This chapter deals with applications and case studies in environmental science. It contains sections on applications and case studies in Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), in environmental monitoring, and in anthropogenically mediated global change (‘global warming’). The section on EIA includes a case study from the North Slope of Alaska. The section on environmental monitoring includes case studies on environmental monitoring of natural and anthropogenic effects on water quality, and on environmental monitoring of coral reef vitality. The section on anthropogenically mediated global change includes case studies on ocean acidification and on carbon dioxide sequestration.

Living Foraminifera and other micro- and macro-organisms, and dead Foraminifera and other micro- and macro-fossils, have proved of considerable use in environmental science, in EIA and in environmental monitoring, and in studies on anthropogenically mediated global change (see, for example, Jones, 1996, 2006, 2011a; and additional references cited therein; see also the further reading list at the end of the chapter).