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14 - Points for precision grip

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 December 2009

By
Alan M. Wing  and
Susan J. Lederman
Edited by
Dennis A. Nowak  and
Joachim Hermsdörfer
Dennis A. Nowak
Affiliation:
Klinik Kipfenberg, Kipfenberg, Germany
Joachim Hermsdörfer
Affiliation:
Technical University of Munich
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Summary

Summary

We describe constraints on grip points in reaching and lifting objects. Most objects afford a choice of points providing stable grip with thumb and index finger. We overview experiments showing how micro (surface texture determining friction) and macro (local shape for determining direction of the surface normal relative to interdigit force, and global shape for determining center of mass) geometric features affect precision grip. We summarize the roles of visual and haptic cues in selection of grip points and describe how planning takes account not only of the object but also the intended action in directing grasp to these points. We support our arguments with evidence taken from studies of normal and disordered motor behavior.

Introduction

In characterizing the sensorimotor control of grasping, other chapters in this book have emphasized coordination between the hand, which shapes to and grasps the object, and the arm, which moves the hand to the object and lifts both hand and object through space (Jones & Lederman, 2006; see also Chapters 1, 11–13). Generally, the object concerned has been provided with vertical and parallel sides, the grasp has been a precision grip, and the goal of the action has been to maintain a stable grip so that the object neither translates nor rotates relative to the hand.

Type
Chapter
Information
Sensorimotor Control of Grasping
Physiology and Pathophysiology
 , pp. 193 - 203
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2009

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