Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-22dnz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T13:43:55.660Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

7 - Transforming China’s IP system to stimulate innovation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 April 2016

Arie Y. Lewin
Affiliation:
Duke University, North Carolina
Martin Kenney
Affiliation:
University of California, Davis
Johann Peter Murmann
Affiliation:
University of New South Wales, Sydney
Get access
Type
Chapter
Information
China's Innovation Challenge
Overcoming the Middle-Income Trap
, pp. 152 - 188
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2016

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

BJIP (Beijing Intellectual Property Bureau). 2014. Beijing shi zhishi chanquan ju Beijing shi caizheng ju guanyu yinfa “Beijing shi zhuanli zizhu jin guanli banfa” de tongzhi [Beijing State Intellectual Property Bureau, Beijing Bureau of Finance Regarding the Publication “Beijing City Patent Subsidy Financial Administrative Law” Notification]. October 20. Available at www.bjipo.gov.cn/zwxx/zwgg/201410/t20141020_32950.html.Google Scholar
Cao, S. 2013. Faster but shorter versus longer but slower patent protection: Which do firms prefer? Innovation Seminar, University of California Berkeley College of Engineering, Fung Institute for Engineering Leadership, www.funginstitute.berkeley.edu/sites/default/files/Long%20UM%20IP%20SWC%2020130808_0.pdf.Google Scholar
Cao, S. 2014. Speed of patent protection, rate of technology obsolescence and optimal patent strategy: Evidence from innovation patented in U.S., China, and several other countries. Environment and Resource Economics Seminar, Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of California Berkeley, http://are.berkeley.edu/fields/erep/seminar/f2014/siwei_cao_patents.pdf.Google Scholar
Cao, S., Lei, Z., and Wright, B. 2014. Speed vs. length of patent protection: Evidence from innovations patented in U.S. and China. Job Market paper, Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of California Berkeley, https://are.berkeley.edu/sites/default/files/job-candidates/paper/SiweiCao_JMP121014.pdf.Google Scholar
CBIN (China Business Information Network). 2005. Woguo chuxian shenqing zhuanli rechao lese zhuanli bizhong gaoda 50% [China experiences a boom in patent applications with a 50% proportion of junk patents]. China Business Information Network News, November 16. Available at www.ecchn.com/20061116ecnews3847511.html.Google Scholar
CDIP (Chengdu Intellectual Property). 2013. Chengdu shi zhuanli zizhu guanli banfa (2013 nian) [Chengdu Patent Subsidy Administrative Law (2013)]. Available at www.cdip.gov.cn/ReadNews.asp?NewsID=11735/.Google Scholar
China News. 2005. Hu Jintao zhuxi jiu tigao Zhongguo keji zizhu chuangxin nengli ti san yaoqiu [President Hu Jintao puts forth three requirements to improve China’s technological indigenous innovation capability]. June 3. Available at www.chinanews.com.cn/news/2005/2005-06-03/26/582433.shtml.Google Scholar
China News. 2014. 2013 nian guojia caizheng keji zhichu wei 6184.9 yi bi shang nian zeng 10.4% [2013 China government S&T appropriation reaches CNY 618.49 billion: A year-on-year increase of 10.4%]. October 30. Available at www.chinanews.com/gn/2014/10-30/6734769.shtml.Google Scholar
DOST (Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education). 2007–13. Gaodeng xuexiao keji tongji ziliao huibian [Higher education science and technology statistics compilation]. Available at www.dost.moe.edu.cn/dostmoe/.Google Scholar
Economist. 2010. Patents, yes; ideas, maybe. The Economist, October 14. Available at www.economist.com/node/17257940/.Google Scholar
Etzkowitz, H. 2001. The second academic revolution and the rise of entrepreneurial science. Technology and Society Magazine, IEEE, 20, 1829.Google Scholar
Etzkowitz, H., and Leydesdorff, L. 2000. The dynamics of innovation: From national systems and “Mode 2” to a Triple Helix of university–industry–government relations. Research Policy, 29, 109123.Google Scholar
Freeman, C. 1987. Technology Policy and Economic Performance: Lessons from Japan. London: Pinter.Google Scholar
Freeman, C. 1989. Technology Policy and Economic Performance. London: Pinter.Google Scholar
Freeman, C. 1995. The “national system of innovation” in historical perspective. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 19, 524.Google Scholar
Fu, Y., Jiang, X., and Ma, Q. 2010. Zhongguo chuantong wenhua dui guonei zhuanli chan chu zhiliang de yingxiang fenxi [An analysis of the influence traditional Chinese culture has on domestic patent output quality]. Keji guanli yanjiu, 16, 252256.Google Scholar
Fuller, D. 2015. China’s political economy and prospect for technological innovation-based growth. In Building Innovation Capacity in China: An Agenda for Averting the Middle Income Trap, ed. Lewin, A., Murmann, J. P., and Kenney, M.. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Furr, R. B., and Palla, S. W. 2012. Invalidity Rate Study: China. San Antonio, TX: Intellectual Property Organization.Google Scholar
Graff, G. D. 2007. Echoes of Bayh-Dole? A survey of IP and technology transfer policies in emerging and developing economies. In Intellectual Property Management in Health and Agricultural Innovation: A Handbook of Best Practices, Volumes 1 and 2, ed. Krattiger, A., Mahoney, R., Nelsen, L., Thomson, J., Bennett, A., Satyanarayana, K., Fernandez, C., and Kowalski, S.. Oxford: MIHR, and Davis, CA: PIPRA, 169195.Google Scholar
Griliches, Z. 1990. Patent statistics as economic indicators: A survey. Journal of Economic Literature, 28, 16611707.Google Scholar
Guan, J. C., Yam, R. C., and Mok, C. K. 2005. Collaboration between industry and research institutes/universities on industrial innovation in Beijing, China. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 17, 339353.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
HIPB (Hubei Intellectual Property Bureau). 2007. Hubei sheng 2007 niandu shouquan zhuanli butie di yi pi da 120 wan [Hubei first round of annual patent subsidies reaches 1,200,000]. September 6. Available at www.hbipo.gov.cn/show/6212.Google Scholar
Hu, M.-C., and Mathews, J. A. 2008. China’s national innovative capacity. Research Policy, 37, 14651479.Google Scholar
Hu, M.-C., and Mathews, J. A. 2009. Estimating the innovation effects of university-industry-government linkages: The case of Taiwan. eContent Management, 15 (2), 138154.Google Scholar
Huang, C. 2012. Estimates of the value of patent rights in China. United Nations University – Maastricht Economic and Social Research and Training Centre on Innovation and Technology, 48.Google Scholar
Innofund. 2004–2014. Quanguo jishu shichang tongji niandu baogao [Annual report on statistics of China technology market]. China’s Ministry of Science and Technology Development and Planning Division and Chinese Technology Market Promotion Administration Center. Available at www.innofund.gov.cn/jssc/tjnb/.Google Scholar
JPO (Japan Patent Office). 2014. Japan Patent Office Annual Report 2014. Tokyo. Available at www.jpo.go.jp/shiryou_e/toushin_e/kenkyukai_e/pdf/annual_report2014/part1.pdf.Google Scholar
Kim, L. 1997. Imitation to Innovation: The Dynamics of Korea’s Technological Learning. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.Google Scholar
KIPO (Korean Intellectual Property Office). 2013. Statistics: Applications. Daejeon. Available at www.kipo.go.kr/upload/en/download/Applications.xls.Google Scholar
Krumm, K. L. and Kharas, H. J. 2004. East Asia Integrates: A Trade Policy Agenda for Shared Growth. Washington, DC: The World Bank and Oxford University Press. Available at https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/15038/280410PAPER0East0Asia0Integrates.pdf?sequence=1/.Google Scholar
Li, X. 2012. Behind the recent surge of Chinese patenting: An institutional view. Research Policy, 41, 236249.Google Scholar
Li, Y. 2015. Gaoxiao zhishi chanquan guanli kunjing yu chulu: Yi Zhejiang daxue wei li [University IP management predicaments and the road ahead: The case of Zhejiang University]. International Symposium on Intellectual Property Management at Universities and Research Institutes, Zhejiang University Research Institute for Intellectual Property Management, Zhejiang, China.Google Scholar
Liaoning Province. 2015. Guanyu jiakuai cujin keji chengguo zhuanhua de ruogan yijian liao ke fa [2015] 1 hao [Notification on the views regarding the publication of accelerating the promotion of science and technology achievement technology transfer. Liaoning Science Law (2015) no. 1]. Liaoning Province S&T Information. January 19. Available at www.lninfo.gov.cn/uploadfile/2015/0130/20150130105102221.pdf.Google Scholar
Lin, M. 2011. China Bayh-Dole Act: A framework fundamental to achieving the economic potential of China’s national patent development strategy (2011–2020). In Spring 2011 Eye on China Newsletter, Foley & Lardner LLP. April 22. Available at www.foley.com/intelligence/detail.aspx?int=8043.Google Scholar
Liu, K., Liu, C., and Huang, J. 2014. IPR in China: Market-oriented innovation or policy-induced rent-seeking? Workshop on the Actual Role of IPRs in Technological and Business Innovation, School of Law, Singapore Management University, Singapore.Google Scholar
Lu, W. 2008. Woguo de zhishi chanquan fazhan jinru zhanlue zhuanxing qi [China’s intellectual property rights development entering a strategic transformation period]. Juece zixun tongxun, 1, 4549.Google Scholar
Lundvall, B.-A. 1992. National Innovation System: Towards a Theory of Innovation and Interactive Learning. London: Pinter.Google Scholar
MOD (Ministry of Defense). 2015. Zhonggong zhongyang guowuyuan guanyu shenhua tizhi jizhi gaige jiakuai shishi chuangxin qudong fazhan zhanlue de ruogan yijian [CCP Central Committee and the State Council view on deepening institutional mechanism reform and accelerate the implementation of an innovation driven development strategy]. Available at www.mod.gov.cn/xwph/2015-03/24/content_4576385.htm.Google Scholar
MOE (Ministry of Education). 2015. Jianquan zhishi, jishu, guanli, jineng deng you yaosu shichang jueding baochou jizhi de diaoyan baogao jiaoyu bu keji si keti zu 2015 nian 4 yue [Building a comprehensive knowledge, technology, management, capability, and other market elements to determine remuneration research report by the Ministry of Education S&T Division Task Force April 2015]. Science and Technology Division Task Force. March 28. Available at http://cqt.njtech.edu.cn/artcle_view.asp?id=17171.Google Scholar
Moga, T. 2012. China’s Utility Model Patent System: Innovation Driver or Deterrent? Washington, DC: US Chamber of Commerce Asia. Available at www.uschamber.com/sites/default/files/legacy/international/files/020939_ChinaUtilityModel_2013Revised_FIN%20%281%29.pdf.Google Scholar
MOST (Ministry of Science and Technology). 2008. Guanyu yinfa “gaoxin jishu qiye rending guanli banfa” de tongzhi [Regarding the publication of high technology enterprises’ recognition administrative law notification]. Available at www.most.gov.cn/fggw/zfwj/zfwj2008/200804/t20080428_61006.htm.Google Scholar
MOST. 2008–2013. Keji tongji baogao [S&T Statistical Report]. Development and Planning Division.Google Scholar
MOST. 2010–2013. Zhongguo keji tongji shuju [China science & Technology Statistics Data Book]. Available at www.sts.org.cn/sjkl/kjtjdt/.Google Scholar
MOST. 2015. Cujin keji chengguo zhuanhua fa xiuzheng an (cao’an) tiaowen [Law on promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements (draft)]. Available at www.most.gov.cn/tztg/201503/t20150305_118402.htm.Google Scholar
NBD (Daily Economic News). 2014. Guowuyuan tongguo “cujin keji chengguo zhuanhua fa xiuzheng an (cao’an)” [State Council approves “law on promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements (draft)”]. November 20. Available at www.nbd.com.cn/articles/2014-11-20/877210.html.Google Scholar
NBS (National Bureau of Statistics). 2014a. 2013 nian quanguo keji jingfei touru tongji gongbao [2013 China S&T expenditure investment statistical report]. Available at www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjgb/rdpcgb/qgkjjftrtjgb/201410/t20141023_628330.html.Google Scholar
NBS. 2014b. Tongji ju: 2013 nian woguo GDP zeng su 7.7% [NBS: China’s 2013 GDP grew by 7.7%]. Available at http://finance.sina.com.cn/china/hgjj/20140224/093418308381.shtml.Google Scholar
NBS. 2015a. Basic statistics on higher education for S&T activities. Available at http://data.stats.gov.cn/english/easyquery.htm?cn=C01/.Google Scholar
NBS. 2015b. Basic statistics on S&T activities. Available at http://data.stats.gov.cn/english/easyquery.htm?cn=C01/.Google Scholar
NBS. 2015c. Three kinds of applications for patents accepted. Available at http://data.stats.gov.cn/english/easyquery.htm?cn=C01/.Google Scholar
NBS. 2015d. Three kinds of patents granted. Available at http://data.stats.gov.cn/english/easyquery.htm?cn=C01/.Google Scholar
Nelson, R. 1993. National Innovation Systems: A Comparative Analysis. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
NPC (National People’s Congress). 2007. Law of the People’s Republic of China on progress of science and technology. Standing Committee. Available at www.npc.gov.cn/englishnpc/Law/2009-02/20/content_1471617.htm.Google Scholar
OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development). 1997. National Innovation Systems. Available at www.oecd.org/science/inno/2101733.pdf.Google Scholar
People’s Daily. 2006. 1978 nian 3 yue 18 ri dengxiaoping zai quanguo kexue dahui kaimu shi shang de jianghua [Deng Xiaoping’s opening remarks during the National Science and Technology Conference March 18, 1978]. January 5. Available at http://scitech.people.com.cn/GB/25509/56813/57267/57268/4001431.html.Google Scholar
People’s Daily. 2014a. Daibiao chenxuedong: Kaohe zhuanli shuliang yi chu “lese zhuanli” [Representative Chen Xuedong: Using patent volume to evaluate performance leads to “junk patents”]. March 7. Available at http://ip.people.com.cn/n/2014/0307/c136655-24561817.html.Google Scholar
People’s Daily. 2014b. Lianghui ti’an: Tiaozheng zhuanli feiyong bili dali ezhi lese zhuanli [NPC and Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference proposal: The adjustment of patent fees ratio to vigorously curb junk patents]. March 7. Available at http://scitech.people.com.cn/n/2014/0307/c1007-24557877.html.Google Scholar
People’s Daily. 2015. Zhuanli qinquan shiji peichang e pingjun 8 wan zhuanjia jianyi tigao jin’e [Patent infringement actual compensation averages RMB 80,000: experts recommend raising the amount]. February 6. Available at http://ip.people.com.cn/n/2015/0206/c136655-26519125.html.Google Scholar
Qiao, Y., and Wen, J. 2009. Guonei wai faming zhuanli weichi zhuangkuang bijiao yanjiu [A comparative study of maintenance status of domestic and foreign invention patents]. Kexue xue yu kexue jishu guanli, 6, 2932.Google Scholar
Rosenberg, N., and Nelson, R. R. 1994. American universities and technical advance in industry. Research Policy, 23, 323348.Google Scholar
SASAC. n.d. State-Owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council (SASAC) main functions. Available at http://en.sasac.gov.cn/n1408028/n1408521/index.html.Google Scholar
SCIO (State Council Information Office). 2015. Liaoning sheng “guanyu jiakuai cujin keji chengguo zhuanhua de ruogan yijian” xinwen fabu hui [News press release of Liaoning province views regarding the accelerated promotion of science and technology achievement technology transfer]. Available at www.scio.gov.cn/xwfbh/gssxwfbh/fbh/Document/1396282/1396282.htm.Google Scholar
SCLAO (Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council). 2015. Guowuyuan fazhi bangongshi guanyu “zhiwu faming tiaoli cao’an (song shen gao)” gongkai zhengqiu yijian tongzhi [Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council notice regarding “work invention bill (draft for approval)” open for comments]. Available at www.chinalaw.gov.cn/article/xwzx/tpxw/201504/20150400398828.shtml.Google Scholar
SIPA (Shanghai Intellectual Property Administration). 2012. Shanghai shi zhuanli zizhu banfa (2012 nian xiuding) [Shanghai patent subsidy law (2012 revision)]. Available at www.sipa.gov.cn/gb/zscq/node2/node23/userobject1ai9494.html.Google Scholar
SIPO (State Intellectual Property Office). 2008. Patent Law of the People’s Republic of China. Available at http://english.sipo.gov.cn/laws/lawsregulations/201101/t20110119_566244.html.Google Scholar
SIPO. 2008–2013. SIPO annual reports. Available at http://english.sipo.gov.cn/laws/annualreports/.Google Scholar
SIPO. 2009. Beijing shi faming zhuanli jiangli banfa [Beijing invention patent remuneration law]. Available at www.sipo.gov.cn/twzb/bjfmzlj/bjzl/200904/t20090420_454649.html.Google Scholar
SIPO. 2012a. 2012 zhuanli tongji jianbao [2012 patent statistics summary report]. Available at www.sipo.gov.cn/ghfzs/zltjjb/201310/P020131025653662902318.pdf.Google Scholar
SIPO. 2012b. Zhongguo shiyong xinxing zhuanli zhidu fazhan zhuangkuang (quanwen) [China’s utility model patent system development]. Available at www.gov.cn/gzdt/2012-12/21/content_2295766.htm.Google Scholar
SIPO. 2013. Development of China’s utility model patent system. Available at http://english.sipo.gov.cn/news/official/201301/t20130105_782325.html.Google Scholar
SIPO. 2014a. “Guojia zhishi chanquan zhanlue gangyao” banbu shishi 6 zhounian [“China national intellectual property rights strategy outline,” six-year implementation]. Available at www.nipso.cn/zhuanti/zl6/.Google Scholar
SIPO. 2014b. The promotion plan for the implementation of the national intellectual property strategy in 2014. Available at http://english.sipo.gov.cn/laws/developing/201405/t20140505_944778.html.Google Scholar
SIWU (Suzhou Institute of Wuhan University). 2013. Wuhan University science and technology transfer, licensing, and industrialization regulations. Available at www.pxto.com.cn/JiGou/dt-show.asp?Resource_ID=169566&ID=63a302d2d6598b61/.Google Scholar
State Council. 2003. Guowuyuan guoyou zichan jiandu guanli weiyuanhui zhonghua renmin gongheguo caizheng bu di 3 haoling qiye guoyou chanquan zhuanrang guanli zhanxing banfa [State-Owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission and the Ministry of Commerce Order no. 3: Interim measures for the transfer of state-owned property]. Available at www.gov.cn/gongbao/content/2004/content_62922.htm.Google Scholar
State Council. 2006. Guojia zhong chang qi kexue he jishu fazhan guihua gangyao (2006–2020 nian) [China medium and long-range science and technology development plan, 2006–2020]. Available at www.gov.cn/jrzg/2006-02/09/content_183787.htm.Google Scholar
State Council. 2008a. “Guojia zhishi chanquan zhanlue gangyao” quanwen [“China national intellectual property rights strategy” outline]. Available at www.nipso.cn/onews.asp?id=9592/.Google Scholar
State Council. 2008b. Zhonghua renmin gongheguo zhuxi ling di wu hao zhonghua renmin gongheguo qiye guoyou zichan fa [Order of the President of the People’s Republic of China no. 5 Law of the People’s Republic of China on the state-owned assets of enterprises]. Available at www.gov.cn/flfg/2008-10/28/content_1134207.htm.Google Scholar
State Council. 2015a. Full transcript of policy briefing of the State Council on March 27, 2015. Available at http://english.gov.cn/news/policy_briefings/2015/03/27/content_281475078591808.htm.Google Scholar
State Council. 2015b. Guowuyuan bangong ting guanyu zhuanfa zhishi chanquan ju deng danwei shenru shishi guojia zhishi chanquan zhanlue xingdong jihua (2014–2020 nian) de tongzhi guo ban fa (2014) 64 hao [State Council general office notification regarding the forwarding to the state intellectual property office and other units the in-depth implementation of the national IPR strategy action plan (2014–2020) State Council Law (2014) no. 64]. Available at www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2015-01/04/content_9375.htm.Google Scholar
Sun, J. 2014. Lun woguo lese zhuanli wenti [China’s junk patents problem]. Fazhi yu shehui, 20, 273 and 281.Google Scholar
Supreme Court. 2015. Zuigao renmin fayuan guanyu xiugai “zuigao renmin fayuan guanyu shenli zhuanli jiufen anjian shiyong falu wenti de ruogan guiding” de jueding fa shi [2015] 4 hao [Amendment “Supreme Court regarding patent dispute case hearing provisions and applicable laws” decision judicial interpretation (215) no. 4]. Available at www.court.gov.cn/zixun-xiangqing-13244.html.Google Scholar
Tang, M. 2006. A comparative study on the role of national technology transfer centers in different Chinese universities. GLOBELICS (Global Network for Economics of Learning, Innovation, and Competence Building Systems), Thiruvananthapuram, India.Google Scholar
TJIP (Tianjin Intellectual Property). 2014. Guanyu 2014 nian tianjin shi zhuanli zizhu lingqu de tongzhi [Regarding 2014 Tianjin patent subsidy pickup notice]. Available at www.tjipo.gov.cn/xwdt/tztg/201405/t20140526_65322.html.Google Scholar
Wang, H. 2015. University’s IP institute to aid tech transfer. China Daily, March 25. Available at www.chinadaily.com.cn/m/cip/2015-03/25/content_19908289.htm.Google Scholar
Wang, Y. 2010. China’s National Innovation System and Innovation Policy: Promotion of National Innovation Systems in Countries with Special Needs. United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. Available at http://nis.apctt.org/PDF/CSNWorkshop_Report_P2S2_Wang.pdf.Google Scholar
Wen, J. 2008. Zhengfu zizhu zhuanli feiyong yinfa lese zhuanli de chengyin yu duice [Government patent cost subsidies and the raise of junk patents cause and countermeasures]. Dianzi zhishi chanquan, 11, 2125.Google Scholar
Wen, J., and Zhu, X. 2007. Woguo difang zhengfu zizhu zhuanli feiyong zhengce ruogan wenti yanjiu [Research on China’s local government subsidies for patent costs implementation questions]. Gongzuo yanjiu, 17(102), 2327.Google Scholar
Wen, J., and Zhu, X. 2009. Zhengfu zizhu zhuanli feiyong dui woguo jishu chuangxin de yingxiang jili yanjiu [Government patent cost subsidies and the mechanism of influence on China’s technological innovation]. Kexue xue yanjiu, 27(5), 686691.Google Scholar
WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization). 2015. WIPO IP statistics data center. Available at http://ipstats.wipo.int/ipstatv2/.Google Scholar
Wu, H. 2009. Zhongguo zhishi chanquan fazhi jianshe de pingjia yu fansi [An evaluation and reflection of China’s IPR legal framework establishments]. Zhongguo faxue, 1, 5168.Google Scholar
Xinhua News. 2012. San men: chutai zhuanli jiangli zhengce gao faming chuangzao jiangli 10 wan [Sanmen: Releases of patent remuneration policies introducing invention awards of 100,000]. November 21. Available at www.zj.xinhuanet.com/dfnews/2012-11/21/c_113749526.htm.Google Scholar
Xinhua News. 2015. Zuigao fa xiugai sifa jieshi mingque zhuanli jiufen anjian peichang shu’e [Supreme Court amends judicial interpretation to clarify patent dispute cases’ compensation amount]. January 29. Available at http://news.xinhuanet.com/legal/2015-01/29/c_1114183208.htm.Google Scholar
Xue, L. 2006. Universities in China’s national innovation system. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization’s Online Forum on Higher Education, Research, and Knowledge, November 2730. Available at http://portal.unesco.org/education/en/files/51614/11634233445XueLan-EN.pdf/XueLan-EN.pdf.Google Scholar
Xue, L. 2009. Globalization of S&T in China: Current Status and New Policies. Tsinghua University. March 29. Available at www.oecd.org/sti/sci-tech/42719725.pdf.Google Scholar
Zhang, G., and Chen, X. 2012. The value of invention patents in China: Country origin and technology field differences. China Economic Review, 23, 357370.Google Scholar
Zhao, R. 2015. Zhishi chanquan zhuanhua [Intellectual property transfer]. International Symposium on Intellectual Property Management at Universities and Research Institutes, Zhejiang University Research Institute for Intellectual Property Management, Zhejiang, China.Google Scholar
ZJU (Zhejiang University). 2005. Zhejiang daxue keji chengguo zhishi chanquan guanli banfa [Zhejiang University science and technology achievements IPR management measures]. March 29. Available at www.doe.zju.edu.cn/attachments/2009-11/01-1259202643-39371.doc.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×