy system with combined Coulomb and quadratic damping, J. Sound Vibr., 2005, 279, (1-2), 403–416.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krüger, W.R. and Morandini, M. Recent developments at the numerical simulation of landing gear dynamics, CEAS Aeronaut. J., 2011, 1, (1-4), 55–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yufei, Y., Rui, W. and Feng, X. Dynamic analysis of clearance shimmy of flexible landing gear, Sci. Technol. Eng., 2021, 21, (14), 6057–6062.Google Scholar
Yan, S., Xiang, W. and Zhang, L. A comprehensive model for 3D revolute joints with clearances in mechanical systems[J]. Nonlinear Dynamics, 2015, 80, (1), 309–328.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feng, F., Nie, H., Ming, Z. and Yiming, P. Criterion and parameter analysis in aircraft shimmy study, J. Vibroeng., 2014, 16, (1), 275–291.Google Scholar
Somieski, G. Shimmy analysis of a simple aircraft nose landing gear model using different mathematical methods, Aerospace Science and Technology, 1997, 1, (8), 545–555.CrossRefGoogle Scholar