different voices on armes deutschland

May 8: Germany has capitulated. It held out six years against a world of enemies, it will recover again (wieder hochkommen). . . .Dear God - Berlin has had to endure so much, let this be over with.

In May 1945, a middle-aged woman physician with excellent antifascist credentials, veteran of the Weimar campaigns for birth control and abortion reform, faced the defeat of Nazi Germany and the first press reports about Auschwitz and the death camps. She was not shocked or disbelieving; she could imagine and would not try to deny the horrors of which the Nazis were capable. Her response: to sigh for “poor Germany” (armes Deutschland) - an apparent victim - and look forward to the day when Germany - and especially her beloved metropolis Berlin - would revive (wieder hochkommen).

Five years later, in a 1950 report for the American Jewish journal Commentary on “The Aftermath of Nazi Rule,” Hannah Arendt diagnosed in Germans an “absence of mourning for the dead, or in the apathy with which they [Germans] react, or rather fail to react, to the fate of the refugees in their midst . . . a deep-rooted, stubborn, and at times vicious refusal to face and come to terms with what really happened.”