Hostname: page-component-7c8c6479df-ph5wq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-03-19T14:00:58.850Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Sleep quality in heroin addicts under methadone maintenance treatment

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 June 2014

Wen-Yu Hsu
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Lu-Tung Branch of Changhua Christian Hospital, LuKang, Taiwan Department of Psychiatry, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
Nan-Ying Chiu
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Lu-Tung Branch of Changhua Christian Hospital, LuKang, Taiwan Department of Psychiatry, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan Department of Respiratory Care, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, Taiwan
Jui-Ting Liu
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Lu-Tung Branch of Changhua Christian Hospital, LuKang, Taiwan
Chieh-Hui Wang
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Lu-Tung Branch of Changhua Christian Hospital, LuKang, Taiwan Department of Psychiatry, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
Ting-Gang Chang
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Lu-Tung Branch of Changhua Christian Hospital, LuKang, Taiwan
Yi-Cheng Liao
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Lu-Tung Branch of Changhua Christian Hospital, LuKang, Taiwan Department of Psychiatry, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
Pei-I Kuo
Affiliation:
Changhua County Public Health Bureau, Changhua, Taiwan

Extract

Hsu W-Y, Chiu N-Y, Liu J-T, Wang C-H, Chang T-G, Liao Y-C, Kuo P-I. Sleep quality in heroin addicts under methadone maintenance treatment.

Background: Sleep disturbance is a common phenomenon among opiate addicts. The side effects of opiate addiction or opiate withdrawal might result in sleep disturbance. However, their problems might be related to sedative medication abuse, alcohol abuse or heroin relapse. Sleep is an important issue in this population.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of sleep disorders in heroin addicts receiving methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) and analyse the correlation between related factors, such as age at opiate exposure, opiate exposure duration, duration in MMT, methadone current dosage, methadone attendance rate and the severity of sleep disorders.

Method: We enrolled 121 heroin addicts who were receiving MMT. We collected data on the duration of insomnia, hypnotic history, Visual Analogue Scale-10 of sleep quality, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), methadone dosage, methadone history and opiate history.

Results: The mean of the PSQI was 9.1 ± 5.4, and 70.2% of patients had PSQI scores >5, indicating they were poor sleepers. We also found the PSQI scores were correlated significantly with the methadone dosage.

Conclusions: The sleep disturbance prevalence rate of opiate addicts under MMT was high in Taiwan, as shown in the previous studies, and the severity of sleep disturbance has been underestimated.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1.Cronin, A, Keifer, JC, Baghdoyan, HA, Lydic, R.Opioid inhibition of rapid eye movement sleep by a specific mu receptor agonist. Br J Anaesth 1995;74:188192.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
2.Stein, MD, Herman, DS, Bishop, S et al. Sleep disturbances among methadone maintained patients. J Subst Abuse Treat 2004;26:175180.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
3.Peles, E, Schreiber, S, Adelson, M.Variables associated with perceived sleep disorders in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) patients. Drug Alcohol Depend 2006;82: 103110.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4.Backhaus, J, Junghanns, K, Broocks, A, Riemann, D, Hohagen, F.Test-retest reliability and validity of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in primary insomnia. J Psychosom Res 2002;53:737740.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5.Buysse, DJ, Reynolds, CF III, Monk, TH, Berman, SR, Kupfer, DJ.The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res 1989;28:193213.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6.Tsai, PS, Wang, SY, Wang, MY et al. Psychometric evaluation of the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (CPSQI) in primary insomnia and control subjects. Qual Life Res 2005;14:19431952.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7.Dimsdale, JE, Norman, D, DeJardin, D, Wallace, MS.The effect of opioids on sleep architecture. J Clin Sleep Med 2007;3:3336.Google ScholarPubMed
8.Xiao, L, Tang, YL, Smith, AK et al. Nocturnal sleep architecture disturbances in early methadone treatment patients. Psychiatry Res 2010;179:9195.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9.Wong, WS, Fielding, R.Prevalence of insomnia among Chinese adults in Hong Kong: a population-based study. J Sleep Res 2011;20:117126.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10.Cohen, J.A power primer. Psychol Bull 1992;112:155159.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
11.Brooner, RK, King, VL, Kidorf, M, Schmidt, CW Jr, Bigelow, GE.Psychiatric and substance use comorbidity among treatment-seeking opioid abusers. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1997;54:7180.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12.Gelkopf, M, Bleich, A, Hayward, R, Bodner, G, Adelson, M.Characteristics of benzodiazepine abuse in methadone maintenance treatment patients: a 1 year prospective study in an Israeli clinic. Drug Alcohol Depend 1999;55:6368.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13.Brands, B, Blake, J, Marsh, DC, Sproule, B, Jeyapalan, R, Li, S.The impact of benzodiazepine use on methadone maintenance treatment outcomes. J Addict Dis 2008;27:3748.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
14.Eiroa-Orosa, FJ, Haasen, C, Verthein, U, Dilg, C, Schafer, I, Reimer, J.Benzodiazepine use among patients in heroin-assisted vs. methadone maintenance treatment: findings of the German randomized controlled trial. Drug Alcohol Depend 2010;112:226233.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
15.Sharkey, KM, Kurth, ME, Anderson, BJ, Corso, RP, Millman, RP, Stein, MD.Assessing sleep in opioid dependence: a comparison of subjective ratings, sleep diaries, and home polysomnography in methadone maintenance patients. Drug Alcohol Depend 2011;113:245248.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed