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30 - Silviculture, Forest Degradation, Landscape Management

from Part X - Forests

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2018

Chadwick Dearing Oliver  and
Fatma Arf Oliver
Chadwick Dearing Oliver
Affiliation:
Yale University, Connecticut
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Summary

Forests exist in many structures based on growth, disturbances, and human manipulations. Sustained timber yields were a forerunner to sustainable development. A modification in which all stand structures are maintained across a landscape gives the greatest promise for providing the most commodity and non-commodity values sustainably. Silviculture, the tending of forests, has gained centuries of knowledge. Silviculture has been categorized into “systems,” but is now being separated into “pathways” and “operations.” Silviculture pathways are changes in stand structures resulting from growth and specific manipulations. The specific manipulations are “operations” and include protection, restoration, tree removal, site preparation, regeneration and genetic improvement, and timber stand improvement. Maintaining all structures and timber flow sustainably across a landscape is more feasible than trying to manage each stand through selective harvesting; and computer models are aiding landscape planning. Agroforestry is useful where a high Purchasing Power Parity Advantage exists, since importing timber or fossil fuels is expensive. Forests can be managed for resilience to climate changes.
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Global Resources and the Environment , pp. 468 - 482
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2018

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