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1.23 - The Upper Palaeolithic of South and Southeast Asia

from III. - South and Southeast Asia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 August 2014

By
Ryan J. Rabett  and
Timothy E. G. Reynolds
Edited by
Colin Renfrew  and
Paul Bahn
Ryan J. Rabett
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge
Timothy E. G. Reynolds
Affiliation:
University of London
Colin Renfrew
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge
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Summary

Introduction

The traditional European image of the Upper Palaeolithic – of early modern humans with blade technology, a succession of typologically distinct industries, durable evidence of abstract behaviours and economic specialisation – is not easily transposable to South and Southeast Asia. As a result of this, we have chosen to confine our discussion of the “Upper Palaeolithic” of South and Southeast Asia to within chronological rather than technological markers. Our coverage begins c. 74,000 years ago (or 74 kbp) with the most recent eruption of the Toba supervolcano (the Youngest Toba Tephra [YTT] event) in Sumatra (Oppenheimer 2001). The fallout record from this eruption is well documented in both regions to be examined and a matter of considerable importance for its impact on early human populations in these areas. We conclude our discussion at the recently recognised base of the Holocene, c. 11,700 calibrated (cal) years ago (Blockley et al. 2006). Geographically, we are concerned with the archaeological records of those countries bordering the northern shores of the Indian Ocean in the west (particularly Pakistan, India and Sri Lanka) and countries that surround and are located in the South China Sea and Wallacean seas to the east (Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam). All sites and dates are listed in Table 1.23.1; sites are presented in Map 1.23.1. Dividing the data into oceanic units like this not only presents a more regionally focused (rather than nationally defined) study, it allows us to assess the evidence for the initial colonisation of these regions by modern humans, which is thought to have occurred during this time and which is widely believed to have followed a coastal pathway.

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The Cambridge World Prehistory , pp. 374 - 388
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2014

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