Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface
- Part I Principles
- Part II Siliciclastic sedimentary rocks
- Part III Carbonate sedimentary rocks
- Part IV Other chemical/biochemical sedimentary rocks and carbonaceous sedimentary rocks
- Chapter 12 Evaporites, cherts, iron-rich sedimentary rocks, and phosphorites
- Chapter 13 Carbonaceous sedimentary rocks
- References
- Index
- References
Chapter 12 - Evaporites, cherts, iron-rich sedimentary rocks, and phosphorites
from Part IV - Other chemical/biochemical sedimentary rocks and carbonaceous sedimentary rocks
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 June 2012
Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface
- Part I Principles
- Part II Siliciclastic sedimentary rocks
- Part III Carbonate sedimentary rocks
- Part IV Other chemical/biochemical sedimentary rocks and carbonaceous sedimentary rocks
- Chapter 12 Evaporites, cherts, iron-rich sedimentary rocks, and phosphorites
- Chapter 13 Carbonaceous sedimentary rocks
- References
- Index
- References
Summary
Introduction
This chapter deals with the chemical/biochemical rocks other than carbonates. Thus, it discusses evaporites, the siliceous sedimentary rocks (cherts), iron-rich sedimentary rocks (iron-formations and ironstones), and phosphorites. Volumetrically, these rocks are far less abundant than siliciclastic sedimentary rocks and carbonate rocks. If we add the percentages of shale, sandstone, and carbonate rocks calculated or measured by various authors such as Ronov et al. (1980), the unaccounted volume of total sedimentary rocks that can be attributed to these chemical/biochemical rocks appears to be no more than about 2 percent. The small volume of these rocks is not, however, a measure of their importance or the interest that we have in them. All of the sedimentary rocks discussed in this chapter have considerable economic significance. Evaporite deposits such as gypsum, halite (rock salt), and trona are mined for a variety of industrial and agricultural purposes, iron-rich sedimentary rocks are the source of most of our iron ores, phosphorites are extremely important sources of fertilizers and other chemicals, and the siliceous sedimentary rocks have some economic value, e.g. in the semiconductor industry.
In addition to their economic importance, all of the rocks discussed in this chapter are intrinsically interesting owing to their compositions and origins. The origin of many of these rocks is still enigmatic even after many years of study.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Petrology of Sedimentary Rocks , pp. 461 - 526Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2009
References
and (eds.), 1997, Sedimentary Deposition in Rift and Foreland Basins in France and Spain: Columbia University Press, New York, NY. (Focus primarily on evaporites.)
(ed.), 1991, Evaporites, Petroleum and Mineral Resources: Elsevier, Amsterdam.
(ed.), 1988, Evaporites and Hydrocarbons: Columbia University Press, New York, NY.
and , 1998, Atlas and Data of Solid-Solution Equilibria of Marine Evaporites: Springer-Verlag, Berlin.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, 2006, Evaporites: Sediments, Resources, and Hydrocarbons: Springer-Verlag, Berlin.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , and (eds.), 1994, Silica: Physical Behavior, Geochemistry and Materials Applications: Mineralogical Society of America Reviews in Mineralogy 29.
(ed.), 1987, Siliceous Sedimentary Rock-Hosted Ores and Petroleum: Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, NY.
and (eds.), 1989, Siliceous Deposits of the Tethys and Pacific Regions: Springer-Verlag, New York, NY.CrossRef
, , and (eds.), 1983, Siliceous Deposits in the Pacific Region: Developments in Sedimentology 36.
and , 1999, Geologic Evolution of the Barberton Greenstone Belt: South Africa Geological Society of America Special Paper 329 (includes several papers that discuss Precambrian chert.)
and (eds.), 2006, Evolution of Early Earth's Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, and Biosphere – Constraints from Ore Deposits: Geological Society of America Memoir 198. See chs. 13–17.
, 1982, Precambrian Banded Iron-Formations: Developments in Precambrian Geology 5. (Translated from the Russian by Dorothy B. Vitaliano.)
and , 1997, Phanerozoic Ooidal Ironstones: Czech Geological Survey Special Paper 7.
and (eds.), 1983, Iron-Formation Facts and Problems: Developments in Precambrian Geology 6.
and , 1982, Phanerozoic oolitic ironstone – Facies models and distribution in space and time: Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 10.Google Scholar
and (eds), 1989, Phanerozoic Ironstones: Geological Society Special Publication 46.
and , 1982, Phosphorites on the Sea Floor, Origin Composition and Distribution: Developments in Sedimentology 33 (Translated from the Russian by .)
(ed.), 1980, Marine Phosphorites: Geochemistry, Occurrence, Genesis: SEPM Special Publication 29.
and (eds., special issue), 1988, The origin of marine phosphorites: The results of the R. V. Robert D. Conrad Cruise 23–06 to the Peru shelf: Mari. Geol., 80, 181–346.
and (eds.), 1990, Phosphate Deposits of the World, 3: Neogene to Modern Phosphorites: Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
and (eds.), 1986, Phosphate Deposits of the World, 1: Proterozoic and Cambrian Phosphorites: Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
, , and (eds.), 2000, Marine Authigenesis: From Global to Microbial: Society for Sedimentary Geology Special Publication 66 (Contains numerous papers devoted to phosphorites.)
, , and (eds.), 2002, Phosphates: Geochemical, Geobiological, and Material Importance: Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry 36.
, , and (eds.), 1989, Phosphate Deposits of the World, 2: Phosphate Rock Resources: Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
and (eds.), 1990, Phosphorite Research and Development: The Geological Society of London, Bath.
and (eds.), 1997, Sedimentary Deposition in Rift and Foreland Basins in France and Spain: Columbia University Press, New York, NY. (Focus primarily on evaporites.)
(ed.), 1991, Evaporites, Petroleum and Mineral Resources: Elsevier, Amsterdam.
(ed.), 1988, Evaporites and Hydrocarbons: Columbia University Press, New York, NY.
and , 1998, Atlas and Data of Solid-Solution Equilibria of Marine Evaporites: Springer-Verlag, Berlin.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, 2006, Evaporites: Sediments, Resources, and Hydrocarbons: Springer-Verlag, Berlin.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , and (eds.), 1994, Silica: Physical Behavior, Geochemistry and Materials Applications: Mineralogical Society of America Reviews in Mineralogy 29.
(ed.), 1987, Siliceous Sedimentary Rock-Hosted Ores and Petroleum: Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, NY.
and (eds.), 1989, Siliceous Deposits of the Tethys and Pacific Regions: Springer-Verlag, New York, NY.CrossRef
, , and (eds.), 1983, Siliceous Deposits in the Pacific Region: Developments in Sedimentology 36.
and , 1999, Geologic Evolution of the Barberton Greenstone Belt: South Africa Geological Society of America Special Paper 329 (includes several papers that discuss Precambrian chert.)
and (eds.), 2006, Evolution of Early Earth's Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, and Biosphere – Constraints from Ore Deposits: Geological Society of America Memoir 198. See chs. 13–17.
, 1982, Precambrian Banded Iron-Formations: Developments in Precambrian Geology 5. (Translated from the Russian by Dorothy B. Vitaliano.)
and , 1997, Phanerozoic Ooidal Ironstones: Czech Geological Survey Special Paper 7.
and (eds.), 1983, Iron-Formation Facts and Problems: Developments in Precambrian Geology 6.
and , 1982, Phanerozoic oolitic ironstone – Facies models and distribution in space and time: Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 10.Google Scholar
and (eds), 1989, Phanerozoic Ironstones: Geological Society Special Publication 46.
and , 1982, Phosphorites on the Sea Floor, Origin Composition and Distribution: Developments in Sedimentology 33 (Translated from the Russian by .)
(ed.), 1980, Marine Phosphorites: Geochemistry, Occurrence, Genesis: SEPM Special Publication 29.
and (eds., special issue), 1988, The origin of marine phosphorites: The results of the R. V. Robert D. Conrad Cruise 23–06 to the Peru shelf: Mari. Geol., 80, 181–346.
and (eds.), 1990, Phosphate Deposits of the World, 3: Neogene to Modern Phosphorites: Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
and (eds.), 1986, Phosphate Deposits of the World, 1: Proterozoic and Cambrian Phosphorites: Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
, , and (eds.), 2000, Marine Authigenesis: From Global to Microbial: Society for Sedimentary Geology Special Publication 66 (Contains numerous papers devoted to phosphorites.)
, , and (eds.), 2002, Phosphates: Geochemical, Geobiological, and Material Importance: Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry 36.
, , and (eds.), 1989, Phosphate Deposits of the World, 2: Phosphate Rock Resources: Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
and (eds.), 1990, Phosphorite Research and Development: The Geological Society of London, Bath.
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