Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Contributors
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Organization
- Section I Historical context
- Section II General biology
- 6 The ontogeny and function(s) of REM sleep
- 7 Evolutionary perspectives on the function of REM sleep
- 8 A systems-level approach to human REM sleep
- 9 REM-sleep regulation: circadian, homeostatic, and non-REM sleep-dependent determinants
- Section III Neuronal regulation
- Section IV Neuroanatomy and neurochemistry
- Section V Functional significance
- Section VI Disturbance in the REM sleep-generating mechanism
- Index
- Plate section
- References
7 - Evolutionary perspectives on the function of REM sleep
from Section II - General biology
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 07 September 2011
Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Contributors
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Organization
- Section I Historical context
- Section II General biology
- 6 The ontogeny and function(s) of REM sleep
- 7 Evolutionary perspectives on the function of REM sleep
- 8 A systems-level approach to human REM sleep
- 9 REM-sleep regulation: circadian, homeostatic, and non-REM sleep-dependent determinants
- Section III Neuronal regulation
- Section IV Neuroanatomy and neurochemistry
- Section V Functional significance
- Section VI Disturbance in the REM sleep-generating mechanism
- Index
- Plate section
- References
Summary
Summary
In most mammals, sleep is composed of two distinct states, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and slow-wave sleep (SWS). The differentiated nature of mammalian sleep suggests that each state performs a different function, or perhaps different, but complementary components of a unified function. Despite extensive research, the function(s) provided by sleep and its respective sub-states remains the subject of debate (Cirelli and Tononi, 2008; Mignot, 2008; Siegel, 2009; Stickgold and Walker, 2007). One approach to unraveling the function of each sleep state is to trace its evolution. Through identifying the type(s) of animals in which each state evolved, we may reveal biological traits that coevolved with a particular sleep state. Cases of convergent evolution may be particularly informative because they provide the opportunity to isolate traits shared by only those animals that evolved a particular sleep state. The independent coevolution of certain sleep states and traits may be functionally linked. Conversely, the subsequent coevolutionary loss of a particular sleep state and certain traits may also reveal traits that benefit from a particular sleep state. Moreover, assuming that sleep serves an important function, determining how such animals compensate for the loss of a particular sleep state may yield clues to its purpose. Finally, another approach is to identify biological traits that account for the variation in time spent in, and presumably need for, each state. Traits that influence the allocation of time to a particular state may suggest a function for that state. The following chapter summarizes insights into the function of REM sleep gleaned from these comparative approaches.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Rapid Eye Movement SleepRegulation and Function, pp. 58 - 70Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2011
References
., . & . (2001) Absence of penile erections during paradoxical sleep. Peculiar penile events during wakefulness and slow wave sleep in the armadillo. J Sleep Res 10: –28.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
., . & . (1972) Electrophysiological studies of the echidna, Tachyglossus aculeatus. I. Waking and sleep. Arch Ital Biol, 110: –84.Google ScholarPubMed
., . & . (1986) An electrophysiological and behavioral study of sleep in emperor penguins under natural ambient conditions. Physiol Behav 38: –5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
. & . (2008) Sleep and wakefulness in Drosophila melanogaster. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1129: –9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
., ., . & . (1985) Polygraphic and behavioral study of sleep in geese: existence of nuchal atonia during paradoxical sleep. Physiol Behav 35: –73.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
., . & . (2001) State-related discharge of neurons in the brainstem of freely moving box turtles, Terrapene carolina major. Arch Ital Biol 139: –36.Google ScholarPubMed
. (1994) Sleep in insects and nonmammalian vertebrates. In Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine, 2nd edn. eds. , & . Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders, pp. 95–104.Google Scholar
., . & . (1983) Circadian and arousal state influences on thermoregulation in the pigeon. Am J Physiol 245: –8.Google ScholarPubMed
. (2009) REM sleep, energy balance and ‘optimal foraging’. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 33: –74.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
., ., . . (2005) Avian brains and a new understanding of vertebrate brain evolution. Nat Rev Neurosci 6: –9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
. (1962) Recherches sur les structures nerveuses et les mechanismes responsables des differentes phases du sommeil physiologique. Arch Ital Biol 100: –206.Google Scholar
., . & . (1970) Ontogenesis of the states of sleep in rat, cat, and guinea pig during the first postnatal month. Dev Psychobiol 2: –39.Google ScholarPubMed
., ., 2nd, . & . (2006) A phylogenetic analysis of sleep architecture in mammals: the integration of anatomy, physiology, and ecology. Amer Nat 168: –53.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
., ., . . (2008) Predator-induced plasticity in sleep architecture in wild-caught Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus). Behavi Brain Res 189: –305.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
., ., ., . & . (2009) History and future of comparative analyses in sleep research. Neurosci Biobehavi Rev 33: –36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
., ., . & . (2008) Mammalian-like features of sleep structure in zebra finches. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 105: –6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
., ., ., . & . (2008) Cetacean sleep: an unusual form of mammalian sleep. Neurosci Biobeh Rev 32: –84.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
. & . (2009) Turtles all the way down: loggerheads at the root of the chelonian tree. Evol Dev 11:–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
. (2006) An examination of cetacean brain structure with a novel hypothesis correlating thermogenesis to the evolution of a big brain. Biol Rev 81: –338.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
., ., . & . (2002) The distribution and morphological characteristics of cholinergic cells in the brain of monotremes as revealed by ChAT immunohistochemistry. Brain Behav Evol 60: –97.Google ScholarPubMed
., ., . . (2008) A claim in search of evidence: reply to Manger’s thermogenesis hypothesis of cetacean brain structure. Biol Rev 83: –40.Google ScholarPubMed
., . & . (2008) Increased EEG spectral power density during sleep following short-term sleep deprivation in pigeons (Columba livia): evidence for avian sleep homeostasis. J Sleep Res 17: –53.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
. & . (2009) Development and evolution of the pallium. Semin Cell Dev Biol 20: –711.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
. (2008) Why we sleep: the temporal organization of recovery. PLoS Biology 6: .CrossRefGoogle Scholar
., ., ., . & . (2008) Sleep deprivation in the pigeon (Columba livia) using the disk-over-water method. Physiol Behav 93: –8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
., ., . & . (2000) The echidna manifests typical characteristics of rapid eye movement sleep. Neurosci Lett 283: –52.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
., ., . (2008) Loss of genes implicated in gastric function during platypus evolution. Genome Biol 9: .CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
. (2006) Evolution of slow-wave sleep and palliopallial connectivity in mammals and birds: a hypothesis. Brain Res Bull 69: –9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
. (2007) Response to commentary on evolution of slow-wave sleep and palliopallial connectivity in mammals and birds: a hypothesis. Brain Res Bull 72: –93.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
., ., . . (2004) Migratory sleeplessness in the white-crowned sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys gambelii). PLoS Biology 2: –36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
., . & . (2009) Avian sleep homeostasis: convergent evolution of complex brains, cognition and sleep functions in mammals and birds. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 33: –70.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
., ., . . (2008) Sleeping outside the box: electroencephalographic measures of sleep in sloths inhabiting a rainforest. Biol Lett 4: –5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
. & . (2002) Sleep deprivation in the rat: an update of the 1989 paper. Sleep 25: –24.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
., ., ., . & . (2002) Rapid eye movement sleep deprivation modifies expression of long-term potentiation in visual cortex of immature rats. Neuroscience 110:–43.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
. (2009) Sleep viewed as a state of adaptive inactivity. Nat Rev Neurosci, 10: –53.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
. (2011) REM sleep. In Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine, 5th edn. eds. , & . Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders, pp. 92–111.Google Scholar
., ., ., . & . (1996) The echidna Tachyglossus aculeatus combines REM and non-REM aspects in a single sleep state: implications for the evolution of sleep. J Neurosci 16: –6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
. & . (2007) Sleep-dependent memory consolidation and reconsolidation. Sleep Med 8: –43.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
. & . (1973) Depth-electroencephalograms of chickens in wakefulness and sleep. Jpn J Physiol 23:–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
. (2011) Phylogeny of sleep regulation. In Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine, 5th edn. eds. , & . Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders, pp. 112–25.Google Scholar
. & . (1988) Sleep and EEG spectra in the pigeon (Columba livia) under baseline conditions and after sleep-deprivation. J Comp Physiol, A 163: –38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
. & . (1972) A polygraphic and behavioral study of sleep in the pigeon (Columba livia). Exp Neurol 35: –53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
., ., ., ., . . (2008) Genome analysis of the platypus reveals unique signatures of evolution. Nature 453: –83.CrossRef
- 2
- Cited by