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The Utrecht proof of the renormalizability of gauge-invariant massive vector meson theories in 1971 (Section 10.3), as observed by influential contemporary physicists, “would change our way of thinking on gauge field theory in a most profound way” (Lee, 1972) and “caused a great stir, made unification into a central research theme” (Pais, 1986). Confidence quickly built up within the particle physics community that a system of quantum fields whose dynamics is fixed by the gauge principle was a self-consistent and powerful conceptual framework for describing fundamental interactions in a unified way.