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Medical and psychosocial determinants of risk of postpartum depression: a cross-sectional study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2017

Karolina Maliszewska Open the ORCID record for Karolina Maliszewska [Opens in a new window] ,
Mariola Bidzan ,
Małgorzata Świątkowska-Freund  and
Krzysztof Preis
Karolina Maliszewska*
Affiliation:
Department of Obstetrics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
Mariola Bidzan
Affiliation:
Institute of Psychology, University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
Małgorzata Świątkowska-Freund
Affiliation:
Department of Obstetrics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
Krzysztof Preis
Affiliation:
Department of Obstetrics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
*
*Karolina Maliszewska, Department of Obstetrics, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. 1a Kliniczna Street, 80-402 Gdańsk, Poland Tel: +48 58 349 34 45; Fax: +48 58 349 34 16; E-mail: lek.kmaliszewska@gmail.com
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Abstract

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate the degree of risk of maternal postpartum depression during the second month of puerperium.

Method

In total, 387 postnatal women filled out a questionnaire concerning their health and social status, as well as the following tests: the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Neo Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) Personality Inventory and the Berlin Social Support Scales. After 4–8 weeks, patients responded to another questionnaire with the EPDS and the PHQ-9.

Results

In total, 48 patients (12.40%) were found to be at risk of postpartum depression between the fourth and eighth weeks after delivery. Premenstrual syndrome [adjusted odds ratio (ORa)=2.93, confidence interval (CI) 1.30–6.63] and EPDS>12 points during the first week after the delivery (ORa=3.74, CI 1.59–9.04) increased the risk of postnatal depression. A similar role is played by a high result in neuroticism scale of the NEO-FFI (ORa=1.50, CI 1.17–1.92) and a positive family history of any psychiatric disorder (ORa=1.03, CI 1.01–1.06).

Conclusion

A history of premenstrual syndrome and a higher risk of affective disorder soon after a childbirth are associated with greater chances of depressive symptoms in the second month postpartum. This is also the case if a patient is neurotic and has a relative with a history of any psychiatric disorder. Such women should have their mental status carefully evaluated.

Keywords

mood disorderspsychiatrypsychological testspuerperal disordersrisk factors
Type
Original Articles
Information
Acta Neuropsychiatrica , Volume 29 , Issue 6 , December 2017 , pp. 347 - 355
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Copyright
© Scandinavian College of Neuropsychopharmacology 2017 

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