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The Determination of α-Cristobalite in Airborne Dust by X-ray Diffraction - Theory and Practice

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 March 2019

M. Jeyaratnam  and
N.G. West
M. Jeyaratnam
Affiliation:
Occupational Medicine and Hygiene Laboratories Health and Safety Executive 403, Edgware Road, London NW2 6LN, UK
N.G. West
Affiliation:
Occupational Medicine and Hygiene Laboratories Health and Safety Executive 403, Edgware Road, London NW2 6LN, UK
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Extract

One of the earliest occupational diseases to be recognised was silicosis, a pathological condition of the lungs caused by the inhalation of dust containing free crystalline silica. During the industrial, revolution in the UK the incidence of silicosis rose dramatically; for example in the Sheffield cutlery industry, where dry grinding of knives and forks was practised, the life expectancy of workers was reduced on average by twenty five years. At the present day there is a wide spectrum of industry in which exposure to crystalline silica, may occur; in the UK alone it is estimated that more than 100,000 workers are potentially at risk. The great majority of this exposure is to quarts but cristobalite is also commonly encountered where silica rich materials are subject to very high temperature e.g. ceramics, refractories, brick manufacture. Cristobalite is also found in certain natural deposits including bentonite clay and chert.

Type
IX. Qualitative and Quantitative Phase Analysis Diffraction Applications
Information
Advances in X-Ray Analysis , Volume 32: Thirty-Seventh Annual Conference on Applications of X-ray Analysis, August 1-5, 1988 , 1988 , pp. 585 - 592
Copyright
Copyright © International Centre for Diffraction Data 1988

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