Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
  • Cited by 27
Publisher:
Cambridge University Press
Online publication date:
February 2018
Print publication year:
2018
Online ISBN:
9781108551120

Book description

Freshwater mussels are declining rapidly worldwide. Propagation has the potential to restore numbers of these remarkable organisms, preventing extinction of rare species and maintaining the many benefits that they bring to aquatic ecosystems. Written by practitioners with firsthand experience of propagation programs, this practical book is a thorough guide to the subject, taking readers through the process from start to finish. The latest propagation and culture techniques are explored as readers follow freshwater mussels through their amazing and complex life cycle. Topics covered include the basics of building a culture facility, collecting and maintaining brood stock, collecting host species, infesting host species with larval mussels, collecting and culturing juvenile mussels, releasing juveniles to the wild, and post-release monitoring. This will be valuable reading for any biologist interested in the conservation of freshwater mussel populations.

Reviews

'Freshwater Mussel Propagation for Restoration … is an instructive manuscript on mussel propagation to abate threatened and endangered species or manage population density using a detailed plan for freshwater mussel culture. The images and figures in the book are excellent quality and give the reader thorough text and imagery. [The authors] have choreographed a must have tool, for freshwater mussel biologists and culturists, that details freshwater mussel ecology, life history, biology, husbandry, and most importantly sustainability.'

Matthew Wipf - American Fisheries Society

Refine List

Actions for selected content:

Select all | Deselect all
  • View selected items
  • Export citations
  • Download PDF (zip)
  • Save to Kindle
  • Save to Dropbox
  • Save to Google Drive

Save Search

You can save your searches here and later view and run them again in "My saved searches".

Please provide a title, maximum of 40 characters.
×

Contents

References

Aji, L.P. 2011. The use of algae concentrates, dried algae and algal substitutes to feed bivalves. Makara of Science Series 15:18.
Akiyama, Y. and Iwakuma, T.. 2007. Survival of glochidial larvae of the freshwater pearl mussel, Margaritifera laevis (Bivalvia: Unionoida), at different temperatures: a comparison between two populations with and without recruitment. Zoological Science 24(9):890893.
Aldridge, D.C. and McIvor, A.L.. 2003. Gill evacuation and release of glochidia by Unio pictorum and Unio tumidus under thermal and hypoxic stress. Journal of Molluscan Studies 69:5559.
Allen, D.C. and Vaughn, C.C.. 2011. Density-dependent biodiversity effects on physical habitat modification by freshwater bivalves. Ecology 92:10131019.
Allen, D.C., Hove, M.C., Sietman, B.E., et al. 2007. Early life-history and conservation status of Venustaconcha ellipsiformis (Bivalvia, Unionidae) in Minnesota. American Midland Naturalist 157:7491.
Allen, D.C., Vaughn, C.C., Kelly, J.F., Cooper, J.T., and Engel, M.H.. 2012. Bottom-up biodiversity effects increase resource subsidy flux between ecosystems. Ecology 93:21652174.
Allen, D.C., Galbraith, H.S., Vaughn, C.C., and Spooner, D.E.. 2013. A tale of two rivers: implications of water management practices for mussel biodiversity outcomes during droughts. Ambio 42:881891.
Anfinson, J.O. 2003. The River We Have Wrought: A History of the Upper Mississippi. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Aprahamian, M.W., Martin Smith, K., McGinnity, P., McKelvey, S., and Taylor, J.. 2003. Restocking of salmonids: opportunities and limitations. Fisheries Research 62:211227.
Araujo, R. and Ramos, M.A.. 2001. Life history data on the virtually unknown Margaritifera auricularia. Pages 143152 in Bauer, G. and Wachtler, K. (editors), Ecology and Evolution of the Freshwater Mussels Unionoida. Ecological Studies 145. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany.
Araujo, R., Camara, N., and Ramos, M.A.. 2002. Glochidium metamorphosis in the endangered freshwater mussel Margaritifera auricularia (Spengler, 1973): a histological and scanning electron miscroscopy study. Journal of Morphology 254:259265.
Arey, L.B. 1921. An experimental study on glochidia and the factors underlying encystment. Journal of Experimental Zoology 38:463499.
Arey, L.B. 1932. A microscopical study of glochidia immunity. Journal of Morphology 53:367379.
Atkinson, A.J., Trenham, P.C., Fisher, R.N., et al. 2004. Designing Monitoring Programs in an Adaptive Management Context for Regional Multiple Species Conservation Plans. 74pp.
Atkinson, C.L. and Vaughn, C.C.. 2015. Biogeochemical hotspots: temporal and spatial scaling of the impact of freshwater mussels on ecosystem function. Freshwater Biology 60:563574.
Atkinson, C.L., Vaughn, C.C., Forshay, K.J., and Cooper, J.T.. 2013. Aggregated filter-feeding consumers alter nutrient limitation: consequences for ecosystem and community dynamics. Ecology 94:13591369.
Atkinson, C.L., Julian, J.P., and Vaughn, C.C.. 2014a. Species and function lost: role of drought in structuring stream communities. Biological Conservation 176:3038.
Atkinson, C.L., Kelly, J.F., and Vaughn, C.C.. 2014b. Tracing consumer derived nitrogen in riverine food webs. Ecosystems 17:485496.
Augspurger, T., Keller, A.E., Black, M.C., Cope, G., and Dwyer, F.J.. 2003. Derivation of water quality guidance for protection of freshwater mussels (Unionidae) from ammonia exposure. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 22:25692575.
Baggett, L.P., Powers, S.P., Brumbaugh, R., et al. 2014. Oyster Habitat Restoration Monitoring and Assessment Handbook. The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, VA, USA. 96pp.
Barfield, M. and Watters, G.T.. 1998. Non-parasitic life cycle in the green floater, Lasmigona subviridis (Conrad, 1835). Triannual Unionid Report 16:22.
Barnhart, M.C. 1997. Fertilization Success in Freshwater Mussels. Report to the Missouri Department of Conservation, Columbia, MO, USA.
Barnhart, M.C. 2001. Fish Hosts and Culture of Mussel Species of Special Concern. Report to the Missouri Department of Conservation, Columbia, MO, USA.
Barnhart, M.C. 2003. Culture and Restoration of Mussel Species of Concern. Final Report. Missouri Department of Conservation and US Fish and Wildlife Service, Columbia, MO, USA.
Barnhart, M.C. 2004. Propagation and restoration of mussel species of concern. Endangered Species Grant Interim Report (E-142).
Barnhart, M.C. 2006. Buckets of muckets: a compact system for rearing juvenile freshwater mussels. Aquaculture 254:227233.
Barnhart, M.C. and Roberts, A.D.. 1997. Reproduction and fish hosts of unionids from the Ozark Uplifts. Pages 1520 in Cummings, K.S., Buchanan, A.C., Naimo, T.J., and Mayer, C.A. (editors), Conservation and Management of Freshwater Mussels II: Initiatives for the Future. Proceedings of a UMRCC Symposium, 16–18 October 1995, St. Louis, MO. Upper Mississippi River Conservation Committee, Rock Island, IL, USA.
Barnhart, M.C., Haag, W.R., and Roston, W.N.. 2008. Adaptations to host infection and larval parasitism in Unionoida. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 27(2):370394.
Barnhart, M.C., Glidewell, B., Maynard, A., et al. 2015. Pulsed flow-through systems for the laboratory culture of early life stages of freshwater mussels. Presented at “Rearing of Unionid Mussels,” Clervaux, Luxembourg. www.heppi.com/seminar/Uc_Lux_2015_Barnhart1.pdf (accessed September 2017).
Bauer, G. 1986. The status of the freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera L. in the south of its European Range. Biological Conservation 38:19.
Bauer, G. 1987. Reproductive strategy of the freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera. Journal of Animal Ecology 56:691704.
Bauer, G. 1988. Threats to the freshwater pearl mussel, Margaritifera margaritifera L. in central Europe. Biological Conservation 45:239253.
Bauer, G. 1992. Variation in the life span and size of the freshwater pearl mussel. Journal of Animal Ecology 61:425436.
Bayne, B.L., Holland, D.L., Moore, M.N., Lowe, D.M., and Widdows, J.. 1978. Further studies on the effects of stress in the adult on the eggs of Mytilus edulis. Journal of the Marine Biological Association, UK 58:824841.
Beck, K.M. and Neves, R.J.. 2003. An evaluation of selective feeding by three age-groups of the rainbow mussel Villosa iris. North American Journal of Aquaculture. 65:203209.
Benke, A. 1990. A perspective on America's vanishing streams. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 9(1):7788.
Berenberg, C.J. and Patterson, G.W.. 1981. The relationship between dietary phytosterols and the sterols of wild and cultivated oysters. Lipids 16:276278.
Berka, R. 1986. The Transport of Live Fish: A Review. EIFAC Technical Paper (48):52pp.
Blystad, C.N. 1923. Significance of larval mantle of fresh-water mussels during parasitism, with notes on a new mantle condition exhibited by Lampsilis luteola. Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Fisheries 39:203219.
Bogan, A.E. 2008. Global diversity of freshwater mussels (Mollusca, Bivalvia) in freshwater. Hydrobiologia 595:139147.
Bouchet, P., Rocroi, J.-P., Bieler, R., Carter, J.G., and Coan, E.V.. 2010. Nomenclator of bivalve families: classification of bivalve families. Malacologia 52(2):1184.
Boyer, S.L., Howe, A.A., Juergens, N.W., and Hove, M.C.. 2011. A DNA-barcoding approach to identifying juvenile freshwater mussels (Bivalvia:Unionidae) recovered from naturally infested fishes. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 30:182194.
Brady, T.R., Aloisi, D., Gordon, R., and Wege, G.. 2012. A method for culturing mussels using in-river cages. Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 2(1):8589.
Brown, M.R., Jeffrey, S.W., Volkman, J.K., and Dunstan, G.A.. 1997. Nutritional properties of microalgae for mariculture. Aquaculture 151:315331.
Burkhead, N.M. 2012. Extinction rates in North American freshwater fishes, 1900–2010. Bioscience 62(9):798808.
Busack, C.A. and Currens, K. P.. 1995. Genetic risks and hazards in hatchery operations: fundamental concepts and issues. Pages 7180 in Schramm, H. L., Jr. and Piper, R. G. (editors), American Fisheries Society Symposium 15. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Bush, A.L. 2008. An Assessment of Suitable Feed Quantity and Quality for Riffleshell Mussels (Epioblasma spp.) Held in Captivity. Master's thesis. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Byrne, R.A. and McMahon, B.R.. 1991. Acid–base and ionic regulation, during and following emersion, in the freshwater bivalve, Anodonta grandis simpsoniana (Bivalvia: Unionidae). Biological Bulletin of the Marine Biology Laboratory, Woods Hole 181:289297.
Canessa, S., Hunter, D., McFadden, M., Marantelli, G. and McCarthy, M.A.. 2014. Optimal release strategies for cost-effective reintroductions. Journal of Applied Ecology 51:11071115.
Carrizo, S. F., Smith, K. G., and Darwall, W. R. T.. 2013. Progress towards a global assessment of the status of freshwater fishes (Pisces) for the IUCN Red List: application to conservation programmes in zoos and aquariums. International Zoo Yearbook 47(1):4664.
Carus, C.G. 1832. Neue Untersuchungen uber die Entwicklungsgeschichte unserer Flubmuschel. Verh K Leopoldinisch-Carolinischen Akad Naturforsch 16:181.
Chen, L.Y., Heath, A.G., and Neves, R.J.. 2001. An evaluation of air and water transport of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae). American Malacological Bulletin 16:147154.
Clavijo, C., Carranza, A., Scarabino, F., and Southullo, A.. 2010. Conservation priorities for Uruguayan land and freshwater molluscs. Tentacle 18:1416.
Coker, R.E. and Surber, T.. 1911. A note on the metamorphosis of the mussel Lampsilis laevissimus. Biological Bulletin 20:179182.
Coker, R.E., Shira, A.F., Clark, H.W., and Howard, A.D.. 1921. Natural history and propagation of fresh-water mussels. Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries 37:75181.
Conner, C.H. 1909. Supplementary notes on the breeding seasons of the Unionidae. Nautilus 22:111112.
Converse, S. J., Moore, C. T., and Armstrong, D.P.. 2013. Demographics of reintroduced populations: Estimation, modeling and decision analysis. The Journal of Wildlife Management 77(6):10811093.
Cope, W.G., Newton, T.J., and Gatenby, C.M.. 2003. Review of techniques to prevent introduction of zebra mussels (Driessena polymorpha) during native mussel (Unionidea) conservation activities. Journal of Shellfish Research 22(1):177184.
Cox, I.G. (1994) Stocking strategies. Fisheries Management and Ecology 1:1530.
Cummings, K.S. and Graf, D.L.. 2010. Mollusca: Bivalvia. Pages 309384 in Thorp, J.H. and Covich, A.P. (editors), Ecology and Classification of North American Freshwater Invertebrates. 3rd edn. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA.
Cummings, K.S. and Mayer, C.A.. 1993. Distribution and Host Species of the Federally Endangered Freshwater Mussel, Potamilus capax (Green, 1832) in the Lower Wabash River, Illinois and Indiana. Technical Report 1993:129.
Cummings, K.S., Suloway, L., and Page, L.M.. 1988. The Freshwater Mussels (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Unionidae) of the Embarras River in Illinois: Thirty Years of Stream Change. Illinois Natural History Survey Technical Report 1988.
Davis, G.M. and Fuller, S.L.H.. 1981. Genetic relationships among Recent Unionacea (Bivalvia) of North America. Malacologia 20:217253.
Dickinson, B.D. and Sietman, B.E.. 2008. Recent observations of metamorphosis without parasitism in Utterbackia imbecillis. Ellipsaria 10(1):78.
Dietz, T.H. 1979. Uptake of sodium and chloride by freshwater mussels. Canadian Journal of Zoology 57:156160.
Distler, D.A. and Bleam, D.E.. 1995. Decline in the diversity of Bivalvia, Ninnescah River, Kansas. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science 98:156159.
Downing, J. A., Van Meter, P., and Woolnough, D. A.. 2010. Suspects in evidence: a review of the causes of extirpation and decline in freshwater mussels. Animal Biodiversity and Conservation 33(2):151185.
Dudgeon, D. 1999. Tropical Asian Streams: Zoobenthos, Ecology and Conservation. Hong Kong University Press, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
Edgar, A.L. 1965. Observations of the sperm of the pelecypod Anodontoides ferussacianus (Lea). Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 84:228230.
Engel, H. 1990. Untersuchungen zur Autökologie von Unio crassus (PHILIPSSON) in Norddeutschland. Dissertation, Universität Hanover, Hanover, Germany.
Enright, C. T., Newkirk, G. F., Craigie, J. S., and Castell, J. D.. 1986. Evaluation of phytoplankton diets for juvenile Ostrea edulis. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 96:113.
Etnier, D.A. and Starnes, W.C.. 1993. The Fishes of Tennessee. University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville, TN, USA.
Evans, R.R. 2001. Historical and Contemporary Distributions of Aquatic Mollusks in the Upper Canasauga River System of Georgia and Tennessee. Thesis, University of Tennessee, Chattanooga, TN, USA.
Eybe, T., Thielen, F., Bohn, T., and Sures, B.. 2013. The first millimetre: rearing juvenile freshwater pearl mussels (Margaritifera margaritifera L.) in plastic boxes. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems. 23:964975.
Ferguson, C.F., Blum, M.J., Raymer, M., Eakles, M.S., and Krane, D.E.. 2013. Population structure, multiple paternity and long-distance transport of spermatozoa in the Near Threatened freshwater mussel Lampsilis cardium (Bivalvia: Unionidae). Freshwater Science 32(1):267282.
Fisher, G.R. and Dimock, R.V. Jr. 2000. Viability of glochidia of Utterbackia imbecillis following their removal from the parental mussel. Pages 185188 in Freshwater Mollusk Symposium Proceedings. Ohio Biological Survey, Columbus, OH, USA.
Fleischauer-Rossing, S. 1990. Untersuchungen zur Autokologie von Unio tumidus Philipsson und Unio pictorum L. (Bivalvia) unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der fruhen postparasitaren Phase. Thesis, Universität Hanover, Hanover, Germany.
Francis-Floyd, R. 1995. The Use of Salt in Aquaculture. Cooperative Extension Service Fact Sheet VM 86. University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Fritts, A.K., Barnhart, M.C., Bradley, M., et al. 2014. Assessment of toxicity test endpoints for freshwater mussel larvae (glochidia). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 33(1):199207.
Fritts, M.W., Fritts, A.K., Carleton, S.A., and Bringolf, R.B.. 2013. Shifts in stable-isotope signatures confirm parasitic relationship of freshwater mussel glochidia attached to host fish. Journal of Molluscan Studies 79(2):163167.
Fryer, G. 1961. The developmental history of Mutela bourguignati (Ancey) Bourguignat (Mollusca: Bivalvia). Philisophical Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 244:259298.
Fuller, S.L.H. 1974. Clams and mussels (Mollusca: Bivalvia). Pages 215273 in Hart, C. W. and Fuller, S. L. H. (editors), Pollution Ecology of Freshwater Invertebrates. Academic Press, Inc., New York, USA.
Fustish, C.A. and Millemann, R.E.. 1978. Glochidiosis of salmonid fishes. II. Comparison of tissue response of Coho and Chinook salmon to experimental infection with Margaritifera margaritifera (L.) (Pelecypoda: Margaritanidae). Journal of Parasitology 64(1):155157.
Gatenby, C.M. 1994. Development of a Diet for Rearing Juvenile Freshwater Mussels. Master's Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Gatenby, C.M. 2000. A Study of Holding Conditions, Feed Ration, and Algal Foods for the Captive Care of Freshwater Mussels. PhD. Dissertation. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Gatenby, C.M., Neves, R.J., and Parker, B.C.. 1996. Influence of sediment and algal food on cultured juvenile freshwater mussels. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 15:597609.
Gatenby, C.M., Parker, B.C., and Neves, R.J.. 1997. Growth and survival of juvenile rainbow mussels, Villosa iris (Lea, 1829) (Bivalvia: Unionidae), reared on algal diets and sediment. American Malacological Bulletin 14:5766.
Gatenby, C.M., Morrison, P.A., Neves, R.J., and Parker, B.C.. 2000. A protocol for the salvage and quarantine of unionid mussels from zebra mussel-infested waters. Pages 918 in Tankersley, R.A., Warmolts, D.I., Watters, G.T., Armitage, B. J., Johnson, P.D., and Butler, R.S. (editors), Freshwater Mollusk Symposia Proceedings. Ohio Biological Survey, Columbus, OH, USA.
Gatenby, C.M., Orcutt, D.M., Kreeger, D.A., et al. 2003. Biochemical composition of three algal species proposed as food for captive freshwater mussels. Journal of Applied Phycology 15:111.
Gatenby, C.M., Kreeger, D.A., Patterson, M.A., Marinni, M., and Neves, R.J.. 2013. Clearance rates of Villosa iris (Bivalvia:Unionidae) fed different rations of the alga Neochloris oleoabundans. Walkerana, 16(1):920.
Geist, J. 2010. Strategies for the conservation of endangered freshwater pearl mussels (Margaritifera margaritifera L.): a synthesis of conservation genetics and ecology. Hydrobiologia 644:6988.
George, A.L., Kuhajda, B.R., Williams, J.D., et al. 2009. Guidelines for propagation and translocation for freshwater fish conservation. Fisheries 31(11):529545.
Gordon, M.E. and Smith, D.G.. 1990. Autumnal reproduction in Cumberlandia monodonta (Unionoidea: Margaritiferidae). Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 109(4):407411.
Graf, D.L. 2013. Patterns of freshwater bivalve global diversity and the state of phylogenetic studies on the Unionoida, Sphaeriidae, and Cyrenidae. American Malacological Bulletin 31(1):135153.
Graf, D.L. and Cummings, K.S.. 2006. Palaeoheterodont diversity (Mollusca: Trigonioida + Unionoida): what we know and what we wish we knew about freshwater mussel evolution. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 148:343394.
Graf, D.L. and Cummings, K.S.. 2013. The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves), updated 5 August 2015. MUSSEL project web site, www.mussel-project.net (accessed September 2017).
Graf, D.L. and Foighil, D.Ó.. 2000. The evolution of brooding characters among the freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionoidea) of North America. Journal of Molluscan Studies 66:157170.
Grobler, P.J., Jones, J.W., Johnson, N.A., et al. 2006. Patterns of genetic differentiation and conservation of the slabside pearlymussel, Lexingtonia dolabelloides (Lea, 1840) in the Tennessee River drainage. Journal of Molluscan Studies 72:6575.
Haag, W.R. 2002. Spatial, Temporal, and Taxonomic Variation in Population Dynamics and Community Structure of Freshwater Mussels. Dissertation, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA.
Haag, W.R. 2012. North American Freshwater Mussels: Natural History, Ecology and Conservation. Cambridge Univerity Press, New York, USA.
Haag, W.R. and Rypel, A.L.. 2011. Growth and longevity in freshwater mussels: evolutionary and conservation implications. Biological Reviews 86:225247.
Haag, W.R. and Staton, J.L.. 2003. Variation in fecundity and other reproductive traits in freshwater mussels. Freshwater Biology 48:21182130.
Haag, W.R. and Warren, M.L.. 1997. Host fishes and reproductive biology of 6 freshwater mussel species from the Mobile Basin, USA. Journal of the North American Benthological Society. 16(3):576585.
Haag, W.R. and Warren, M.L.. 2003. Host fishes and infection strategies of freshwater mussels in large Mobile Basin streams, USA. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 22(1):7891.
Haag, W.R. and Warren, M.L.. 2004. Species Richness and Total Population Size of Freshwater Mussels in Horse Lick Creek, Kentucky in 2003. Unpublished report, USDA Forest Service, Oxford, MS, USA.
Haag, W.R. and Williams, J.D.. 2014. Biodiversity on the brink: an assessment of conservation strategies for North American freshwater mussels. Hydrobiologia 735:4560.
Hadfield, C.A. and Clayton, L.A.. 2011. Fish quarantine: current practices in public zoos and aquaria. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 42(4):641650.
Haggerty, T.M., Garner, J.T., and Rogers, R.L.. 2005. Reproductive phenology in Megalonaias nervosa (Bivalvia: Unionidae) in Wheeler Reservoir, Tennessee River, Alabama, USA. Hydrobiologia 539:131136.
Haggerty, T.M., Garner, J.T., Crews, A.E., and Kawamura, R.. 2011. Reproductive seasonality and annual fecundity in Arcidens confragosus (Unionidae: Unioninae: Anodontini) from Tennessee River, Alabama, USA. Invertebrate Reproduction and Development 55(4):230235.
Halverson, A. 2010. An Entirely Synthetic Fish: How Rainbow Trout Beguiled America and Overran the World. Yale University Press, New Haven, KT, USA.
Hanlon, S.D., Petty, M.A., and Neves, R.J.. 2009. Status of native freshwater mussels in Copper Creek, Virginia. Southeastern Naturalist 8:118.
Hartfield, P.D. and Hartfield, E.. 1996. Observations on the conglutinates of Pychobranchus greenii (Conrad 1834) (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Unionoidea). American Midland Naturalist 135:370375.
Hastie, L.C. and Young, M. R.. 2003a. Conservation of the Freshwater Pearl Mussel: Captive Breeding Techniques. Conserving Natura 2000 Rivers Ecology Series No.2, English Nature, Peterborough, UK.
Hastie, L.C. and Young, M.R.. 2003b. Timing of spawning and glochidial release in Scottish freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) populations. Freshwater Biology 48:21072117.
Heard, W.H. 1998. Brooding patterns in freshwater mussels. Malacological Review, Supplement 7, Bivalvia. 1:105121.
Heard, W.H. and Guckert, R.H.. 1970. A re-evaluation of the Recent Unionacea (Pelecypoda) of North America. Malacologia 10:333355.
Heasman, M.P., Sushames, T.M., Diemar, J.A., O'Connor, W.A., and Foulkes, L.A.. 2001. Production of Micro-algal Concentrates for Aquaculture. Part 2: Development and Evaluation of Harvesting, Preservation, Storage and Feeding Technology. NSW Fisheries Final Report Series No. 34, ISSN 1440-3544.
Heath, A.G. and Chen, L.Y.. 1996. Using Physiological Measurements to Establish Water Quality Criteria for Freshwater Mussels. Final Report to U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Asheville, NC, USA.
Helm, M.M. and Bourne, N.. 2004. Hatchery Culture of Bivalves: A Practical Manual. FAO, Rome.
Helm, M.M., Holland, D.L. and Stephenson, R.R. 1973. The effect of supplementary algal feeding of a hatchery breeding stock of Ostrea edulis L. on larval vigour. Journal of the Marine Biological Association U.K. 53:673684.
Henley, W.F., Zimmerman, L.L., Neves, R.J., and Kidd, M.. 2001. Design and evaluation of recirculating water systems for maintenance and propagation of freshwater mussels. North American Journal of Aquaculture 63:144155.
Henley, W.F., Grobler, P.J., and Neves, R.J.. 2006. Non-invasive method to obtain DNA from freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae). Journal of Shellfish Research 25:975977.
Hochwald, S. 1997. Das Beziehungsgefüge innerhalb der Größenwachstums- und Fortpflanzungsparameter bayrischer Bachmuschelpopulationen (Unio crassus Phil. 1788) und dessen Abhängigkeit von Umweltparametern. Dissertation, Universität Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.
Hoeh, W.R., Frazer, K.S., Naranjo-García, E., and Trdan, R.J.. 1995. A phylogenetic perspective on the evolution of simultaneous hermaphrodism in a freshwater mussel clade (Bivalvia: Unionidae: Utterbackia). Malacolgical Review 28:2542.
Hoggarth, M. A. 1992. An examination of the glochidia-host relationship reported in the literature for North American species of Unionacea (Mollusca: Bivalvia). Malacology Data Net 3:130.
Hoggarth, M. A. and Gaunt, A.S.. 1988. Mechanics of glochidial attachment (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Unionidae). Journal of Morphology 198:7181.
Hornbach, D.J., Way, C.M., Wissing, T.E., and Burky, A.J.. 1984. Effects of particle concentration and season on the filtration rates of the freshwater clam, Sphaerium striatinum Lamarck (Bivalvia: Pisidiidae). Hydrobiologia 108:8396.
Hornbach, D.J., Kurth, V.J., and Hove, M.C.. 2010. Variation in freshwater mussel shell sculpture and shape along a river gradient. American Midland Naturalist 164:2236.
Hove, M.C., Sietman, B.E., Bakelaar, J.E., et al. 2011. Early life history and distribution of Pistolgrip (Tritogonia verrucosa (Rafinesque, 1820)) in Minnesota and Wisconsin. American Midland Naturalist 165:338354.
Howard, A.D. 1914. Experiments in the Propagation of Freshwater Mussels of the Quadrula Group. Report of the US Commissioner of Fisheries 1913 Appendix 4:1–52. Issued separately as US Bureau of Fisheries Document No. 801. US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, USA.
Howard, A.D. 1915. Some exceptional cases of breeding among the Unionidae. Nautilus 29(1):411.
Howard, A.D. 1922. Experiments in the culture of freshwater mussels. Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Fisheries 38:6389.
Howard, A.D. and Anson, B.J.. 1922. Phases in the parasitism of the Unionidae. Journal of Parasitology 9:6882.
Howells, R.G., Mather, C.M., and Bergmann, J.A.M.. 1997. Conservation status of selected freshwater mussels in Texas. In Cummings, K.S., Buchanan, A.C., Mayer, C.A., and Naimo, T.J. (editors), Conservation and Management of Freshwater Mussels II: Initiatives for the Future. Proceedings of a UMRCC Symposium, Rock Island, Illinois. UMRCC, Onalaska, WI, USA.
Hruska, J. 1992. The freshwater pearl mussel in South Bohemia: Evaluation of the effect of temperature on reproduction, growth and age structure of the population. Archiv für Hydrobiologie 126:181191.
Imlay, M.J. 1973. Effects of potassium on survival and distribution of freshwater mussels. Malacologia 12:97113.
International Union for Conservation of Nature. 2016. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2016-3. www.iucnredlist.org (accessed April 2017).
Ishibashi, R., Komaru, A. and Kondo, T.. 2000. Sperm sphere in unionid mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae). Zoological Science 17:947950.
Isom, B.G. 1971. A biologist's look at the history of Muscle Shoals (Mussel Shoals). Malacological Review 4:203206.
Isom, B.G. and Hudson, R.G.. 1982. In vitro culture of parasitic freshwater mussel glochidia. Nautilus 96:147151.
Jackson, R. B., Carpenter, S. R., Dahm, C. N., et al. 2001. Water in a changing world. Ecological Applications 11(4):10271045.
Jansen, W., Bauer, G., and Zahner-Meike, E. 2001. Glochidial mortality in freshwater mussels. Pages 185211 in Bauer, G. and Wachtler, K. (editors), Ecological Studies, Vol. 145, Ecology and Evolution of the Freshwater Mussels Unionoida, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany.
Jelks, H. L., Walsh, S. J., Burkhead, N. M., et al. 2008. Conservation status of imperiled North American freshwater and diadromous fishes. Fisheries 33(8):372407.
Jeong, K.H. 1989. An ultrastructural study on the glochidium and glochidial encystment on the host fish. Korean Journal of Malacology 5:19.
Johnson, P. D., Bogan, A. E., Brown, K. M., et al. 2013. Conservation status of freshwater gastropods of Canada and the United States. Fisheries 38(6):247282.
Jones, H.A., Simpson, R.D., and Humphrey, C.L.. 1986. The reproductive cycles and glochidia of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Hyriidae) of the Macleay River, northern New South Wales, Australia. Malacalogia 27(1):185202.
Jones, J.W. and Neves, R.J.. 2010. Descriptions of a new species and a new subspecies of freshwater mussels, Epioblasma ahlstedti and Epioblasma florentina aureola (Bivalvia: Unionidae), in the Tennessee River drainage, USA. Nautilus 124(2):7792.
Jones, J.W., Neves, R.J., Ahlstedt, S.A., and Mair, R.A.. 2004. Life history and propagation of the endangered dromedary pearlymussel (Dromus dromas) (Bivalvia:Unionidae). Journal of the North American Benthological Society 23(3):515525.
Jones, J.W., Mair, R.A., and Neves, R.J.. 2005. Factors affecting survival and growth of juvenile freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) cultured in recirculating aquaculture systems. Journal of North American Aquaculture 67:210220.
Jones, J.W., Hallerman, E.M., and Neves, R.J.. 2006a. Genetic management guidelines for captive propagation of freshwater mussels (Unionoidea). Journal of Shellfish Research 25(2):527535.
Jones, J.W., Neves, R.J., Ahlstedt, S.A. and Hallerman, E.A.. 2006b. A holistic approach to taxonomic evaluation of two closely related endangered freshwater mussel species, the oyster mussel Epioblasma capsaeformis and tan riffleshell Epioblasma florentina walkeri (Bivalvia: Unionidae). Journal of Molluscan Studies 72:267283.
Jones, J.W., Neves, R.J. and Hallerman, E.M.. 2012. Population performance criteria to evaluate reintroduction and recovery of two endangered mussel species, Epioblasma brevidens and Epioblasma capsaeformis (Bivalvia: Unionidae). Walkerana: Journal of the Freshwater Mollusk Conservation Society 15(1):2744.
Jones, J.W., Ahlstedt, S.A., Ostby, B.J.K., et al. 2014. Clinch River freshwater mussels upstream of Norris Reservoir, Tennessee and Virginia: a quantitative assessment from 2004–2014. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 50:820836.
Jørgensen, C.B. 1990. Bivalve Filter Feeding: Hydrodynamics, Bioenergetics, Physiology and Ecology. Olsen and Olsen, Fredensborg, Denmark.
Karna, D.W. and Millemann, R.E.. 1978. Glochidiosis of salmonid fishes. III. Comparative susceptibility to natural infection with Margaritifera margaritifera (L.) (Pelecypoda: Margaritanidae) and associated histopathology. Journal of Parasitology 64:528537.
Kat, P.W. 1984. Parasitism and the Unionacea (Bivalvia). Biological Reviews 59:189207.
Keller, A.E. and Zam, S.G.. 1990. Simplification of in vitro culture techniques for freshwater mussels. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 9:12911296.
Khym, J.R. and Layzer, J.B.. 2000. Host suitability for glochidia of Ligumia recta. American Midland Naturalist 143:178184.
Knauer, J. and Southgate, P.C.. 1999. A review of the nutritional requirements of bivalves and the development of alternative and artificial diets for bivalve aquaculture. Reviews in Fisheries Science 7:241280.
Kondo, T. 1990. Reproductive biology of a small bivalve Grandiera burtoni in Lake Tanganyika. Venus 49:120125.
Kreeger, D.A. and Langdon, C.J.. 1993. Effect of dietary protein content on growth of juvenile mussels, Mytilus trossulus (Gould 1850). Biological Bulletin 185:123139.
Lane, T., Dan, H., and Jones, J. W.. 2014. Reintroduction of Endangered Freshwater Mussel Populations to High Priority Geographic Areas in the Upper Tennessee River System. Unpublished report, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Asheville, NC, USA.
Lasee, B.A. 1991. Histological and Ultrastructural Studies of Larval and Juvenile Lampsilis (Bivalvia) from the Upper Mississippi River. Doctoral Dissertation. Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
Layzer, J.B., Gordon, M.E., and Anderson, R. M.. 1993. Mussels: the forgotten fauna of regulated rivers. A case study of the Caney Fork River. Regulated Rivers: Research and Management 8:6371.
Lefevre, G. and Curtis, W.C.. 1910. Reproduction and parasitism in the Unionidae. Journal of Experimental Zoology 9:79115.
Lefevre, G. and Curtis, W.C.. 1912. Studies on the reproduction and artificial propagation of freshwater mussels. Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries 30:105201.
Lellis, W.A. and King, T.L.. 1998. Release of metamorphosed juveniles by the green floater, Lasmigona subviridis. Triannual Unionid Report 16:23.
Leydig, F. 1866. Mittheilung uder den Parisitismus junger Unioniden an Fischen in Noll. Inaugural-Dissertation, Tübingen, Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany.
Lima, P., Lima, M.L., Kovitvadhi, U., et al. 2012. A review on the “in vitro” culture of freshwater mussels (Unionoida). Hydrobiologia 691(1):2133.
Lopes-Lima, M., Sousa, R., Geist, J., et al. 2017. Conservation status of freshwater mussels in Europe: state of the art and future challenges. Biological Reviews 92:572607.
Lydeard, C., Mulvey, M., and Davis, G.M.. 1996. Molecular systematics and evolution of reproductive traits in North American freshwater unionacean mussels (Mollusca: Bivalvia) as inferred from 16S rRNA gene sequences. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 351:15931603.
Lydeard, C., Crowie, R.H., Bogan, A.E., et al. 2004. The global decline of nonmarine mollusks. BioScience 54:321330.
Lynn, J. W. 1994. The ultrastructure of the sperm and motile spermatozeugmata released from the freshwater mussel Anodonta grandis (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Unionidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology 72:14521461.
Mackie, G.L. 1984. Bivalves. Pages 351418 in Wilbur, K.M., Tompa, A.S., Verdonk, N.H., and van den Biggelaar, J.A.M. (editors), The Mollusca, Vol. 7: Reproduction. Academic Press, Orlando, FL, USA.
Mair, R.A. 2013. A Suitable Diet and Culture System for Rearing Freshwater Mussels at White Sulphur Springs National Fish Hatchery, West Virginia. Master's Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Mansur, M.C.D. and Campos-Velho, N.M.R.. 1990. Técnicas para o estudo dos gloquídios de Hyriidae (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Unionoida). Acta Biolica Leopoldensia 12(1):518.
Matisoff, G., Fisher, J.G., and Matis, S.. 1985. Effect of macroinvertebrates on the exchange of solutes between sediments and freshwater. Hydrobiologia 122:1933.
McCall, P.L., Tevesz, M.J.S., Wang, X., and Jackson, J.R.. 1995. Particle mixing rates of freshwater bivalves: Anodonta grandis (Unionidae) and Sphaerium striatinium (Pisidiidae). Journal of Great Lakes Research 21:333339.
McMahon, R.F. 1991. Mollusca: Bivalvia. Pages 315390 in Thorp, J.H. and Covich, A.P. (editors), Ecology and Classification of North American Freshwater Invertebrates. Academic Press, New York, USA.
McMichael, G.A. and Pearsons, T.N.. 2001. Upstream movement of residual hatchery steelhead into areas containing bull trout and cutthroat trout. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 21:943946.
McMichael, G. A., Pearsons, T. N., and Leider, S. A.. 1999. Behavioral interactions among hatcheryreared steelhead smolts and wild Oncorhynchus mykiss in natural streams. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 19:948956.
Milam, C.D., Farris, J.L., Dwyer, F.J., and Hardesty, D.K.. 2005. Acute toxicity of six freshwater mussel species (glochidia) to six chemicals: implications for daphnids and Utterbackia imbecillis as surrogates for protection of freshwater mussels (Unionidae). Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 48:166173.
Molony, B.W., Lenanton, R., Jackson, G., and Norriss, J.. 2003. Stock enhancement as a fisheries management tool. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 13:409432.
Morowski, D.E., James, L.J., and Hunter, R.D.. 2009. Freshwater mussels in the Clinton River, southeastern Michigan: an assessment of community status. Michigan Academician 39:131138.
Morrison, P.A., Gatenby, C.M., Devers, J., Patterson, M.A., and Mair, R.M.. 2013. Salvage and Refuge of Target Mussel Species (2004–2012): Mitigation of Bridge Replacement at East Brady, PA. Final report from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to PENN DOT: Memorandum of Agreement no. 430658 work order no. 1a and 1b.
Mulcrone, R.S. 2004. Incorporating Habitat Characterstics and Fish Hosts to Predict Freshwater Mussel (Bivalvia: Unionidae) Distributions in the Lake Erie Drainage, Southeastern Michigan. Dissertation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Murphy, G. 1942. Relationship of the freshwater mussel to trout in the Truckee River. California Fish and Game 28:89102.
Naimo, T.J. 1995. A review of the effects of heavy metals on freshwater mussels. Ecotoxicology 4:341362.
NatureServe. 2015. Natural Heritage Central Databases. NatureServe, Arlington, VA, USA.
Navarro, J.M., and Winter, J.E.. 1982. Ingestion rate, assimilation efficiency and energy balance in Mytilus chilensis in relation to body size and different algal concentrations. Marine Biology 67:255266.
Negus, C.L. 1966. A quantitative study of growth and production of unionid mussels in the River Thames at Reading. Journal of Animal Ecology 35:513532.
Neves, R. J. 2004. Propagation of endangered freshwater mussels in North America. Journal of Conchology, Special Publication 3:6980.
Neves, R.J., Bogan, A.E., Williams, J.D., Ahlstedt, S.A., and Harfield, P.W.. 1997. Status of mollusks in the southeast. Pages 4385 in Benz, G.W. and Collings, D. E. (editors), Aquatic Fauna in Peril: The Southeastern Perspective. Southeast Aquatic Research Institute Special Publication I. Lenz Design and Communications, Decatur, GA, USA.
Newton, T.J. and Bartsch, M.R.. 2007. Lethal and sublethal effects of ammonia to juvenile Lampsilis mussels (Unionidae) in sediment and water-only exposures. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 26(10):20572065.
Nezlin, L.P., Cunjak, R.A., Zotin, A.A., and Ziuganov, V.V.. 1994. Glochidium morphology of the freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) and glochidiosis of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): A study by scanning electron microscopy. Canadian Journal of Zoology 72(1):1521.
Nichols, S. and Garling, D.. 2000. Food-web dynamics and trophic-level interactions in a multispecies community of freshwater unionids. Canadian Journal of Zoology 78:871882.
Nickum, M.J., Mazik, P.M., Nickum, J.G., and MacKinlay, D.D. (eds.) 2004. Propagated Fish in Resource Management. American Fisheries Society Symposium 44, American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Nobles, T. and Zhang, Y.. 2011. Biodiversity loss in freshwater mussels: importance, threats, and solutions. Pages 137162 in Grillo, O. (editor), Biodiversity Loss in a Changing Planet. InTech, Rijeka, Croatia.
Noga, E.J. 1996. Fish Disease Diagnosis and Treatment. Mosby-Year Book, Inc., St. Louis, MO, USA.
O'Brien, C.A. and Williams, J.D.. 2002. Reproductive biology of four freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) endemic to eastern Gulf Coastal Plain drainages of Alabama, Florida, and Georgia. American Malacological Bulletin 17(1):147158.
Ortmann, A.E. 1911. A monograph of the najades of Pennsylvania. Parts I and II. Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum. 4:279247.
Ortmann, A.E. 1912. Notes upon the families and genera of the Najades. Annals of the Carnegie Museum 8:22365.
Ortmann, A.E. 1918. The nayades (freshwater mussels) of the upper Tennessee river drainage. With notes on synonymy and distribution. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society. 57:521626.
Ortmann, A.E. 1920. Correlation of shape and station in fresh-water mussels (Naiades). Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 59:269312.
Owen, C. T. 2009. Investigations for the Conservation and Propagation of Freshwater Mussels. Dissertation, University of Louisville, Louisville, KT, USA.
Owen, C.T., Alexander, J.E., and McGregor, M.. 2010. Control of microbial contamination during in vitro culture of larval unionid mussels. Invertebrate Reproduction and Development 54:187193.
Parodiz, J.J. and Bonetto, A.A.. 1963. Taxonomy and zoogeographic relationships of the South American naiades (Pelecypoda: Unionacea and Mutelacea). Malacologia 1(2):179213.
Pereira, D., Mansur, M.C.D., and Pimpoa, D.M.. 2012. Identificação e diferenciação dos bivalves límnicos invasores dos demais bivalves nativos do Brasil. Pages 7594 in Mansur, M.C.D., Santos, C.P., Pereira, D., et al. (editors), Moluscos Límnicos Invasores no Brasil: Biologia, Prevenção e Controle. Redes Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brasil.
Pereira, D., Mansur, M. C. D., Duarte, L. D. S., et al. 2014. Bivalve distribution in hydrographic regions in South America: historical overview and conservation. Hydrobiologia 735(1):1544.
Perrier, C., Guyomard, R., Bagliniere, J.-L., Nikolic, N., and Evanno, G.. 2013. Changes in the genetic structure of Atlantic salmon populations over four decades reveal substantial impacts of stocking and potential resiliency. Ecology and Evolution 3(7):23342349.
Piper, R.G., McElwain, I.B., Orme, L.E., et al. 1982. Fish Hatchery Management. U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington D.C., USA.
Ponis, E., Robert, R., and Parisi, G.. 2003. Nutritional value of fresh and concentrated algal diets for larval and juvenile Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas). Aquaculture 221:491505.
Poole, K.E. and Downing, J.A.. 2004. Relationship of declining mussel biodiversity to stream-reach and watershed characteristics in an agricultural landscape. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 23:114125.
Popov, I.Y. and Ostrovsky, A. N.. 2014. Survival and extinction of the southern populations of freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera in Russia (Leningradskaya and Novgorodskaya oblast). Hydrobiologia 735:161177.
Pritchard, J. A. 2001. An Historical Analysis of Mussel Propagation and Culture: Research Performed at the Fairport Biological Station. Natural Resource Ecology and Management Publications. 58. http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/nrem_pubs/58 (accessed September 2017).
Quilhac, A. and Sire, J.Y.. 1999. Spreading, proliferation, and differentiation of the epidermis after wounding a cichlid fish, Hemichromis bimaculatus. The Anatomical Record 254(3):435451.
Rach, J.J., Brady, T., Schreier, T.M., and Aloisi, D.. 2006. Safety of fish therapeutants to glochidia of the plain pocketbook mussel during encystment on largemouth bass. North American Journal of Aquaculture 68:348354.
Rathke, J. 1797. Om Dam-Muslingen. Naturhist Selskabets Skr Kjobenhavn 4:139179.
Reuling, F. H. 1919. Acquired immunity to an animal parasite. Journal of Infectious Disease 24:337346.
Ricciardi, A. and Rasmussen, J.B.. 1999. Extinction rates of North American freshwater fauna. Conservation Biology 13(5):12201222.
Richard, P.E., Dietz, T. H., and Silverman, H.. 1991. Structure of the gill during reproduction in the unionids Anodonta grandis, Ligumia subrostrata, and Carunculina parva texasensis. Canadian Journal of Zoology 69(7):17441754.
Richman, N. I., Böhm, M., Adams, S. B., et al. 2015. Multiple drivers of decline in the global status of freshwater crayfish (Decapoda: Astacidea). Philisophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. 370:111.
Riusech, F.A. and Barnhart, M.C.. 2000. Host suitability and utilization in Venustaconcha ellipsiformis and Venustaconcha pleasii. Pages 8391 in Tankersley, R.A., Watters, T., Armitage, B., and Warmolts, D. (editors), Proceedings of the Captive Care, Propagation, and Conservation of Freshwater Mussels Symposium, March 6–8, 1998, Columbus, Ohio. Ohio University Press, Columbus, OH, USA.
Roberts, A.D. and Barnhart, M.C.. 1999. Effects of temperature, pH, and CO2 on transformation of glochidia of the flat floater mussel, Anodonta suborbiculata. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 18(4):477487.
Rodgers, S.O. 1999. Population Biology Of The Tan Riffleshell (Epioblasma florentina walkeri) and the Effects of Substratum and Light on Juvenile Mussel Propagation. Master's Thesis. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Roe, K.J., Simons, A.M., and Hartfield, P.D.. 1997. Identification of a fish host of the inflated heelsplitter Potamilus inflatus (Bivalvia:Unionidae) with a description of its glochidium. American Midland Naturalist 138:4854.
Rogers-Lowery, C.L. and Dimock, R.V.. 2006. Encapsulation of attached ectoparasitic glochidia larvae of freshwater mussels by epithelial tissue on fins of naive and resistant host fish. Biological Bulletin 210:5163.
Schwartz, M.L. and Dimock, R.V. Jr. 2001. Ultrastructural evidence for nutritional exchange between brooding unionid mussels and their glochidia larvae. lnvertebrate Biology 20(3):227236.
Seddon, M., Appleton, C., Van Damme, D., and Graf, D.. 2011. Freshwater molluscs of Africa: diversity, distribution, and conservation. Pages 92119 in Darwall, W., Smith, K., Allen, D., et al. (editors), The Diversity of Life in African Freshwaters: Under Water, Under Threat. An Analysis of the Status and Distribution of Freshwater Species Throughout Mainland Africa. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.
Shadoan, M.K. and Dimock, R.V.. 2000. Differential sensitivity of hooked (Utterbackia imbecillis) and hookless (Megalonaias nervosa) glochidia to chemical and mechanical stimuli (Bivalvia: Unionidae). Pages 93102 in Tankersley, R.A., Warmolts, D.I., Watters, G.T., et al. (editors), Freshwater Mollusk Symposium Proceedings. Ohio Biological Survey, Columbus, OH, USA.
Sietman, B.E., Davis, J.M., and Hove, M.C.. 2012. Mantle display and glochidia release behaviors of five Quadruline freshwater mussel species (Bivalvia: Unionidae). American Malacological Bulletin 30(1):3946.
Smith, D. G. 2001. Systematics and distribution of the recent Margaritiferidae. Pages 3349 in Bauer, G. and Wächtler, K. (editors), Ecology and Evolution of the Freshwater Mussels Unionoida. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany.
Southgate, P.C., Lee, P.S., and Nell, J.A.. 1992. Preliminary assessment of a microencapsulated diet for the larval culture of the Sydney rock oyster, Saccostrea commercialis (Iredale and Roughley). Aquaculture 105:345352.
Spooner, D.E. and Vaughn, C.C.. 2006. Context-dependent effects of freshwater mussels on stream benthic communities. Freshwater Biology 51:10161024.
Spooner, D. E. and Vaughn, C. C.. 2009. Species richness and temperature influence mussel biomass: a partitioning approach applied to natural communities. Ecology 90:781790.
Steingraber, M.T., Bartsch, M.R., Kalas, J.E., and Newton, T.J.. 2007. Thermal criteria for early life stage development of the winged mapleleaf mussel (Quadrula fragosa). American Midland Naturalist 157:297311.
Sterki, V. 1903. Notes on the Unionidae and their classification. Nautilus 12:1821, 2832.
Strayer, D. L. 2006. Challenges for freshwater invertebrate conservation. Journal of the North American Benthological Society. 25:271287.
Strayer, D. L. 2014. Understanding how nutrient cycles and freshwater mussels (Unionoida) affect one another. Hydrobiologia 735:277292.
Strayer, D.L. and Malcom, H.M.. 2012. Causes of recruitment failure in freshwater mussel populations in southeastern New York. Ecological Applications 22:17801790.
Strayer, D. L. and Smith, D. R.. 2003. A Guide to Sampling Freshwater Mussel Populations. Monograph 8, American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Strayer, D.L., Caraco, N.F., Cole, J.J., Findlay, S., and Pace, M.L.. 1999. Transformation of freshwater ecosystems by bivalves: a case study of zebra mussels in the Hudson River. Bioscience 49(1):1927.
Strayer, D.L., Downing, J.A., Haag, W.R., et al. 2004. Changing perspectives on pearly mussels, North America's most imperiled animals. Bioscience 54:429439.
Surber, T. 1912. Identification of the Glochidia of Freshwater Mussels. Report and Special Papers of the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries.
Tankersley, R.A. 1996. Multipurpose gills: effect of larval brooding on the feeding physiology of freshwater unionid mussels. Invertebrate Biology 115:243255.
Tankersley, R.A. and Dimock, R.V. Jr. 1993. Endoscopic visualization of the functional morphology of the ctenidia of the unionid mussel Pyganodon cataracta. Canadian Journal of Zoology 71(4):811819.
Taylor, C. A., Schuster, G. A., Cooper, J. E., et al. 2007. A reassessment of the conservation status of crayfishes of the United States and Canada after 10+ years of increased awareness. Fisheries 32(8):372389.
Thomas, G. R., Taylor, J., and Garcia de Leaniz, C.. 2010. Captive breeding of the endangered freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera. Endangered Species Research 12:19.
Timmons, M.B. and Ebeling, J.M.. 2010. Recirculating Aquaculture, 2nd edn. Cayuga Aqua Ventures, Ithaca, NY, USA.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and National Marine Fisheries Service. 2000. Policy regarding controlled propagation of species listed under the Endangered Species Act. Federal Register 65:5691656922.
Uthaiwan, K., Noparatnarapom, N., and Machado, J.. 2001. Culture of glochidia of the freshwater pearl mussel Hyriopsis myersiana (Lea, 1856) in artificial media. Aquaculture 195:6169.
Uthaiwan, K., Pakkong, P., Noparatnarapom, N., Vilarinho, L., and Machado, J.. 2002. Study of a suitable fish plasma for in vitro culture of glochidia Hyriopsis myersiana. Aquaculture 209:197208.
Uthaiwan, K., Pakkong, P., Noparatnarapom, N., Vilarinho, L., and Machado, J.. 2003. Studies on the plasma composition of fish host of the freshwater mussel, Hyriopsis myersiana, with implications for improvement of the medium for culture of glochidia. Invertebrate Reproduction and Development 44(1):5361.
Utterback, W.I. 1931. Sex behavior among naiades. Proceedings of the West Virginia Academy of Science 5:4345.
van der Schalie, H. 1970. Hermaphrodism among North American freshwater mussels. Malacologia 10:93112.
Vaughn, C. C. 2010. Biodiversity losses and ecosystem function in freshwaters: emerging conclusions and research directions. Bioscience 60:2535.
Vaughn, C.C. and Spooner, D.E.. 2006. Unionid mussels influence macroinvertebrate assemblage structure in streams. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 25:691700.
Vaughn, C.C., Gido, K.B., and Spooner, D.E.. 2004. Ecosystem processes performed by unionid mussels in stream mesocosms: species roles and effects on abundance. Hydrobiologia 527:3547.
Vörösmarty, C. J., McIntyre, P. B., Gessner, M. O., et al. 2010. Global threats to human water security and river biodiversity. Nature 467:555561.
Wächtler, K., Dreher-Mansur, M.C., and Richter, T.. 2001. Larval types and early postlarval biology in naiads (Unionoida). Pages 93125 in Bauer, G. and Wachtler, K. (editors), Ecology and Evolution of the Freshwater Mussels Unionoida. Ecological Studies 145. Springer, Berlin, Germany.
Walker, K. F., Jones, H. A., and Klunzinger, M. W.. 2014. Bivalves in a bottleneck: taxonomy and conservation of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionoida) in Australasia. Hydrobiologia 735:6179.
Waller, D. L. and Mitchell, L. G.. 1989. Gill tissue reactions in walleye Stizostedion vitreum vitreum and common carp Cyprinus carpio to glochidia of the freshwater mussel Lampsilis radiata siliquoidea. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 6:8187.
Waller, D.L., Rach, J.J., Cope, W.G., and Miller, G.A.. 1995. Effects of handling and aerial exposure on the survival of unionid mussels. Journal of Freshwater Ecology 10:199208.
Walne, P.R. 1964. The culture of marine bivalve larvae. Pages 197210 in Wilbur, K. and Yonge, C.M. (editors), Physiology of the Mollusca, Vol. 1. Academic Press, New York, USA.
Wang, N., Ingersoll, C. G., Greer, I.E., et al. 2007a. Chronic toxicity of copper and ammonia to juvenile freshwater mussels (Unionidae). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 26(10):20482056.
Wang, N., Ingersoll, C.G., Hardesty, D.K., et al. 2007b. Acute toxicity of copper, ammonia, and chlorine to glochidia and juveniles of freshwater mussels (Unionidae). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 26(10):20362047.
Wang, N., Ingersoll, C.G., Ivey, C.D., et al. 2010. Sensitivity of early life stages of freshwater mussels (Unionidae) to acute and chronic toxicity of lead, cadmium, and zinc in water. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 29(9):20532063.
Wang, N., Consbrock, R.A., Ingersoll, C.G., and Barnhart, M. C.. 2011. Evaluation of influence of sediment on the sensitivity of a Unionid mussel (Lampsilis siliquoidea) to ammonia in 28-day water exposures. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 30:22702276.
Wang, N., Ivey, C. D., Ingersoll, C. G., et al. 2016. Acute sensitivity of a broad range of freshwater mussels to chemicals with different modes of toxic action. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 36:786796.
Watters, G.T. 1999. Morphology of the conglutinate of the kidneyshell freshwater mussel, Ptychobranchus fasciolaris. Invertebrate Biology 118(3):289295.
Watters, G.T. and O'Dee, S.H.. 1999. Glochidia of the freshwater mussel Lampsilis overwintering on fish hosts. Journal of Molluscan Studies 65:453459.
Watters, G.T., Hoggarth, M.A., and Stansbery, D.H.. 2009. The Freshwater Mussels of Ohio. Ohio State University Press, Columbus, OH, USA.
Welker, M. and Walz, N.. 1998. Can mussels control the plankton in rivers?: a planktological approach applying a Lagrangian sampling strategy. Limnology and Oceanography 43(5):753762.
Whelan, N.V., Geneva, A.J., and Graf, D.L.. 2011. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of tropical freshwater mussels (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Unionoida) resolves the position of Coelatura and supports a monophyletic Unionidae. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 61:504514.
Whyte, J. N. C., Bourne, N., and Hodgson, C. A.. 1989. Influence of algal diets on biochemical composition and energy reserves in Patinopecten yessoensis (Jay) larvae. Aquaculture 78:333347.
Wiley, R.W. 2008. The 1962 rotenone treatment of the Green River, Wyoming and Utah, revisited: lessons learned. Fisheries 33:611617.
Williams, J.D., Warren, M.L. Jr., Cummings, K.S., Harris, J.L., and Neves, R.J.. 1993. Conservation status of the freshwater mussels of the United States and Canada. Fisheries 18:622.
Williams, J.D., Bogan, A.E., and Garner, J.T.. 2008. Freshwater Mussels of Alabama and the Mobile Basin in Georgia, Mississippi, and Tennessee. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA.
Winter, J. E. 1978. A review on the knowledge of suspension-feeding lamellibranchiate bivalves, with special reference to artificial aquaculture systems. Aquaculture 13:133.
Wood, E.M. 1974. Some mechanisms involved in host recognition and attachment of the glochidium larva of Anodonta cygnea (Mollusca: Bivalvia). Journal of the Zoological Society of London 173:1530.
Wurts, W.A. and Durborow, R.M.. 1992. Interactions of pH, Carbon Dioxide, Alkalinity and Hardness in Fish Ponds. Southern Regional Aquaculture Center Publication No. 464. Southern Regional Aquaculture Center, Stoneville, MS, USA.
Yeager, M.M., Cherry, D.S., and Neves, R.J.. 1994. Feeding and burrowing behavior of juvenile rainbow mussels, Villosa iris (Bivalvia: Unionidae). Journal of the North American Benthological Society 13:217222.
Young, M. and Williams, J.. 1984a. The reproductive biology of the freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera (LINN.) in Scotland I. Field studies. Archiv für Hydrobiologie 99:405422.
Young, M. and Williams, J.. 1984b. The reproductive biology of the freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera (LINN.) in Scotland II. Laboratory studies. Archiv für Hydrobiologie 100:2943.
Zale, A.V. and Neves, R.J.. 1982. Fish hosts of four species of lampsiline mussels (Mollusca: Unionidae) in Big Moccasin Creek, Virginia. Canadian Journal of Zoology 60(11):25352542.
Zimmerman, G. F. and de Szalay, F. A.. 2007. Influence of unionid mussels (Mollusca: Unionidae) on sediment stability: an artificial stream study. Fundamental and Applied Limnology 168:299306.
Zimmerman, L.L. and Neves, R.J.. 2002. Effects of temperature on duration of viability for glochidia of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae). American Malacological Bulletin 17(1/2):3135.

Metrics

Altmetric attention score

Full text views

Total number of HTML views: 0
Total number of PDF views: 0 *
Loading metrics...

Book summary page views

Total views: 0 *
Loading metrics...

* Views captured on Cambridge Core between #date#. This data will be updated every 24 hours.

Usage data cannot currently be displayed.