Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-wq2xx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-23T15:55:45.616Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

17 - Psychiatric Classification Beyond the DSM

An Interdisciplinary Approach

from Section Three - Cultural Contexts of Psychopathology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2015

Laurence J. Kirmayer
Affiliation:
McGill University, Montréal
Robert Lemelson
Affiliation:
University of California, Los Angeles
Constance A. Cummings
Affiliation:
Foundation for Psychocultural Research, California
Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Re-Visioning Psychiatry
Cultural Phenomenology, Critical Neuroscience, and Global Mental Health
, pp. 434 - 468
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2015

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Akil, H., Brenner, S., Kandel, E., Kendler, K. S., King, M. C., Scolnick, E., Watson, J. D., & Zoghbi, H. Y. (2010). The future of psychiatric research: Genomes and neural circuits. Science, 327, 1580–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1188654CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Alarcón, R. D., Bell, C. C., Kirmayer, L. J., Lin, K. M., Ustun, T. B., & Wisner, K. L. (2002). Beyond the funhouse mirrors: Research agenda on culture and psychiatric diagnosis. In Kupfer, D. J., First, M. B., & Regier, D. A. (Eds.), A research agenda for “DSM-V” (pp. 219–89). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.Google Scholar
American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.Google Scholar
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.Google Scholar
Andreasen, N. C. (2007). DSM and the death of phenomenology in America: An example of unintended consequences. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 33, 108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbl054Google ScholarPubMed
Benítez-Rojo, A. (1992). The repeating island: The Caribbean and the postmodern perspective. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Bentley, G. C. (1987), Ethnicity and practice. Comparative Studies in Society and History, 29, 2455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S001041750001433XCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berger, P. L., & Luckmann, T. (1967). The social construction of reality. New York, NY: Anchor.Google Scholar
Berrios, G. E., & Marková, I. S. (2015). Toward a new epistemology of psychiatry. In Kirmayer, L. J., Lemelson, R., & Cummings, C. A. (Eds.), Re-visioning psychiatry: Cultural phenomenology, critical neuroscience, and global mental health (pp. 4164). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bilder, R. M. (2015). Dimensional and categorical approaches to mental illness: Let biology decide. In Kirmayer, L. J., Lemelson, R., & Cummings, C. A. (Eds.), Re-visioning psychiatry: Cultural phenomenology, critical neuroscience, and global mental health (pp. 179205). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bolger, D. J., Perfetti, C. A., & Schneider, W. (2005). Cross-cultural effect on the brain revisited: Universal structures plus writing system variation. Human Brain Mapping, 25, 92104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hbm.20124CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bourdieu, P. (1977). Outline of a theory of practice. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511812507CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bourdieu, P. (1990). The logic of practice. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, T. A., & Barlow, D. H. (2009). A proposal for a dimensional classification system based on the shared features of the DSM-IV anxiety and mood disorders: Implications for assessment and treatment. Psychological Assessment, 21, 256–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0016608CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Carr, J. E., & Vitaliano, P. P. (1985). The theoretical implications of converging research on depression and the culture-bound syndromes. In Kleinman, A. & Good, B. (Eds.), Culture and depression: Studies in the anthropology and cross-cultural psychiatry of affect and disorder (pp. 244–66). Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Choudhury, S., & Kirmayer, L. J. (2009). Cultural neuroscience and psychopathology: Prospects for cultural psychiatry. Progress in Brain Research, 178, 263–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6123(09)17820-2CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cintrón, J. A., Carter, M. C., Suchday, S., Sbrocco, T., & Gray, J. (2005). Factor structure and construct validity of the Anxiety Sensitivity Index among island Puerto Ricans. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 19, 5168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2003.10.007CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Craddock, N., O'Donovan, M. C., & Owen, M. J. (2005). The genetics of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: Dissecting psychosis. Journal of Medical Genetics, 42, 193204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jmg.2005.030718CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Craske, M. G., Kircanski, K., Epstein, A., Wittchen, H. U., Pine, D. S., Lewis-Fernández, R., & Hinton, D. E. (2010). Panic disorder: A review of DSM-IV panic disorder and proposals for DSM-V. Depression and Anxiety, 27, 93112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/da.20654CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Csordas, T. J. (2015). Cultural phenomenology and psychiatric illness. In Kirmayer, L. J., Lemelson, R., & Cummings, C. A. (Eds.), Re-visioning psychiatry: Cultural phenomenology, critical neuroscience, and global mental health (pp. 117–40). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
de Bruin, E. I., Ferdinand, R. F., Meester, S., de Nijs, P. F., & Verheij, F. (2007). High rates of psychiatric co-morbidity in PDD-NOS. Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders, 37, 877–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-006-0215-xCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dell, P. F. (2009). The long struggle to diagnose multiple personality disorder (MPD): Partial MPD. In Dell, P. F. & O'Neil, J. A. (Eds.), Dissociation and the dissociative disorders: “DSM-V” and beyond (pp. 403–28). New York, NY: Routledge.Google Scholar
Duany, J. (1991). Más allá de la docilidad: La antropología psicológica en Puerto Rico. Avance de Investigación #9, Centro de Investigaciones Académicas. Santurce, Puerto Rico: Universidad del Sagrado Corazón.Google Scholar
Extendido a Caguas el toque de queda. (1997, July 19). El Nuevo Día, p. 1.Google Scholar
Frank, E., Rucci, P., & Cassano, G. B. (2011). One way forward for psychiatric nomenclature: The example of the spectrum project approach. In Regier, D. A., Narrow, W. E., Kuhl, E. A., & Kupfer, D. J. (Eds.), The conceptual evolution of “DSM-5” (pp. 3758). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association.Google Scholar
Gelpí, J. (1993). Literatura y paternalismo en Puerto Rico. San Juan, PR: La Editorial Universidad de Puerto Rico.Google Scholar
Goldberg, D., Simms, L. J., Gater, R., & Krueger, R. F. (2011). Integration of dimensional spectra for depression and anxiety into categorical diagnoses for general medical practice. In Regier, D. A., Narrow, W. E., Kuhl, E. A., & Kupfer, D. J. (Eds.), The conceptual evolution of “DSM-5” (pp. 1936). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.Google Scholar
Good, B. J. (1996). Culture and DSM-IV: Diagnosis, knowledge and power. Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry, 20, 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00115857CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Guarnaccia, P. J. (1992). Ataques de nervios in Puerto Rico: Culture-bound syndrome or popular illness? Medical Anthropology, 15, 114.Google Scholar
Guarnaccia, P. J., Canino, G., Rubio-Stipec, M., & Bravo, M. (1993). The prevalence of ataque de nervios in the Puerto Rico disaster study: The role of culture in psychiatric epidemiology. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 181, 157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005053-199303000-00003CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guarnaccia, P. J., Rivera, M., Franco, F., & Neighbors, C. (1996). The experiences of ataques de nervios: Towards an anthropology of emotions in Puerto Rico. Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry, 20, 343–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00113824CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Guarnaccia, P. J., Lewis-Fernández, R., & Rivera Marano, M. (2003). Toward a Puerto Rican popular nosology: Nervios and ataque de nervios. Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry, 27, 339–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1025303315932CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guarnaccia, P. J., Martínez, I., Ramírez, R., & Canino, G. (2005). Are ataques de nervios in Puerto Rican children associated with psychiatric disorder? Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 44, 1184–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.chi.0000177059.34031.5dGoogle ScholarPubMed
Guarnaccia, P. J., Lewis-Fernández, R., Martinez Pincay, I., Shrout, P., Guo, J., Torres, M., … Alegria, M. (2010). Ataque de nervios as a marker of social and psychiatric vulnerability: Results from the NLAAS. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 56, 298309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020764008101636CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Han, S., & Northoff, G. (2008). Cultural-sensitive neural substrates of human cognition: A transcultural neuroimaging approach. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 9, 646–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrn2456CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hansen, H. B., Donaldson, Z., Link, B. G., Bearman, P. S., Hopper, K., Bates, L. M., … Teitler, J.O. (2013). Independent review of social and population variation in mental health could improve diagnosis in DSM revisions. Health Affairs, 32, 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2011.0596CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Happe, F., Ronald, A., & Plomin, R. (2006). Time to give up on a single explanation for autism. Nature Neuroscience, 912, 1820.Google Scholar
Harris, W. V. (2013). Thinking about mental disorders in classical antiquity. In Harris, W. V. (Ed.), Mental disorders in the classical world (pp. 123). Leiden, Netherlands: Brill. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004249875_002CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harwood, A. (1987). RX: Spiritist as needed. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Harwood, R., Miller, J., & Lucca Irizarry, N. (1995). Culture and attachment: Perceptions of the child in context. New York, NY: Guilford.Google Scholar
Heidegger, M. (1962). Being and time (Macquarrie, J. & Robinson, E., Trans.). New York, NY: Harper & Row. (Original work published 1927)Google Scholar
Helzer, J. E. (2011). A proposal for incorporating clinically relevant dimensions into DSM-5. In Regier, D. A., Narrow, W. E., Kuhl, E. A., & Kupfer, D. J. (Eds.), The conceptual evolution of “DSM-5” (pp. 8196). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.Google Scholar
Henningsen, P., & Kirmayer, L. J. (2000). Mind beyond the net: Implications of cognitive neuroscience for cultural psychiatry. Transcultural Psychiatry, 37, 467–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/136346150003700401CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hinton, D. E., Chong, R., Pollack, M. H., Barlow, D. H., & McNally, R. J. (2008). Ataque de nervios: Relationship to anxiety sensitivity and dissociation predisposition. Depression and Anxiety, 25, 489–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/da.20309CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hinton, D. E., Hofmann, S. G., Pitman, R. K., Pollack, M. H., & Barlow, D. H. (2008). The panic attack-posttraumatic stress disorder model: Applicability to orthostatic panic among Cambodian refugees. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 37, 101–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/16506070801969062CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hinton, D. E., & Lewis-Fernández, R. (2010). Idioms of distress among trauma survivors: Subtypes and clinical utility. Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry, 34, 209–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11013-010-9175-xCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hinton, D. E., & Lewis-Fernández, R. (2011). The cross-cultural validity of posttraumatic stress disorder: Implications for DSM-5. Depression and Anxiety, 28, 783801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/da.20753CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hinton, D. E., & Simon, N. M. (2015). Toward a cultural neuroscience of anxiety disorders: The multiplex model. In Kirmayer, L. J., Lemelson, R., & Cummings, C. A. (Eds.), Re-visioning psychiatry: Cultural phenomenology, critical neuroscience, and global mental health (pp. 343–74). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Hyman, S. E. (2007). Can neuroscience be integrated into the DSM-V? Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 8, 725–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrn2218CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hyman, S. E. (2010). The diagnosis of mental disorders: The problem of reification. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 6, 155–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.3.022806.091532CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hyman, S. E. (2011). Diagnosis of mental disorders in light of modern genetics. In Regier, D. A., Narrow, W. E., Kuhl, E. A., & Kupfer, D. J. (Eds.), The conceptual evolution of “DSM-5” (pp. 318). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.Google Scholar
Insel, T. R. (2010, April). Faulty circuits: Neuroscience is revealing the malfunctioning connections underlying psychological disorders and forcing psychiatrists to rethink the causes of mental illness. Scientific American, 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0410-44CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Insel, T. R., & Cuthbert, B. N. (2009). Endophenotypes: Bridging genomic complexity and disorder heterogeneity. Biological Psychiatry, 66, 988–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.10.008CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Insel, T. R., Cuthbert, B., Garvey, M., Heinssen, R., Pine, D. S., Quinn, K., … Wang, P. (2010). Research domain criteria (RDoC): Toward a new classification framework for research on mental disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 167, 748–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.09091379CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Insel, T. R., & Wang, P. S. (2010). Rethinking mental illness. Journal of the American Medical Association, 303, 1970–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2010.555Google ScholarPubMed
International Schizophrenia Consortium. (2009). Common polygenic variation contributes to risk of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Nature, 460(7256), 748–52. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1038/nature08185Google Scholar
Kendler, K. S. (2008). Explanatory models for psychiatric illness. American Journal of Psychiatry, 165, 695702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.07071061CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kendler, K. S., Neale, M. C., Kessler, R. C., Heath, A. C., & Eaves, L. J. (1992). Major depression and generalized anxiety disorder: Same genes, (partly) different environments? Depression and Anxiety, 49, 716–22.Google ScholarPubMed
Kirmayer, L. J. (2005). Culture, context and experience in psychiatric diagnosis. Psychopathology, 38, 192–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000086090CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kirmayer, L. J., & Young, A. (1999). Culture and context in the evolutionary concept of mental disorder. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 108, 446–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.108.3.446CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kleinman, A. (1986). Social origins of distress and disease: Depression, neurasthenia, and pain in modern China. New Haven, CT: Yale.Google Scholar
Kleinman, A. (1988). Rethinking psychiatry: From cultural category to personal experience. New York, NY: Free Press.Google Scholar
Koss-Chioino, J. (1992). Women as healers, Women as patients: Mental health care and traditional healing in Puerto Rico. Boulder, CO: Westview.Google Scholar
Krueger, R. F., Eaton, N. R., South, S. C., Clark, L., & Simms, L.J. (2011). Empirically derived personality disorder prototypes: Bridging dimensions and categories in DSM-5. In Regier, D. A., Narrow, W. E., Kuhl, E. A., & Kupfer, D. J. (Eds.), The conceptual evolution of “DSM-5” (pp. 97118). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.Google Scholar
Labonté, B., Farah, A., & Turecki, G. (2015). Early-life adversity and epigenetic changes: Implications for understanding suicide. In Kirmayer, L. J., Lemelson, R., & Cummings, C. A. (Eds.), Re-visioning psychiatry: Cultural phenomenology, critical neuroscience, and global mental health (pp. 206–35). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Lewis-Fernández, R. (1998). Eso no estaba en mí … no pude controlarme: El control, la identidad, y las emociones en comunidades puertorriqueñas. Revista de Ciencias Sociales, 4, 268–99.Google Scholar
Lewis-Fernández, R., Aggarwal, N. K., Bäärnhielm, B., Rohlof, H., Kirmayer, L. J., Weiss, M. G., … Lu, F. (2014). Culture and psychiatric evaluation: Operationalizing cultural formulation for DSM-5. Psychiatry: Interpersonal and Biological Processes, 77, 130–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/psyc.2014.77.2.130CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lewis-Fernández, R., Garrido-Castillo, P., Bennasar, C., Parrilla, E. M., Laria, A. J., Ma, G., & Petkova, E. (2002). Dissociation, childhood trauma, and ataque de nervios among Puerto Rican psychiatric outpatients. American Journal of Psychiatry, 159, 1603–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.9.1603CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lewis-Fernández, R., Gorritz, M., Raggio, G. A., Peláez, C., Chen, H., & Guarnaccia, P. J. (2010). Association of trauma-related disorders and dissociation with four idioms of distress among Latino psychiatric outpatients. Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry, 34, 219–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11013-010-9177-8CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lewis-Fernández, R., Guarnaccia, P. J., Martínez, I. E., Salmán, E., Schmidt, A., & Liebowitz, M. (2002). Comparative phenomenology of ataques de nervios, panic attacks, and panic disorder. Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry, 26, 199223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1016349624867CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lewis-Fernández, R., Guarnaccia, P. J., Patel, S., Lizardi, D., & Díaz, N. (2005). Ataque de nervios: Anthropological, epidemiological, and clinical dimensions of a cultural syndrome. In Georgiopoulos, A. M. & Rosenbaum, J. F. (Eds.), Perspectives in cross-cultural psychiatry (pp. 6385). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.Google Scholar
Lewis-Fernández, R., Horvitz-Lennon, M., Blanco, C., Guarnaccia, P. J., Cao, Z., & Alegría, M. (2009). Significance of endorsement of psychotic symptoms by US Latinos. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 197, 337–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0b013e3181a2087eCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lewis-Fernández, R., & Kleinman, A. (1993). Culture, personality, and psychopathology. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 103, 6771. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.103.1.67CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, S. C. (2003). Biocultural orchestration of developmental plasticity across levels: The interplay of biology and culture in shaping the mind and behavior across the life span. Psychological Bulletin, 129, 171–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.129.2.171CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Link, B. G., & Phelan, J. (1995). Social conditions as fundamental causes of disease. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 35(Extra issue), 8094. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2626958CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Littlewood, R. (1991). Against pathology: The new psychiatry and its critics. British Journal of Psychiatry, 159, 696702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.159.5.696CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Littlewood, R., & Lipsedge, M. (1987). The butterfly and the serpent: Culture, psychopathology and biomedicine. Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry, 11, 289335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00048517CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marqués, R. (1963). El puertorriqueño dócil. Revista de Ciencias Sociales, 7, 3578.Google Scholar
Martínez-Taboas, A., Lewis-Fernández, R., Sar, V., & Aggarwal, A. L. (2010). Cultural aspects of psychogenic non-epileptiform seizures. In Schachter, S. C. & LaFrance, W. C. Jr. (Eds.), Gates and Rowan's nonepileptic seizures (pp. 121–30). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Meléndez Muñoz, M. (1963). El jíbaro en el siglo XIX. In Obras Completas de Miguel Meléndez Muñoz, Vol III, Barcelona, Spain: Ediciones Rumbos, pp. 453611.Google Scholar
Merleau-Ponty, M. (1996). Phenomenology of perception (Smith, Colin, Trans.). London, England: Routledge. (Original work published 1945)Google Scholar
Mezzich, J. E., Kirmayer, L. J., Kleinman, A., Fabrega, H., Parron, D. L., Good, B. J., … Manson, S. M. (1999). The place of culture in DSM-IV. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 187, 457–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005053-199908000-00001CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nichter, M. (1981). Idioms of distress: Alternatives in the expression of psychosocial distress: A case from South India. Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry, 5, 379408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00054782CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Parnas, J., & Gallagher, S. (2015). Phenomenology and the interpretation of psychopathological experience. In Kirmayer, L. J., Lemelson, R., & Cummings, C. A. (Eds.), Re-visioning psychiatry: Cultural phenomenology, critical neuroscience, and global mental health (pp. 6580). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Patel, V., & Thornicroft, G. (2009). Packages of care for mental, neurological, and substance use disorders in low- and middle-income countries: PLoS Medicine Series. PLoS Medicine, 6(10), e1000160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal/pmed.1000160.Google ScholarPubMed
Pedreira, A. S. (1934). Insularismo. San Juan, Puerto Rico: Biblioteca de Autores Puertorriqueños.Google Scholar
Perfetti, C. A., Liu, Y., & Tan, H. T. (2005). The lexical constituency model: Some implications of research on Chinese for general theories of reading. Psychological Review, 112, 4359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.112.1.43CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Quintero Rivera, A. G. (1998). Salsa, sabor y control: Sociología de la música tropical. Coyoacán, México: Siglo Veintiuno Editores.Google Scholar
Radden, J. (2003). Is this dame melancholy? Equating today's depression and past melancholia. Philosophy, Psychiatry, & Psychology, 10, 3752. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ppp.2003.0081CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ross, C. A, Heber, S., Norton, G. R., Anderson, D., & Barchet, P. (1989). The dissociative disorders interview schedule: A structured interview. Dissociation, 2, 169–89.Google Scholar
Shaywitz, S. E., Shaywitz, B. A., Pugh, K. R., Fulbright, R. K., Constable, R. T., Mencl, W. E., … Gore, J.C. (1998). Functional disruption in the organization of the brain for reading in dyslexia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 95, 2636–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.5.2636Google ScholarPubMed
Siok, W. T., Perfetti, C. A., Jin, Z., & Tan, L. H. (2004). Biological abnormalities of impaired reading is constrained by culture. Nature, 431, 71–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature02865CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spiegel, D., Loewenstein, R., Lewis-Fernández, R., Sar, V., Simeon, D., Vermetten, E., … Dell, P. (2011). Dissociative disorders in DSM-5. Depression and Anxiety, 28, 824–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/da.20874CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tan, L. H., Laird, A. R., Li, K., & Fox, P. T. (2005). Neuroanatomical correlates of phonological processing of Chinese characters and alphabetic words: A meta-analysis. Human Brain Mapping, 25, 8391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hbm.20134CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Temple, E., Deutsch, G. K., Poldrack, R. A., Miller, S. L., Tallal, P., Merzenich, M., & Gabrielli, J. D. E. (2003). Neural deficits in children with dyslexia ameliorated by behavioral remediation: Evidence from functional MRI. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 100, 2860–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0030098100Google ScholarPubMed
Thumiger, C. (2013). The early Greek medical vocabulary of insanity. In Harris, W. V. (Ed.), Mental disorders in the classical world (pp. 6195). Leiden, Netherlands: Brill. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004249875_005CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Verheul, R., Bartak, A., & Widiger, T. (2007). Prevalence and construct validity of personality disorder not otherwise specified (PDNOS). Journal of Personality Disorders, 21, 359–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/pedi.2007.21.4.359CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weidman, H. H. (1979). Falling-out: A diagnostic and treatment problem viewed from a transcultural perspective. Social Science and Medicine, 13B, 95112.Google ScholarPubMed
Wittchen, H. U., Höfler, M., Gloster, A. T., Craske, M. G., & Beesda, K. (2011). Options and dilemmas of dimensional measures for DSM-5: Which types of measures fare best in predicting course and outcome? In Regier, D. A., Narrow, W. E., Kuhl, E. A., & Kupfer, D. J. (Eds.), The conceptual evolution of “DSM-5” (pp. 119–44). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.Google Scholar
World Health Organization. (1992). The “ICD-10” classification of mental and behavioural disorders: Clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines. Geneva, Switzerland: Author. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/classifications/icd/en/Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×