Introduction

On completion of construction, the pipeline system is to be put on operation. However, this has to be done in a systematic and safe fashion. We have to keep in mind that the pipeline and its connected systems are meant to handle highly inflammable hydrocarbon and even a small failure may result in disaster. That is why it is important to ensure that the system has been installed properly and is safe for receiving the petroleum product it is meant to handle before introducing the product following a safe procedure. Considering the importance of the pre-commissioning and commissioning activities, a separate chapter is needed to discuss them.

The cross-country section of a pipeline cannot be commissioned on its own, in isolation. The station piping, pumps or compressors, electricals, instrumentation, and control systems and safety systems have to be ready for operation before the pipeline can be commissioned. Pre-commissioning and commissioning has to be done for the entire system, along with the terminal facilities and supporting systems. This chapter will treat the subject accordingly.

In Chapter 3 we have observed that pipeline construction is considered to be complete only after the pipeline has been subjected to a hydrostatic test. After the hydro-test is completed, water is drained out of the line, sectionalizing valves are installed and most of the tie-in joints are made, except for a few chosen ones required for the purpose of cleaning and drying of the pipeline.